REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Formation of ova.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw and label the human spermatozoon.
To describe the process of formation of ova.

Drawing and labelling.
Detailed discussion.
Q/A: Adaptations of male gamete to its function.

text book

KLB BK III. PP.
112-113 CERTIFICATE PG 151

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Fertilisation process.
Implantation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the fertilisation process.
To define implantation.
To define ectopic pregnancy.

Discussion
Drawing diagrams.


Drawing illustrative diagrams.
Discussion.

chart
text book

KLB BK III. PP. 113-114 CERTIFICATE PG 152
KLB BK III. P. 114 CERTIFICATE PG 153

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Implantation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define implantation.
To define ectopic pregnancy.

Drawing illustrative diagrams.
Discussion.

text book

KLB BK III. P. 114 CERTIFICATE PG 153

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

The placenta.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the formation of the placenta and the structure of the placenta.

Exposition and discussion.

Chart- The placenta.

KLB BK III. P. 115 CERTIFICATE PG 159

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Role of the placenta. Placental exchanges.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state and explain the role of the placenta.
To identify substances allowed / not allowed to pass through the placenta

Exposition and discussion. Drawing diagrams showing placental exchanges.
Detailed discussion.

text book

KLB BK III. P. 116 CERTIFICATE PG 159

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Pregnancy and hormones.
Abortion, miscarriage, birth.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify functions of human oestrogen and progestrone during pregnancy.
To describe processes of abortion, miscarriage and birth.

Tabulate functional differences.
Q/A: To elicit students responses on related issues.

text book

CERTIFICATE PG 160
KLB BK III. PP.
117-119 

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Lactation and parental care.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the role of oxytocin in milk let down.
To draw and label mammary glands.

Discussion

Drawing and labelling mammary glands.

Wall- charts mammary glands.

KLB BK III. P. 120 

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Lactation and parental care.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the role of oxytocin in milk let down.
To draw and label mammary glands.

Discussion

Drawing and labelling mammary glands.

Wall- charts mammary glands.

KLB BK III. P. 120 

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Secondary sexual characteristics.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state secondary sexual characteristics in males and females.

Detailed discussion.

text book

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

The menstrual cycle.
28-day menstrual cycle.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the role of hormones in the menstrual cycle.
To represent hormonal levels on a 28-day chart.

Detailed discussion.
Open discussion.
Interpreting illustrative charts.

Chart- Phases of human menstrual cycle.

KLB BK III. P. 121 CERTIFICATE PG 151
KLB BK III. PP.
122-123 CERTIFICATE PG 152

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Menopause, infertility and emerging issues.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe hormonal changes at menopause.
To discuss emerging issues related to infertility and menopause.

Open discussion.

text book

KLB BK III. P. 123 

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Menopause, infertility and emerging issues.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe hormonal changes at menopause.
To discuss emerging issues related to infertility and menopause.

Open discussion.

text book

KLB BK III. P. 123 

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Sexually Transmitted Infections & HIV/AIDS.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify the symptoms of STIs.
To explain the mode of transmission of STIs / AIDS and discuss methods of control.
To differentiate between HIV and AIDS.

Detailed discussion.
Q/A: Distinction and relationship between HIV and AIDS.

Chart- STIs causal agents, symptoms, prevention and control measures.

PP.
123-125 CERTIFICATE PG 169

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Sexually Transmitted Infections & HIV/AIDS.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify the symptoms of STIs.
To explain the mode of transmission of STIs / AIDS and discuss methods of control.
To differentiate between HIV and AIDS.

Detailed discussion.
Q/A: Distinction and relationship between HIV and AIDS.

Chart- STIs causal agents, symptoms, prevention and control measures.

PP.
123-125 CERTIFICATE PG 169

GENETICS

The concept of variation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define Genetics.
Define variation.

Exposition of new concepts.
Probing questions on some variations in human beings.
Observe some variations in human beings such as tongue rolling, finger prints, students? heights, etc.
Discussion on the concept of variation.

Ink pad, hand lenses, white paper.

KLB BK IV.
PP 1-2.

GENETICS

Discontinuous variation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define discontinuous variation.

Observe some discontinuous variations in human beings such as tongue rolling, sex, blood groups, etc.
Discussion on the concept of discontinuous variation.

text book

KLB BK IV.
P 3.

GENETICS

Continuous variation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define continuous variation.
Give examples of characteristics that show continuous variation.

Class activity ; students measure and record their heights;
Plotting of frequency-height graph;
Analyzing the graph;
Discussion with probing questions.

Metre rules/ tape measure,
Graph papers

KLB BK IV.
PP 3-4

GENETICS

Continuous variation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define continuous variation.
Give examples of characteristics that show continuous variation.

Class activity ; students measure and record their heights;
Plotting of frequency-height graph;
Analyzing the graph;
Discussion with probing questions.

Metre rules/ tape measure,
Graph papers

KLB BK IV.
PP 3-4

GENETICS

Continuous variation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define continuous variation.
Give examples of characteristics that show continuous variation.

Class activity ; students measure and record their heights;
Plotting of frequency-height graph;
Analyzing the graph;
Discussion with probing questions.

Metre rules/ tape measure,
Graph papers

KLB BK IV.
PP 3-4

GENETICS

Causes of variation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss causes of variation.

Exposition of new concepts.
Discussion with probing questions.

text book

KLB BK IV.
P 4

GENETICS

The chromosome.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the structure of chromosomes.

Exposition of new concepts.
Probing questions.
Discussion.

text book

KLB BK IV. PP 4-5.

GENETICS

The chromosome.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the structure of chromosomes.

Exposition of new concepts.
Probing questions.
Discussion.

text book

KLB BK IV. PP 4-5.

GENETICS

The chromosome.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the structure of chromosomes.

Exposition of new concepts.
Probing questions.
Discussion.

text book

KLB BK IV. PP 4-5.

GENETICS

Chromosomal behaviour during mitosis.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe chromosomal behaviour during mitosis.

Exposition;
Teacher demonstrations;
Drawing diagrams;
Detailed discussion.

Scissors,
Manilla papers, thread, cellotape.

KLB BK IV. PP 5-6

GENETICS

Chromosomal behaviour during meiosis.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe chromosomal behaviour during meiosis.

Exposition;
Teacher demonstrations;
Drawing diagrams;
Detailed discussion.

Scissors,
Manilla papers, threads, cellotape.

KLB BK IV. PP 6-7

GENETICS

Chromosomal behaviour during meiosis.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe chromosomal behaviour during meiosis.

Exposition;
Teacher demonstrations;
Drawing diagrams;
Detailed discussion.

Scissors,
Manilla papers, threads, cellotape.

KLB BK IV. PP 6-7

GENETICS

Genes and DNA.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the structure of genes and DNA.
Identify the role of DNA.

Expository approach.

Chart- the double helix DNA.

KLB BK IV. PP 7-8

GENETICS

Genes and DNA.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the structure of genes and DNA.
Identify the role of DNA.

Expository approach.

Chart- the double helix DNA.

KLB BK IV. PP 7-8

GENETICS

DNA replication.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe DNA replication.
Explain the role of DNA in protein synthesis.

Exposition;
Drawing mRNA strands.

text book

KLB BK IV. PP 9-10

GENETICS

First law of heredity.
Monohybrid inheritance.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe Mendel?s experiments.
State Mendel?s first law.
Define monohybrid inheritance.
Differentiate between genotype and phenotype.
Draw diagrams to show genetic crosses.

Exposition with explanations.
Q/A to review Mendel?s first law.
Drawing diagrams to show genetic crosses.
Discussion with probing questions.

text book

KLB BK IV. PP 11-12
KLB BK IV. PP 12-14

GENETICS

Monohybrid inheritance.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define monohybrid inheritance.
Differentiate between genotype and phenotype.
Draw diagrams to show genetic crosses.

Q/A to review Mendel?s first law.
Drawing diagrams to show genetic crosses.
Discussion with probing questions.

text book

KLB BK IV. PP 12-14

GENETICS

Monohybrid inheritance.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define monohybrid inheritance.
Differentiate between genotype and phenotype.
Draw diagrams to show genetic crosses.

Q/A to review Mendel?s first law.
Drawing diagrams to show genetic crosses.
Discussion with probing questions.

text book

KLB BK IV. PP 12-14

GENETICS

Genetic crosses using a punnet square.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Show fusion of gametes using a punnet square.

Completing a punnet square;
Brief discussion.

text book

KLB BK IV. PP 14-15

GENETICS

Genetic crosses using a punnet square.
Ratios of phenotypes and genotypes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Show fusion of gametes using a punnet square.
Explain the concept of probability in inheritance of characteristics.

Completing a punnet square;
Brief discussion.
Q/A to review phenotypes and genotypes.
Simple experiments on probability.
Discussion.

text book
Beans of two different colours, beakers.

KLB BK IV. PP 14-15
KLB BK IV. PP 15-17

GENETICS

Ratios of phenotypes and genotypes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the concept of probability in inheritance of characteristics.

Q/A to review phenotypes and genotypes.
Simple experiments on probability.
Discussion.

Beans of two different colours, beakers.

KLB BK IV. PP 15-17

GENETICS

Ratios of phenotypes and genotypes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the concept of probability in inheritance of characteristics.

Q/A to review phenotypes and genotypes.
Simple experiments on probability.
Discussion.

Beans of two different colours, beakers.

KLB BK IV. PP 15-17

GENETICS

Incomplete dominance.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite examples of incomplete dominance.
Illustrate incomplete dominance with diagrams.

Exposition;
Discussion;
Drawing diagrams.

chart

KLB BK IV. PP 19-20.

GENETICS

Incomplete dominance.
Inheritance of ABO blood groups.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite examples of incomplete dominance.
Illustrate incomplete dominance with diagrams.
Illustrate inheritance of blood groups with diagrams.

Exposition;
Discussion;
Drawing diagrams.
Exposition;
Discussion;
Drawing diagrams;
Supervised practice on inheritance of blood groups.

chart

KLB BK IV. PP 19-20.
KLB BK IV. PP 20-21

GENETICS

Inheritance of Rhesus factor.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe inheritance of Rhesus factor.

Exposition;
Discussion.

chart

KLB BK IV. PP 21-22

GENETICS

Determining unknown genotypes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Determine unknown genotypes using test crosses and selfing crosses.

Exposition;
Probing questions;
Drawing illustrative diagrams;
Discussion.

text book

KLB BK IV. PP 22-23

GENETICS

Sex determination in man.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe sex determination in man.

Exposition;
Drawing illustrative diagrams;
Discussion.

KLB BK IV. PP 23-24

GENETICS

Sex determination in man.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe sex determination in man.

Exposition;
Drawing illustrative diagrams;
Discussion.

KLB BK IV. PP 23-24

GENETICS

Sex-linked genes and traits.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify sex-linked traits in man.
Illustrate inheritance of sex-linked traits with diagrams.

Probing questions;
Drawing illustrative diagrams;
Discussion.

text book

KLB BK IV. PP 24-27

GENETICS

Sex-linked genes and traits.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify sex-linked traits in man.
Illustrate inheritance of sex-linked traits with diagrams.

Probing questions;
Drawing illustrative diagrams;
Discussion.

text book

KLB BK IV. PP 24-27

GENETICS

Non-disjunction.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain effects of non-disjunction as a chromosomal abnormality.

Exposition of new concepts;
Discussion.

text book

KLB BK IV. PP 30-33

GENETICS

Non-disjunction.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain effects of non-disjunction as a chromosomal abnormality.

Exposition of new concepts;
Discussion.

text book

KLB BK IV. PP 30-33

GENETICS

Gene mutation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Differentiate between chromosomal and gene mutation.
Identify types of gene mutation.

Q/A to review types of chromosomal mutation;
Using sequence models to show chromosomal mutations.
Discussion.

Models to show Chromosomal mutations.

KLB BK IV. PP 33-35

GENETICS

Gene mutation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Differentiate between chromosomal and gene mutation.
Identify types of gene mutation.

Q/A to review types of chromosomal mutation;
Using sequence models to show chromosomal mutations.
Discussion.

Models to show Chromosomal mutations.

KLB BK IV. PP 33-35

GENETICS

Disorders due to gene mutations.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Illustrate genetic disorders with diagrams.

Discussion on albinism, sickle-cell anaemia, haemophilia, colour blindness.
Drawing illustrative diagrams.

chart

KLB BK IV. PP 35-38

GENETICS

Disorders due to gene mutations.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Illustrate genetic disorders with diagrams.

Discussion on albinism, sickle-cell anaemia, haemophilia, colour blindness.
Drawing illustrative diagrams.

chart

KLB BK IV. PP 35-38

GENETICS

Applications of genetics.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify areas of practical application of genetics.

Probing questions;
Open discussion;
Topic review.

text book,video

KLB BK IV. PP 39-45

GENETICS

Applications of genetics.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify areas of practical application of genetics.

Probing questions;
Open discussion;
Topic review.

text book,video

KLB BK IV. PP 39-45