LAKES

Lakes formed by tectonic movements and downwarping.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain formation of rift lakes.
Explain formation of lakes by downwarping.

Q/A to review formation of the Rift Valley.
Discuss & cite examples of such lakes.

Maps showing distribution of lakes.

Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 177-8

LAKES

Lakes formed by volcanicity.
Lakes resulting from erosion.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain formation of crater lakes and lava - dammed lakes.
Explain formation of as a result of erosion.

Q/A to review volcanic action;
Brief discussion.
Q/A and

Maps showing distribution of lakes.

Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 178-180

LAKES

Lakes resulting from glaciation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain formation of lakes resulting from glaciation.
Cite examples of lakes resulting from glaciation.

Brief discussion.
Students refer to maps.

Maps showing distribution of lakes.

Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 180

LAKES

Lakes formed by deposition. & other modes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of lakes formed by deposition.

Cite examples of lakes formed by other modes.

Brief discussion, citing examples & locating them in the map.

Maps showing distribution of lakes.

Certificate Book III Geography
Pg 181-2

LAKES

Significance of lakes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the significance of lakes to humankind and the country.

Oral questions and brief discussion.
Topic assessment. / Assignment.

Bk III Cert. Geography
Pg 182-4

OCEANS, SEAS & COASTS

Distinction between oceans and seas. Nature of sea water.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Distinguish between oceans and seas.
Compare and contrast seas and oceans.
Describe nature of sea water.

Exposition. Q/A & discussion.

World map.

Bk III Cert. Geography
Pg 104-5

OCEANS, SEAS & COASTS

Water movements in oceans.
Major ocean currents.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Give reasons for vertical and horizontal movements of water.
State characteristics of major ocean currents.
Give examples of some ocean currents.

Probing questions & explanations.
Discussion and oral questions.

Cert. Bk III Geography
Pg 106-

OCEANS, SEAS & COASTS

Tides.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe causes of tides.
Identify types of tides.

Probing questions & explanations.

Cert. Geography
Pg 108-110

OCEANS, SEAS & COASTS

Waves.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe formation of waves.
Identify types of waves.

Explanations and oral questions.

Bk III Cert. Geography
Pg 111-3

OCEANS, SEAS & COASTS

Wave action & resultant features.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe processes of wave erosion.
Identify features resulting from wave action.

Explanations, probing questions & discussion.
Refer to diagrams.

Illustrative
Diagrams.

Bk III Cert. Geography
Pg 113-6

OCEANS, SEAS & COASTS

Wave transportation.
Wave deposition.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features resulting from wave transportation.
Describe deposition by waves.

Review river transportation;
Brief discussion.
Review river deposition.

Bk III Cert. Geography
Pg 116-7

OCEANS, SEAS & COASTS

Features resulting from wave deposition.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features resulting from wave deposition.

Review river deposition.
Brief discussion.

Bk III Cert. Geography
Pg 120-122

OCEANS, SEAS & COASTS

Features resulting from wave deposition.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features resulting from wave deposition.

Review river deposition.
Brief discussion.

Bk III Cert. Geography
Pg 120-122

OCEANS, SEAS & COASTS

Types of coasts: Submerged coasts.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Identify types of submerged coasts.

Explanations & illustrative diagrams.

Bk III Cert. Geography
Pg 123-7

OCEANS, SEAS & COASTS

Emerged coasts.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of emerged coasts.

Explanations & illustrative diagrams.

Bk III Cert. Geography
Pg 127-9

OCEANS, SEAS & COASTS

Coral coasts.
Significance of oceans, seas and coastal features.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify conditions necessary for growth of polyps.
Identify types of coral reefs.
Explain the significance of oceans, seas and coastal features to humankind and to a country / region.

Discussion & illustrative diagrams.
Q/A, brief discussion.

Bk III Cert. Geography
Pg 130-134

ACTION OF WIND AND WATER IN ARID AREAS.

Processes of wind erosion.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




Describe processes of wind erosion.

Discussion: abrasion, attrition & deflation processes of erosion.
Exposition of new concepts.

Map of Africa showing distribution of arid zones.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 137-139

ACTION OF WIND AND WATER IN ARID AREAS.

Features resulting from wind erosion.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify features resulting from wind erosion.

Explanations & drawing illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 139-142

ACTION OF WIND AND WATER IN ARID AREAS.

Wind transportation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the ways in which wind transports its load.
State factors affecting wind transportation.

Exposition, explanations & illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 143-4

ACTION OF WIND AND WATER IN ARID AREAS.

Features resulting from wind deposition.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify features resulting from wind deposition.

Explain formation of wind deposition.

Exposition, explanations & drawing illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 144-7

ACTION OF WIND AND WATER IN ARID AREAS.

Features resulting from wind deposition.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify features resulting from wind deposition.

Explain formation of wind deposition.

Exposition, explanations & drawing illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 144-7

ACTION OF WIND AND WATER IN ARID AREAS.

Action of water in arid areas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
describe action of water in arid areas.

Brain storming;
Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 147

ACTION OF WIND AND WATER IN ARID AREAS.

Resultant features of water action in arid areas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify features resulting from action of water in arid areas.

Exposition, explanations and illustrative diagrams.

Illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 147-152

ACTION OF WIND AND WATER IN ARID AREAS.

Resultant features of water action in arid areas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify features resulting from action of water in arid areas.

Exposition, explanations and illustrative diagrams.

Illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 147-152

ACTION OF WIND AND WATER IN ARID AREAS.
ACTION OF WATER IN LIMESTONE AREAS.

Significance of features in arid areas.
Surface and underground water.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the significance of features formed by water and wind action in arid zones.
Describe processes leading to surface and underground water.

Brain storming;
Brief discussion.
Probing questions on sources of water, infiltration of water, etc.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 152--3

ACTION OF WATER IN LIMESTONE AREAS.

Occurrence of underground water.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors, which affect the occurrence of underground water.
Identify features resulting from underground water.
Explain the importance of underground water.

Exposition & explanations.



Probing questions.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 155-8

ACTION OF WATER IN LIMESTONE AREAS.

Significance of underground water.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline significance of underground water.

Brief discussion and probing questions.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 158

ACTION OF WATER IN LIMESTONE AREAS.

Karst landscape.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe development of a Karst landscape.

Explanations and illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 159

ACTION OF WATER IN LIMESTONE AREAS.

Karst features.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify Karst features on the surface and underground.
Explain the significance of Karst features.

Explanations and illustrative diagrams;
Q/A & brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 160-163

GLACIATION

Types of glaciers.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define the terms glaciation and glacier.
Identify types of glaciers.

Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 1164-5

GLACIATION

Processes of glaciation and resultant features.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the processes of glacial erosion, transportation and deposition.

Probing questions &
Drawing illustrative diagrams.

Illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 166

GLACIATION

Glaciation in highland areas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify features formed by glaciation in highland areas.
Describe formation of features by glaciation in highlands.

Exposition & explanations.

Drawing diagrams.

Illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 166-8

GLACIATION

Glaciation in highland areas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify features formed by glaciation in highland areas.
Describe formation of features by glaciation in highlands.

Exposition & explanations.

Drawing diagrams.

Illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 166-8

GLACIATION

Glaciation in lowland areas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify features formed by glaciation in lowland areas.
Describe formation of features by glaciation in lowland areas.

Exposition & explanations.


Drawing diagrams.

Illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 172-3

GLACIATION

Significance of glaciation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight significance of glaciation.

Q/A and brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 175-6

SOIL.

Soil constituents.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define the term soil.
Describe composition of soil.

Q/A: review soil profile, soil structure, etc.
Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 193-195

SOIL.

Soil formation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain processes through which soil is formed.

Q/A: review weathering.
Detailed discussion & illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 195-6

SOIL.

Soil formation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain processes through which soil is formed.

Q/A: review weathering.
Detailed discussion & illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 195-6

SOIL.

Factors of soil formation.
Properties of soil.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors influencing soil formation.
Identify characteristics of soil.

Q/A & discussion.
Q/A & discussion &
practical activities e.g. determining soil pH; water retention capacity, porosity, etc.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 196-8

SOIL.

Soil degeneration within a locality.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types & causes of soil degeneration.

Q/A: loss of soil fertility.
Detailed discussion.
Fieldwork.

SOIL.

Soil degeneration within a locality.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types & causes of soil degeneration.

Q/A: loss of soil fertility.
Detailed discussion.
Fieldwork.

SOIL.

Soil degeneration.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types & causes of soil degeneration in a specific area.

Fieldwork.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 208-210

SOIL.

Agents of soil degeneration.
Effects of soil erosion.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify agents of soil degeneration.
Outline effects of soil erosion.

Brain storming;
Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 210-1

SOIL.

Types of soils: Zonal order.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Identify types of soils of the zonal order.
State characteristics of various types of soils of the zonal order.

Exposition & explanations.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 212

SOIL.

Azonal order.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify azonal order soils.
State characteristics of various types of soils.

Exposition & explanations.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 213

SOIL.

Azonal order.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify azonal order soils.
State characteristics of various types of soils.

Exposition & explanations.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 213

SOIL.

Intrazonal order.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of soils of the intrazonal order.
State characteristics of various intrazonal order soils.

Exposition & explanations.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 214

SOIL.
AGRICULTURE

Soil conservation & management.
Factors influencing Agriculture.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify soil conservation & management measures.
Explain the factors influencing Agriculture.

Brief discussion & assignment.
Q/A: review various aspects of Agriculture, its importance, etc.
Probing questions on factors affecting Agriculture; biotic, edaphic, economic, climate, etc.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 215-8

AGRICULTURE

Types of Agriculture.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify various types of farming systems and methods.

State characteristics of each type of farming system and method.

Q/A, detailed discussion.



Cite examples where each type of farming is successful.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 229-238

AGRICULTURE

Tea farming in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major tea-growing areas in Kenya.
State conditions necessary for tea growing.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of tea in Kenya.
Outline some achievements of KTDA.
Highlight some problems facing tea farming in Kenya.

Brain storming;

Probing questions;

Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 241-8

AGRICULTURE

Sugar cane growing in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major sugar cane-growing areas in Kenya.
State conditions necessary for sugar cane growing.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of sugar cane in Kenya.
Highlight some problems facing sugar cane farming in Kenya.

Brain storming;

Probing questions;

Brief discussion;

Assignments.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 248-254

AGRICULTURE

Maize growing in Kenya.
Cocoa in Ghana.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major maize-growing areas in Kenya.
State conditions necessary for maize growing.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of maize in Kenya.
Highlight some problems facing maize farming in Kenya.
Identify major cocoa growing areas in Ghana.
State conditions necessary for cocoa growing.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of cocoa in Ghana.
Highlight some problems facing cocoa growing in Ghana.

Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.
Oral questions, brief discussion & explanations.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 254-260

AGRICULTURE

Oil palm in Nigeria.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major oil palm-growing areas in Nigeria.
State conditions necessary for oil palm growing in Nigeria.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of oil palm in Nigeria.
Highlight some problems facing oil palm growing in Nigeria.

Brain storming;

Probing questions;

Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 265-269

AGRICULTURE

Coffee in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major coffee growing areas in Kenya.
State conditions necessary for coffee growing.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of coffee in Kenya.
Highlight some problems facing coffee farming in Kenya.

Q/A, brief discussion
& Assignment.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 271-4

AGRICULTURE

Coffee in Brazil.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify conditions favourable for coffee farming in Brazil.
Outline problems facing coffee farming in Brazil.

Q/A & explanations & Assignment.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 274-5

AGRICULTURE

Wheat growing in Kenya & Canada.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify conditions favouring wheat growing in Kenya & Canada.

Q/A & explanations.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
277-282

AGRICULTURE

Horticulture in Kenya.
Horticulture in the Netherlands.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify conditions favouring growing horticulture in Kenya.
Give examples of horticultural crops and their importance.
Describe marketing of horticultural crops in Kenya.
Highlight problems facing horticulture in Kenya.
Identify conditions favouring horticulture in the Netherlands.
Describe marketing of horticultural crops in the Netherlands.
Highlight problems facing horticulture in the Netherlands.

Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.
Probing questions & brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
283

AGRICULTURE

Commercial dairy & beef farming in Kenya & in Denmark.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline conditions favouring commercial dairy & beef farming in Kenya.
Identify dairy / beef cattle breeds reared in Kenya.
Identify problems facing commercial dairy & beef farming in Kenya and the responses of the government to these problems.

Probing questions, brief discussion & assignment.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 290

AGRICULTURE

Beef farming in Argentina.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify conditions favouring beef farming in Argentina.
Describe the organization of beef farms in Argentina.

Explanations, probing questions & discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 306