People and Relationships

Scientific Theory about Human origin
Scientific Theory about human origin

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Describe scientific theory about human origin
-Explore scientific theory about human origin
-Develop a sense of humanity based on common origin

The learner is guided to enhance the skill of teamwork as they discuss in groups how scientific theory is used to explain human origin and present

Why is Africa considered as the cradle of humanity?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Oral report -Observation

People and Relationships

Scientific Theory about Human origin

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Describe changes that took place in humans as a result of evolution
-Illustrates changes that took place in human as a result of evolution
-Appreciate the sense of humanity based on common origin

The learner is guided to describe changes that took place in human as a result of evolution
-In groups or pairs learner is guided to illustrate changes that took place in humans as a result of evolution

Why is Africa considered as the cradle of humanity?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Oral report -Observation

People and Relationship

Scientific Theory about Human origin

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify differences between various species of early humans and when they existed
-Explore the differences between various species of early humans

-Learner is guided to identify the differences between various species of early humans and when they existed.
-Learner in pairs or in groups are guided to write on a chart differences between various species of early humans and when they existed

What are the differences between various species of early humans?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Oral report -Observation

People and Relationships

Scientific Theory about Human origin

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Describe the preservation of remains of early humans
-Research on preservation of remains of early humans
-Appreciate humanity based on common origin

-Learner is guided to discuss the preservation of remains of early humans and take notes
-In groups or pairs learners; are guided to research on preservation of remains of early humans

How did early humans preserve remains?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Oral report -Observation

People and Relationship

Early Civilization -Asia -Europe

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Locate on a map of Europe places of origin of early visitors to the East African Coast
-Appreciate early visitors to the East African Coast

-The learner is guided to locate on a map of Europe places of origin of early visitors to the East African Coast
-In groups or pairs learners are guided to draw a map of Europe showing places of origin if early visitors to the east African Coast

Which is the origin of early visitors to the East African Coast?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Written questions -Oral report -Observation

People and Relationships

Early Civilization Asia
Early Civilization -Asia -Europe

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Locate on a map of Asia places of origin of early visitors to the East African Coast
-draw a map of Asia showing places of origin of early visitors to the East African Coast

-The learner is guided to locate on a map of Asia places of origin of early visitors to the East African Coast

Which is the origin of early visitors to the East African Coast?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Written questions -Oral report -Observation

People and Relationship

Early Civilization -Asia -Europe

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Describe Swahili civilization along the East African Coast
-Create posters on
Swahili civilization along the east African Coast
-Appreciate Swahili civilization along the East African
Coast

-The learner is guided to exhibit culture awareness as they brainstorm on the Swahili civilization along the East African Coast

Why is cultural heritage important to society?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Written questioms

People and Relationships

Early Civilization -Asia -Europe

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Discuss factors that lead to the growth of East African city states
-Demonstrate how the factors lead to the growth of East African city states
-Appreciate the growth of East African city states

The learner is guided to discuss factors that led to the growth of East African city stats
-In pairs or in groups learners are guided to demonstrate factors that led to the growth of East African city states

What are the factors that led to the growth of East African city states?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Written questions

People and relationship
People and Relationships

Early Civilization -Asia -Europe
Trans Sahara slave Trade

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Describe practices from early civilization that have contributed to the modern world
-show how best practices from early civilisation have contributed to the modern world
-Appreciate practices of early civilisation

In groups or in pairs, learners are guided to describe practices from early civilization that have contributed to the modern world
-In groups or in pairs, learners are guided to show how best practices from early civilization have contributed to the modern world

Why is cultural heritage important to society?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Oral report -Observation

People and Relationship

Trans-Saharan slave trade

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Outline effects of Trans-Saharan slave trade in Africa

-In groups or in pairs learners are guided to outline effects Trans-Saharan slave trade in Africa
-Research on the effects of Trans-Sahara slave trade in Africa
-Desire to promote social justice in society

What are the effects of Trans-Saharan slave trade in Africa? -The learner is guided to discuss and research on effects Trans-Saharan slave trade in Africa

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Written questions

People and Relationships

Trans-Saharan slave trade
Population growth in Africa

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify regions where slaves were sourced during the Trans-Saharan slave trade
-Draw a map of Africa and locate regions where slaves where were sourced during the Trans-Saharan slave trade
-Desire to promote social justice in a society

The learner is guided to take turns in activities and conversation as they draw a map of Africa and locate regions where slaves were sourced during the Trans-Saharan slave trade

Why do people subject others to slave trade?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Observation

People and Relationships

Population growth in Africa

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Describe types of migration in Africa
-Examine types and effects of migration in Africa
-Appreciate types and effects factors that influence migration in Africa

-Learner is guided to exchange new ideas as they research on the factors that influence migration in Africa

What causes migration in Africa

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Written questions

People and Relationships

Population growth in Africa

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-describe demographic trends in Kenya
-Illustrate demographic trends in Kenya
-Appreciate demographic trends in Kenya

The learner is guided to develop self-confidence as they draw demographic trends in Kenya using recent census data

Why is it important to study demographic changes?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Written questions

People and Relationships
People and Relationship

Population growth in Africa
Population Growth in Africa

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-identify effects of population growth in the community
-Create awareness on the effects of population growth in the community
-Appreciate the effects of population growth in the community

-The learner is guided to identify effects of population growth in the community
-In groups or pairs learners are guided to develop posters to create awareness of population growth in the community

What are effects of population growth in the community?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Written questions

People and Relationships

Diversity and interpersonal skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify social cultural diversities in Kenya
-Explore social cultural diversities in Kenya
-Appreciate social cultural diversities in Kenya

-The learner is guided to exhibit respect for fellow citizens as they discuss the social cultural diversities

How can we demonstrate respect and appreciation of social cultural diversity and inclusion?

-Course book
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices
-Pictures

-Oral questions -Written questions

People and Relationships

Diversity and Interpersonal skills
Diversity ad interpersonal skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Describe what is healthy self esteem
-Explore ways of building a healthy self-esteem in diverse social cultural society
-Appreciate a healthy self esteem

The learners is guided to use digital or print material to find out how to improve one’s self-esteem and share the findings in class

What is healthy self-esteem?

-Course book
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices
-Pictures
-Pictures

-Oral questions -Oral report -Observation

People and Relationships

Diversity and interpersonal skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Describe various ways of improving one’s self-esteem
-Research on how to improve one’s self –esteem
-Appreciate the ways of improving one’s self-esteem

The learner is guided to describe various ways of improving one’s self esteem
-In groups they use prints material to ding out how to improve one’s self-esteem

How can we improve our self-esteem?

-Course book
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices
-Pictures

-Oral questions -written questions

People and Relationships

Diversity and interpersonal skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify ways of handling different emotional states
-Demonstrate ways of handling different emotional states
-Appreciate ways of handling different emotional states

The learner is to identify ways of handling different emotional states

How can one handle different emotional states?

-Course book
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices
-Pictures

-Oral questions -Written questions

People and Relationships

Diversity and Interpersonal Skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe peer pressure in a culturally diverse environment
-Manage peer pressure in a culturally diverse environment
-Appreciate ways of managing peer pressure in a culturally diverse environment

The learner is guided to practice inclusivity as they role play was of managing peer pressure

How can we manage peer pressure?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices
-Pictures
-Realia

-Oral question -Question written -Observation

People and Relationships

Peaceful conflict Resolution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Describe what is effective communication
-Design strategies for effective communication in resolving conflicts
-Appreciate strategies for effective communication in resolving conflicts

Thea learners is guided to describe what is effective communication
-In groups learner to design strategies for effective communicating in resolving conflicts

How can resolving conflicts help us live peacefully in the community?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Written questions -Observation

People and Relationships

Peaceful conflict Resolution
Peaceful Conflict Resolution -Negotiation -Mediation -Arbitration

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe healthy relationship that promote peace in the family
-Build healthy relationships to promote peace in the family

-The learner is guided to describe healthy relationships that promote peace in the family.
-The learner is guided to identify ways of building

How can one build healthy relationships to promote peace in the family?

-Course book
-Pictures
-Charts
-Realia
-Computing devices
-Realia

-Oral questions -Written question -Observation

People and Relationships

Peaceful conflict Resolution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Describe empathy
-Show empathy with survivors of conflict in the family
-Appreciate the culture of peace in a society

What is empathy?

-Course
-Pictures
-Realia
-Charts
-Computing devices

-Oral questions -Written questions -Observations

People and Relationships
Natural and Historic Built Environment.

Peaceful conflict Resolution
Map reading and interpretation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Describe importance of peace
-Compose poems on the importance of peace in the
family
-Appreciate the culture of peace in a society

-The learner is guided to describe importance of peace
-Learner is guided to display team spirit as they work in groups to compose poems on the importance of peace in the family and present in class

What is the importance of peace in the family?

-Course
-Pictures
-Realia
-Charts
-Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 87-89
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

-Oral questions -Written questions -Observations

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Map reading and interpretation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the elements of marginal information.
Study the interlocking cards and match them.
Draw the map on learner's book 8 page 92
Appreciate the elements of marginal information.

Individually, learners are guided to identify the elements of marginal information.
Individually, learners are guided to study the interlocking cards and match them.
Individually, learners are guided to draw the map on learner's book 8 page 92

What are the elements of marginal information?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 90-93
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Types and uses of scales on maps

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the meaning of scale in maps.
State the types of scales used on maps.
Study the scales on page 94 and match each scale to its name.
Appreciate the types of scales on maps.

Individually, learners are guided to explain the meaning of scale in maps.
Individually, learners are guided to state the types of scales used on maps.
Individually, learners are guided to study the scales on page 94 and match each scale to its name.

What is a scale?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 93-95
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Converting a statement scale to a representative fraction scale.
Converting linear scale into representative fraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Outline the procedure of converting statement scale to a representative fraction scale.
Convert a statement scale to a representative fraction scale.
Appreciate the importance of direct statement scales.
Have fun and enjoy the calculations.

In pairs or individually, learners are guided to outline the procedure of converting statement scale to a representative fraction scale.
In pairs or individually, learners are guided to convert a statement scale to a representative fraction scale.

How do you statement scale to a representative fraction scale?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 95-96
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 96

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Convert representative fraction scale (RF) into linear scale.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Outline the procedure of converting representative fraction scale into linear scale
Convert representative fraction scale into linear scale.
Enjoy the calculations.

In pairs or individually, learners are guided to outline the procedure of converting representative fraction scale into linear scale
In pairs or individually, learners are guided to convert representative fraction scale into linear scale.

How do you convert linear scale into representative fraction scale?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 98-99
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Determining distances and areas of places on a map using scales; Measuring distances on a topographical map
Determining distances and areas of places on a map using scales

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Outline the procedure of measuring distance along a straight line on a topographical map using a sheet of paper.
Measure the distance along a straight line on a topographical map using a sheet of paper.
Have fun and enjoy measuring distances.

In pairs or individually, learners are guided to outline the procedure of measuring distance along a straight line on a topographical map using a sheet of paper.
In pairs or individually, learners are guided to measure the distance along a straight line on a topographical map using a sheet of paper.

What is a topographical map?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 99-100
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 101-102

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Measuring along a curved line.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Outline the procedure of measuring distances between different places on the map using a string on a topographical map.
Measure the distance between different places on the map using a string on a topographical map.
Appreciate the importance of topographical map.

In pairs or individually, learners are guided to outline the procedure of measuring distances between different places on the map using a string on a topographical map.
In pairs or individually, learners are guided to measure the distance between different places on the map using a string on a topographical map.

Why do we use a string to measure a curved line?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 102-103
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Measuring along a curved line.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Outline the procedure to measure distances between different places on a map along curved line on a topographical map using a pair of dividers.
Measure the distance between different places on a map along a curved line on a topographical map using a pair of dividers.
Appreciate the use of a pair of dividers.

In pairs or individually, learners are guided to outline the procedure to measure distances between different places on a map along curved line on a topographical map using a pair of dividers.
In pairs or individually, learners are guided to measure the distance between different places on a map along a curved line on a topographical map using a pair of dividers.

What is a curved line?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 104-105
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Measuring along a curved line.
Calculating areas on a map using scales.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Outline the procedure to measure distances along a curved line using a paper edge.
Measure the distance along a curved line using a paper edge.
Appreciate the use of a paper edge.

In pairs or individually, learners are guided to outline the procedure to measure distances along a curved line using a paper edge.
In pairs or individually, learners are guided to measure the distance along a curved line using a paper edge

How do you measure a curved line using a paper edge?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 105-106
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 106-107

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Calculating areas of irregular shapes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the formula of calculating the area of irregular shaped by use of rectangles and triangles method.
Calculate the area of irregular shapes by use of rectangles and triangles method.
Have fun and enjoy working out.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the formula of calculating the area of irregular shaped by use of rectangles and triangles method.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to calculate the area of irregular shapes by use of rectangles and triangles method.

Which features on maps have irregular shapes?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 108-109
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Use of strips.
Use of grid squares.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the method use of strips.
Outline the procedure of calculating an area using the method of strips.
Calculate the area of each rectangular strip.
Appreciate the use of strip method.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to explain the method use of strips
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to outline the procedure of calculating an area using the method of strips.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to calculate the area of each rectangular strip

How do you calculate an area of a rectangular strip?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 109-110
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 110-112

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Methods of representing relief on topographical maps.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the meaning of "Relief" on maps.
Identify some relief features represented using different methods.
Draw some relief features found on maps.
Appreciate the use of relief features.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to explain the meaning of "Relief" on maps.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify some relief features represented using different methods.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to draw some relief features found on maps.

What are relief features?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 112-114
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Drainage features.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify how vegetation is represented on a topographical map.
Draw some of the drainage features.
Examine how drainage features are represented on a topographical map.
Appreciate the use of drainage features.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify how vegetation is represented on a topographical map.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to draw some of the drainage features.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to examine how drainage features are represented on a topographical map.

What are some of the drainage features?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 114-116
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Interpreting physical features on a map.
Interpreting physical features on a map.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the meaning of contours.
Fill in the blank spaces with the correct words.
Interpret physical features on a map.
Appreciate the use of physical features on a map.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to explain the meaning of contours.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to fill in the blank spaces with the correct words.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to interpret physical features on a map.

What are contours?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 116-118
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 119-120

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Weather and Climate: Factors influencing weather and climate in Africa.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the meaning of weather.
Identify the factors that influence weather and Climate.
Demonstrate how the factors influence weather and climate.
Have a desire to learn more about weather and climate.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to explain the meaning of weather.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to Identify the factors that influence weather and Climate
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to demonstrate how the factors influence weather and climate.

What is weather?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 121-122
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Distribution and characteristics of climatic regions in Africa.
Equatorial Climate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the main climatic regions in Africa.
Draw the map of Africa.
Identify the countries where each climatic region covers.
Appreciate the importance of climatic regions.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the main climatic regions in Africa.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to draw the map of Africa.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the countries where each climatic region covers.

What is climate?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 123-124
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 124

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Tropical climate.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the characteristics of modified tropical climate.
List the countries whose coastal areas experienced the described climate.
Search in atlases for information about where tropical climate is experienced in Africa.
Appreciate the importance of tropical climate.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the characteristics of modified tropical climate.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to list the countries whose coastal areas experienced the described climate.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to search in atlases for information about where tropical climate is experienced in Africa.

What are the characteristics of modified tropical climate?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 125-126
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Desert climate.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the characteristics of desert climate.
List down the areas where climate region is experienced.
Search in atlases for information about where desert climate is experienced in Africa.
Appreciate the use of maps.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the characteristics of desert climate.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to list down the areas where climate region is experienced.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to search in atlases for information about where desert climate is experienced in Africa.

What are the characteristics of semi-arid climate?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 126-129
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Mediterranean climate.
Causes and effects of climate change in the environment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the characteristics of Mediterranean climate.
Search for pictures of Mediterranean climate on the Internet, atlases and relevant textbooks and articles.
Appreciate the use of maps.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify the characteristics of Mediterranean climate.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to search for pictures of Mediterranean climate on the Internet, atlases and relevant textbooks and articles.

What are the characteristics of Mediterranean climate?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 129-131
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices
MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 131-136

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Natural and Historic Built Environment

Possible solutions to the effects of climate change in the environment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify possible solutions to the effects of climate change in the environment.
State the importance of taking care of the environment.
Demonstrate how technology can be used to save the world from climate change.
Appreciate the importance of the environment.

In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to identify possible solutions to the effects of climate change in the environment.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to state the importance of taking care of the environment.
In groups, in pairs or individually, learners are guided to demonstrate how technology can be used to save the world from climate change.

What are possible solutions to the effects of climate change in the environment? What care should you give to trees and natural vegetation?

MTP; Social Studies Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 136-139
Pictures
Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation