NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Isolation of nitrogen from air.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Describe isolation of nitrogen from air.

Teacher demonstration, explanations and equations.

Aspirator, copper turnings, gas jar, combustion tube, trogh.

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 134-135

Longhorn Book
P 186

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Industrial production of nitrogen.
Lab. preparation of nitrogen.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe industrial production of nitrogen.
Describe lab preparation of nitrogen.

Discussion and description.
Drawing schematic diagram for the process.
Teacher demonstration:
Students? record observations made from tests on the gas.
Writing equations of reactions.

charts
Ammonium chloride, sodium nitrate

K.L.B. BK III
PP.135-136

Longhorn Book
PP 188-9

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Physical and chemical properties of nitrogen. Uses of nitrogen.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State physical and chemical properties of nitrogen.


List down uses of nitrogen.

Discussion and writing equations.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P. 138

Longhorn
Book III
PP 191-2

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Nitrogen (I) oxide. Lab preparation.
Properties and uses of Nitrogen (I) oxide.
Nitrogen (II) oxide. Lab preparation.
Properties of the gas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe Nitrogen (I) oxide.
To list down physical properties of nitrogen (I) oxide.
To describe chemical properties of nitrogen (I) oxide.
To list down uses of nitrogen (I) oxide.
To describe lab preparation of nitrogen (II) oxide.
To list down physical properties of nitrogen (II) oxide
To describe chemical properties of nitrogen (11) oxide

Teacher demonstration: -
Carry out tests on the gas.
Students record observations in a table.
Guided discussion.
Q/A: Deductions from tests carried out.
Discussion of chemical properties and writing of equations.
Teacher elucidates uses of nitrogen (1) oxide.
Class experiment: Preparation and carrying out tests on the gas.
Observations recorded in a table.
Q/A: Deductions from tests carried out.
Discussion of chemical properties and writing of equations.
Carry out a confirmatory test for the presence of the gas.

Ammonium nitrate.
charts
Dil nitric acid, copper turnings.
charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 139-141

Longhorn
Book III
PP 195-6

K.L.B. BK III
P. 142
Longhorn
Book III
PP 200-1

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Nitrogen (1V) oxide Lab preparation.
Properties of Nitrogen (IV) oxide.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe nitrogen (IV) oxide lab preparation.
To list down physical properties of nitrogen (IV) oxide
To describe chemical properties of nitrogen (IV) oxide
To state uses of nitrogen (1V) oxide.

Teacher demonstration: - Preparation of the gas and corresponding equation.
Tests on the gas and make observations.
Deduce physical properties from the table of observations.
To describe chemical properties from the table of observations.
Discuss uses of nitrogen (1V) oxide.

Conc. nitric acid, copper turnings.
charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 144-145

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Ammonia. Lab preparation of ammonia.
Properties of ammonia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe lab preparation of ammonia
To list down physical properties of ammonia.

Q/A: Structure of ammonia.
Group experiments: Preparation of ammonia.
Tests on the gas.
Deduce physical properties from the observations above.
Discuss chemical properties from the observations above.
Write down chemical equations.

Ca(OH)2, NH4Cl Solutions, CaO, litmus papers..M THREE CHEMISTRY TERM TWO 20....
charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 147-148

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Solubility of ammonia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe an experiment to determine solubility of ammonia.

Teacher demonstration.

Discussion.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P. 150

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Reaction of ammonia with metal ions.
Ionic equations of above reactions.
Burning ammonia in the air.
Reaction of ammonia with copper (II) Oxide.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To prepare aqueous solution of ammonia.
To carry out tests of aqueous ammonia on metal ions.
To write iIonic equations of above reactions.
To describe burning ammonia in the air.
To name products formed when ammonia reacts with hot CuCl2 solid.
To explain reducing properties of ammonia.

Teacher demonstration: - Preparation of aqueous solution of ammonia.
Class experiments: -
Students record observations when drops of aqueous ammonia are added, then in excess.
Discuss precipitation of metal hydroxides by aqueous ammonia.
Confirmatory tests for various concentrations.
Teacher demonstration
Discussion
Chemical equations of reactions.
Teacher demonstration and discussion.
Write down equations for the reactions.

2 cm Solutions containing various metal ions.
charts
Conc. Ammonium solution
Hot platinum rod
Oxygen.
Granular CuCl2
Combustion tube,
Dry ammonia
U-tube
Gas jar.

K.L.B.
BK III
PP. 152-153

K.L.B.
BK III
P. 158
Longhorn
Book III
PP 219

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Haber process.
Uses of ammonia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify raw materials for Haber process and how they are obtained in large scale.
Discuss the Haber process.
Represent Haber process in a schematic diagram.
To list down uses of ammonia.
To list down nitrogenous fertilizers.

Discussion and explanations.
Teacher elucidates uses of ammonia and nitrogenous fertilizers.

Chart- schematic diagram.
charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 159-160
225-226

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Nitric acid. Lab preparation.
Nitric acid Industrial manufacture.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe lab preparation of nitric acid.
To describe industrial manufacture of nitric acid.

Teacher demonstration.
Write equations of reaction.
Discussion.
Discussion and writing equations.

Retort stand
Conc. H2SO4
KNO3
Chart
Schematic diagram.

K.L.B. BK III
P. 163

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Reaction of dilute Nitric acid with metals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe reaction of dilute nitric acid with metals.
To write equations of reactions of dilute nitric acid with metals.

Class experiment:- making observations and recording them in a table.
Discuss the observations.
Write down equations for the reactions.

Magnesium
Zinc
Copper

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 165-166

Longhorn
Book III
PP 166-8

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Nitric acid and carbonates.
Reaction of dil. nitric acid with hydrogen carbonates.
Dilute nitric acid and metal hydroxides and oxides.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe action of nitric acid on carbonates and hydrogen carbonates.
Write equations for reaction of dil. nitric acid with hydrogen carbonates.
Predict results of reacting dilute nitric acid with metal hydroxides and oxides.

Group experiments: - Action of Nitric acid on hydrogen carbonates.
Discussion and corresponding equations.
Group experiments & writing equations for the reactions.

Solutions of
Na2CO3
NaHCO3
ZnCO3
CuCO3
Metal hydroxides.

K.L.B. BK III
P. 167

Longhorn
Book III
229-30
K.L.B. BK III
P. 168

Longhorn
Book III
PP 238-240

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Reaction of nitric acid as an oxidizing agent.
Uses of nitric acid & nitrates.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe reactions of nitric acid as an oxidizing agent.
To state uses of nitrates.
To describe preparation of nitrates.

Class experiments: -
Explain observations made.
Discussion
Equations for the reactions for preparation of nitrates.

Nitric acid acidified iron sulphate, sulphur, and copper metal.
charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 169-170

Longhorn Book III
PP 239 -240

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Action of heat on nitrates.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To write equations of decomposition of nitrates on heating.

Discuss above observations.
Write relevant equations.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P 172

NITROGEN & ITS COMPOUNDS.

Test for nitrates.
Nitrogen compounds and the environment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To carry out tests on nitrates.
To explain the pollution of nitrogen compounds in the environment.
To state ways of reducing environmental pollution by nitrogen compounds.

Class experiments.
Make observations and deductions.
Discuss the brown ring test for nitrates.
Brief guided discussion.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP 173-174

Longhorn
Book III
PP 243

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Extraction of sulphur.
Allotropes of sulphur.
Physical properties of sulphur. Heating of sulphur.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe extraction of sulphur by Frasch process.
To identify allotropes of sulphur.
To describe preparation of allotropes of sulphur.
To list physical properties of sulphur.

To describe effects of heat on sulphur.

Illustrate and discuss extraction of sulphur.
Discussion and exposition of new concepts.
Class experiment:
Solubility of sulphur in water, benzene, e.t.c,.
Class experiments:
Heating sulphur gently then strongly.
Discuss the observations.

Chart-the Frasch process.
video
charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP.180-181
Longhorn
Book III
PP 126-129

K.L.B. BK III
P.184
Longhorn I
Book III
PP 253-255

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Chemical properties of sulphur.
Uses of sulphur. Sulphur dioxide.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To investigate and describe chemical properties of sulphur.
State uses of sulphur.
Describe lab. preparation of sulphur dioxide.

Group experiments.
Discuss observations.
Write corresponding equations.
Teacher elucidates uses of sulphur.
Teacher demonstration:-
Preparation of sulphur dioxide in a fume chamber/in the open.
Carrying out tests on the gas.

charts

K.L.B.BK III
PP.188-190
Longhorn
Book III
PP 256-8

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Physical properties of sulphur dioxide.
Acidic properties of SO2.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down physical properties of sulphur dioxide.
To carry out experiments to determine acidic properties of SO2.

Discuss the above tests.
Teacher demonstration to verify acidic properties of sulphur dioxide.
Write equations.

text book
textbook

K.L.B.BK III
PP 193
Longhorn
Book III
PP 262-3

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Reducing action of SO2.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To verify reducing action of SO2.

Class experiments: make observations and draw conclusions.
Write balanced corresponding equations.

Experimental worksheets.

K.L.B.BK III
P. 195

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Bleaching properties of SO2.
Oxidizing action of SO2.
Sulphate and sulphite ions. Uses of SO2.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To carry out experiments to determine bleaching properties of SO2.
To explain Oxidizing action of SO2.
To carry out tests for Sulphate and sulphite ions.

State uses of SO2.

Discuss the observations made above.
Write corresponding equations.
Q/A: review redox reactions.
Teacher demonstration: - Lowering magnesium into a jar of SO2; effect of SO2 on hydrogen sulphide.
Discuss observations.
Write equations for the reactions.
Class experiments.
Make deductions from the observations made.
Write (ionic) equations for the reactions.
Teacher elucidates uses of SO2.

Burning magnesium.
Hydrogen sulphide.
Sodium sulphate
Barium chloride
Barium nitrate.

K.L.B .BK III
P. 194
Longhorn
Book III
PP 263-4

K.L.B.
BK III P. 200
Longhorn
Book III
PP 268-9

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Sulphuric acid. Contact process of manufacture.
Properties of conc. H2SO4.
Physical properties of sulphuric acid.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify raw materials for manufacture of sulphuric acid.
To describe the contact process.
Describe properties of conc. H2SO4.
To dilute conc. sulphuric acid.
State physical properties of sulphuric acid.

Discussion using schematic
flow charts.
Writing equations.
Discuss above observations.
Write relevant equations.
Teacher demonstration ? diluting conc. sulphuric acid.
Discuss use of conc. sulphuric acid as a drying and dehydrating agent.

Chart-schematic
Flow charts.
charts
Conc. sulphuric acid.

K.L.B. BK III
PP.201-203
Longhorn
Book III
PP 275-6

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Chemical properties of Sulphuric acid.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To write equations to show that conc. sulphuric acid is a drying and dehydrating agent.
To describe reactions of dilute H2SO4 with metals.

Discussion and explanations.
Group expts. ? reaction of metals with dilute H2SO4, make observations and relevant deductions; writing corresponding equations.

Magnesium, zinc, copper metals.

K.L.B.
BK III P. 206
Longhorn
Book III
PP 276-8

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Dilute H2SO4, carbonates and hydrogen carbonates.
Dilute H2SO4, and metal oxides and hydroxides.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe reaction of dilute H2SO4 with carbonates and hydrogen carbonates.
To investigate reaction of dilute H2SO4 with metal oxides and hydroxides.

Discussion, writing relevant equations.
Class expts.
Observing colour changes.

charts
Oxides of magnesium, zinc, copper.
NaOH Solution.

K.L.B.
BK III P. 208

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Dilute H2SO4 and metal oxides & hydroxides.
Hydrogen sulphide. Preparation of the gas. Reaction of the gas with oxygen.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain reactions of dilute H2SO4 with metal oxides and hydroxides.
To describe preparation of hydrogen sulphide.
To state properties of the gas.

Discussion, writing relevant chemical equations.
Theoretical / descriptive approach.
Writing corresponding equations.
Discuss physical properties of the gas and reaction of the gas with oxygen.

charts

K.L.B.
BK III P. 211
K.L.B.
BK III P. 210
Longhorn
Book III
PP 289-90

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Reaction of the gas with water. Reducing properties of the gas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To write equations for reaction of the gas with water.
To demonstrate reducing properties of the gas.

Writing chemical equations for the reactions.

charts

K.L.B.
BK III P. 212.
Longhorn
Book III
PP 291-2

SULPHUR AND ITS COMPOUNDS
CHLORINE & ITS COMPOUNDS

Sulphur and its effects on the environment.
Lab. preparation of chlorine gas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain environmental pollution caused by sulphur and its compounds.
Describe laboratory preparation of chlorine gas.

Discussion and explanation.
Teacher demonstration ? gas prep. tests on the gas.

charts
Conc. HCl, Manganese (IV) oxide.

K.L.B.
BK III P. 214
Longhorn Book
PP 293-5

CHLORINE & ITS COMPOUNDS

Physical properties of chlorine.
Chemical properties of chlorine ? reaction with water.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State physical properties of chlorine.
To investigate and explain reaction of chlorine with water.

Q/A: Relate the properties to the method of collection of the gas.
Write equations for the reaction leading to formation of chlorine.
Teacher demonstration:
Writing chemical equations.

charts
Moist blue litmus papers.

K.L.B.BK III
P. 220.
Longhorn
Book III
P 301

CHLORINE & ITS COMPOUNDS

Chemical properties of chlorine - Reaction with metals - Reaction with non-metals.
- Oxidizing properties of chlorine.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To investigate and explain reaction of chlorine with metals / non-metals.
To investigate and explain reaction of chlorine with reducing a gents.

Teacher demonstration:
Discussion.
Writing chemical equations.
Group experiments.
Discuss and explain observations made.
Write corresponding chemical equations.

textbook
Expt. Worksheets.

K.L.B.BK III
PP.
224 -225
Longhorn
Book III
PP 303-5

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 226 -227
Longhorn Book
PP 307-8

CHLORINE & ITS COMPOUNDS

Chlorine and alkalis.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To investigate and explain reaction of chlorine with alkalis.

Teacher demonstration: Bubbling chlorine with dilute cold / hot NaOH solution.
Make observations and account for them.

Cold / hot NaOH solutions.

K.L.B.BK III
P. 228
Longhorn Book III
PP 313-4

CHLORINE & ITS COMPOUNDS

Test for chlorides.
Uses of chlorine gas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To carry out tests for chlorides.
To state uses of chlorine.

Class expts.
Discuss observations, results.
Write chemical equations for the reactions.
Teacher elucidates uses of chlorine.

Expt. Worksheets.
Zinc chloride, litmus paper, conc. Sulphuric acid.

K.L.B.BK III
P. 230
Longhorn Book III
PP 318-319

CHLORINE & ITS COMPOUNDS

Hydrogen chloride gas. Lab. prep. Physical properties.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe Lab. prep of hydrogen chloride gas.
To investigate and state physical properties of hydrogen chloride gas.

Teacher demonstration.
Carry out tests on the gas and deduce the properties of the gas.

Sodium chloride crystals, conc H2SO4

K.L.B.BK III
P. 232
Longhorn
Book III
PP 323-4

CHLORINE & ITS COMPOUNDS

Aqueous hydrogen chloride.
Further chemical properties of hydrogen chloride gas.
Large-scale production of hydrochloric acid.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To prepare aqueous hydrogen chloride.
To determine chemical properties of hydrogen chloride gas.
To carry out confirmatory test for hydrogen chloride gas.
Identify raw materials for manufacture of hydrochloric acid in large scale.
Describe the manufacturing process.

Class experiment leading to deduction of chemical properties of hydrogen chloride gas.

Class experiment leading to deduction of further chemical properties of hydrogen chloride gas / confirmatory test for hydrogen chloride gas.
Discussion and giving relevant equations.

Distilled water.
Ammonia solution.
charts

K.L.B.BK III
P. 234
K.L.B. BK III
PP.
235 -223
Longhorn
Book III
PP 327-331

CHLORINE & ITS COMPOUNDS

Uses of hydrochloric acid.
Effects of hydrochloric acid on the environment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state uses of hydrochloric acid.
To explain effects of hydrochloric acid on the environment.

Brief discussion.
Discussion and explanation.
Assignment.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
P. 237
Longhorn Book III
P 331-3

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)

Preparation of ethanol in the lab.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe preparation of ethanol in the laboratory.

Group experiments / teacher demonstration.

Discuss the fermentation process.

Calcium hydroxide solution, sugar solution, yeast.

K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 210-11

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)

Physical properties of alkanols.
Chemical properties of alkanols.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the physical properties of alkanols.
Describe some chemical reactions of alkanols.

Comparative evaluation of physical properties of alkanols.
Q/A & discussion on variation in physical properties of alkanols.
Group experiments/ teacher demonstration to investigate combustion of ethanol and its reaction with metals.
Write corresponding chemical equations.

student book

K.L.B. BK IV
Page 212

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)

Esters and esterification.
Oxidation of ethanol. Uses of alkanols.
Alkanoic (Carboxylic Acids).

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain formation of esters.
Describe the esterification process.

Explain oxidation of ethanol by an oxidizing agent.
State uses of alkanols.
Explain the effects of alcohol on human health
Identify the functional group of alkanoic (carboxylic) acids.
Explain formation of alkanoic acid molecule.

Teacher exposes and explains new concepts.

Assignment.
Q/A: review redox reactions, oxidizing and reducing agents.
Brief discussion: oxidation of ethanol using potassium (VII) manganate or potassium (VI) dichromate.
Write corresponding chemical equations.
Open discussion.
Q/A: review functional group of alkanols.
Brief discussion.

student book

K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 215-6
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 216-8

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)

Nomenclature of alkanoic acids.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Name and draw the structure of simple alkanoic acids.

Guided discovery of the naming system for alkanoic acids.

Chart: homologous series of alkanoic acids.

K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 219-221

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)

Lab preparation of ethanoic acid.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe laboratory preparation of ethanoic acid.

Teacher demonstration: prepare ethanoic acid in the lab.

Brief discussion on preparation of ethanoic acid.

Concentrated H2SO4, potassium manganate
(VII) Crystals, water bath.

K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 221-223

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)

Physical properties of alkanoic acids.
Chemical properties of alkanoic acids.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain some physical properties of alkanoic acids.
Explain some chemical properties of alkanoic acids.

Compare physical properties of some alkanoic acids.
Discuss the difference in physical properties among alkanoic acids.
Group experiment: investigate some chemical properties of ethanoic acid.
Carry out tests and record observations in a table.

student book
Ethanoic acid, universal indicator, sodium carbonate, magnesium strip, ethanol, conc. H2SO4 and sodium hydroxide.

K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 223-4

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)

Chemical properties & Uses of alkanoic acids.
Soap preparation in the lab.
Cleaning action of soap.
Effects of hard / soft water on soap.
Soapless detergents.
Polymers and polymerization.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Write equations for chemical reactions involving acids.
State uses of alkanoic acids.
Describe soap preparation in the lab.
Describe the nature of a soap molecule.
Explain the mode of action in cleaning.
Explain the effects of hard/ soft water on soap.
Prepare soapless detergents in the lab.
State merits of soapless detergents over soaps.
Explain the concepts additional and condensation polymerization as methods of making synthetic polymers.
Identify some products of polymerization.
State merits and demerits of synthetic polymers over natural materials.

Review and discuss the observations above.
Write corresponding chemical equations.
Teacher elucidates uses of alkanoic acids.
Group experiments,
Answer questions based on the experiments already carried out.
Expository and descriptive approaches.
Answer oral questions.
Group experiments: form soap lather in different solutions.
Deduce the effects of hard/ soft water on soap.
Teacher demonsration.
Brief discussion.
Teacher exposes and explains new concepts.
Detailed discussion.
Assignment.

student book
student book
Distilled water, tap water, rainwater, sodium chloride solution.
Calcium nitrate, Zinc Sulphate, etc.

K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 225-7
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 230-232