LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I

Importance of livestock. Livestock types and breeds.
Dairy cattle.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state the importance of livestock.
To define the terms livestock breed and livestock type.
To identify key parts of a cow.
To identify characteristics of dairy cattle.
To describe various breeds of dairy cattle.

Q/A
Exposition: Definition of livestock breeds and types.
Drawing and labeling a cow.
Q/A: Characteristics of dairy cattle.

Livestock products and by-products.
Chart- key parts of a cow.

KLB
Page 116

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I

Breeds of dairy cattle.
Beef cattle.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe common breeds of dairy cattle.
To identify major parts of a beef animal.
To identify general characteristics of beef cattle.

Brief discussion: characteristics, origin of - Jersey, Guernsey, Friesian, Ayrshire, Brown Swiss.
Drawing and labeling a beef cow.

Wall chart: breeds of dairy cows.
Charts- a beef animal.

KLB
Pages 120

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I

Breeds of beef cattle.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe various breeds of beef cattle

Brief discussion: Hereford, Aberdeen Angus, Charolais, and Galloway.

Wall chart-Beef cattle

KLB
Pages 122

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I

Breeds of beef cattle.
Dual-purpose cattle.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe various breeds of beef cattle
To identify dual-purpose cattle breeds (both exotic and indigenous).
To state characteristics of dual-purpose cattle breeds.

Brief discussion: Hereford, Aberdeen Angus, Charolais, and Galloway.
Discuss characteristics of Sahiwal, Red Poll and Zebu (East African Zebu).

Wall chart-Beef cattle
Photographs of dual-purpose cattle breeds.

KLB
Pages 122

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I

Sheep. Breeds of wool sheep.
Mutton sheep breeds.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name the key parts of a sheep.
To name breeds of wool sheep.
To state characteristics of each bread of wool sheep.
To name breeds of mutton sheep.
To state characteristics of each bread of mutton sheep.

Identifying and stating characteristics of Merino sheep, Rambouillet, Suffolk.
Identifying and stating characteristics of the Dorper, Black head Persian sheep, Masai sheep, Somali sheep.

Chart- key parts of a sheep.
Wall chart- Breeds of wool sheep.
Wall chart- Breeds of mutton sheep.

KLB
Page 130

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I

Dual-purpose sheep.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name breeds of dual-purpose sheep.
To state characteristics of each bread of dual-purpose sheep.

Assignment method: Stating characteristics of Romney Marsh, Corriedale, and Hampshire Down.

Wall chart: dual-purpose sheep breeds.

KLB
Page 132

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I

Breeds of meat goats.
Breeds of milk goats.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name and state characteristics of breeds of meat goats.
To name and state characteristics of breeds of milk goats.
To state characteristics of Angora goat.

Highlight the characteristics of: Galla goat, Boar goat.
Highlight the characteristics of: Toggenburg goat, Saanen, Jamnapuri goat, e.t.c.
Highlight the characteristics of Angora goat.

Wall chart- milk and meat goats.

KLB Page 132

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I

Pig breeds.
Breeds of rabbits.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name key parts of a pig.
To identify breeds of pigs and their characteristics.
To name key parts of a rabbit.
To identify breeds of rabbits and their characteristics.

Highlight briefly the characteristics of Large White, Ladrace, Hampshire and others.
Briefly discuss the typical conformation and characteristics of New Zealand White, the California White, the Chinchilla and Earlops.

Chart- Key parts of a pig
Wall chart- Major pig breeds.
Chart- Key parts of a rabbit
Wall chart- Rabbit breeds.

KLB
Pages 122

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I

Chicken breeds.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name key parts of a chicken.
To list characteristics of pure breeds of chicken

Drawing and labelling.
Assignment method:
Leghorn, Rhode Island Red, Australop, Light Sussex, Plymouth Rock, e.t.c.

Chart - Key parts of a chicken.

KLB
Pages 128

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I

Chicken hybrids.
Camel breeds.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state advantages of hybrids over pure breeds.
To identify the two major camel breeds.

Q/A & brief discussion.
Exposition;
Discussion;
Excursion.

Chart - Key parts of a chicken.
Photographs of camel breeds.

KLB Page 129

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Macro-nutrients. Nitrogen.
Phosphorus. Potassium.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify plants macronutrients.
To classify macro-nutrients as fertilizers and liming elements.
To identify role of nitrogen in plants.
To state symptoms of nitrogen deficiency in plants
To identify role of phosphorus in plants.
To state symptoms of phosphorus deficiency in plants.
To identify role of potassium in plants.
To state symptoms of potassium deficiency in plants.

List down macro- elements.
Q/A: Definition of an ion; expose ionic form of elements.
Discuss, giving examples the role of nitrogen and the deficiency symptoms.
Discuss, giving examples the role of phosphorus and the deficiency symptoms of phosphorus.
Discuss, giving examples the role of potassium and the deficiency symptoms.

Yellowish-green / brown leaves.
Purple flowers.
Curled leaves,
Chlorotic leaves.

KLB BK II
1-2

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Magnesium. Calcium.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify role of magnesium in plants.
To state symptoms of magnesium deficiency in plants.
To identify role of calcium in plants.
To state symptoms of calcium deficiency in plants.

Discuss, giving examples the role of magnesium and the deficiency symptoms.

Discuss, giving examples the role of calcium and the deficiency symptoms.

Thin stems with reduced nodulation.

Tomatoes with blossom end rot.

KLB BK II Pgs 4-5

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Sulphur. Carbon, Hydrogen & Oxygen.
Micro-nutrients.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify role of sulphur in plants.
To state symptoms of sulphur deficiency in plants.
To explain the photosynthetic role of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
To identify plants micronutrients and state their roles.
To identify deficiency symptoms of minor nutrients in plants.

Discuss, giving examples the role of sulphur and the deficiency symptoms.
Briefly highlight the role of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in photosynthesis.
Q/A: Compare micronutrients with macronutrients hence define a micronutrient.
Exposition: Teacher gives examples of micronutrients and exposes their roles and deficiency symptoms.

crop leaves
Chart: Macronutrients,
micronutrients,
their ionic forms and deficiency symptoms.

Pg 5

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Classification of Fertilizers. Straight and compound fertilizers.
Nitrogenous fertilizers.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify criteria used to classify inorganic fertilizers.
To distinguish between straight and compound fertilizers.
To give examples of:
- Straight fertilizers.
- Compound fertilizers.
To state characteristics of nitrogenous fertilizers.

Teacher briefly exposes the classification criteria.
Detailed discussion.
Teacher presents the fertilizers and helps students to identify them.
Group experiments- Dissolving nitrogenous fertilizers in water.
Discussion: Other characteristics of nitrogenous fertilizers.
Giving examples of nitrogenous fertilizers.

CAN
ASN
SA
DAP, MAP, Urea.
(NH4)2 SO4

KLB BK II Pg 8

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Phosphatic fertilizers.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state characteristics of phosphatic fertilizers.
To give examples of phosphatic fertilizers.

Group experiment: Dissolving SSP in water and carrying out litmus tests.
Discuss further properties of SSP, DSP, TSP.

SSP
DSP
TSP

 KLB BK II Pg 1-12

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Potassic fertilizers.
Fertilizer Application.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state characteristics of potassium fertilizers.
To give examples of potassium fertilizers.
To describe methods of fertilizer application.

Group experiments: Solubility in water, litmus tests.
Discuss properties of KCl, K2SO4.
Q/A: Teacher elicits responses on methods of fertilizer application.
Brief discussion of the methods highlighted.
Q/A: Advantages and disadvantages of each method.

KCl
K2SO4

PKLB BK II g 11-12

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Fertilizer Rates.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To determine % of nutrient(s) of a fertilizer.
To calculate fertilizer ratio.
To find the amount of fertilizer required per unit area (hectare).

Problem solving and explanations.
Worked examples.
Supervised practice.

chart

KLB BK II Pg 14-15

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Carbon cycle and Nitrogen cycle.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain ways in which carbon / nitrogen is removed / returned to the atmosphere.

Assignment method / Group discussion.

Charts: Carbon cycle
Nitrogen cycle.

KLB BK II Pg 16-20

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Soil Sampling.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define soil sampling.
To state methods of sampling soil.
To describe soil sampling procedures.

Expositions &
Detailed discussion.

Charts: Transverse and ziz-zag soil sampling methods.

KLB BK II Pg 20-22

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS
CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Soil Testing.
Seeds.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define soil testing.
To explain importance of soil testing.
To test soil pH.
To explain effect of soil pH on crops.
To state advantages and disadvantages of using seeds as planting materials.

Q/A: Definition and importance of soil testing.
Q/A: Definition of pH in terms of acidity / alkalinity.
Class standard experiments: Determining soil pH.
Discussion: Optimum pH range for crops.
Teacher broadly classifies planting materials as either seeds or vegetative materials.
Q/A: Advantages and disadvantages of using seeds compared to vegetative materials.

Litmus paper, indicators, pH colour chart.
student book

KLB BK II Pg 22-24

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Vegetative materials.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state advantages and disadvantages of using vegetative materials over seeds.

Q/A: Advantages of vegetative materials over seeds.

vegetative materials & seeds

KLB BK II Pg 28-34

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Vegetative planting materials.
Selection of planting materials.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify plant parts used for vegetative propagation.
To explain factors to consider when selecting planting materials.

Present various parts of vegetative planting materials i.e. bulbils of sisal/ splits of grass/ pyrethrum, banana/ sisal suckers, Irish potato tubers, potato vines, and sugarcane setts.
Detailed discussion with explanations of new concepts.

Bulbils of sisal/ splits of grass/ pyrethrum, banana/ sisal suckers, Irish potato tubers, potato vines, and sugarcane setts.
vegetative materials & seeds

KLB BK II Pg 28-34

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Preparation of planting materials.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain some methods used to prepare planting materials.

Detailed discussion on breaking seed dormancy, chemical treatment, seed dressing and seed inoculation, chitting / sprouting.

vegetative materials & seeds

KLB BK II Pg 35

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Time of planting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain factors to consider in timing planting.
To identify advantages of timely planting.

Q/A and brief discussion.

KLB BK II Pg 38

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Broadcasting method of planting. Row planting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify advantages and disadvantages of broadcasting method.

To state advantages and disadvantages of row planting.

Brief discussion.
Give examples of crops planted by broadcasting.

Q/A: Advantages and disadvantages of row planting.

video

KLB BK II Pg 39-40

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Over-sowing and under-sowing.
Spacing of crops.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To distinguish over-sowing form under-sowing.
To explain the importance of correct spacing of crops.
To explain factors that influence crop spacing.

Brief discussion.
Give examples of such crops.
Q/A and discussion.
Importance and factors.

video
Chart: Average inter-row and intrarow spacing of common crops.

v Pg 40

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Plant population.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To determine plant population in a given size of land.

Q/A: Inter-conversion of metric units.

Worked examples.

KLB BK II Pg 42-43

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Seed rate.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define optimal seed rate of a given crop.
To explain factors to consider in choosing seed rates.

Explanations and detailed discussion.

student book

KLB BK II Pg 43

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Depth of planting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain determinants of correct depth of planting.

Q/A & Detailed discussion.
Field activity: planting crops to the correct spacing.
Supervised field activities.

school farm

KLB BK II Pg 43-44

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Establishing a nursery.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

To differentiate between a nursery and a seedbed.

To explain the importance of a nursery in crop propagation.
To enumerate factors considered when siting a nursery.

Q/A and explanations.
Activity- Establishing a (vegetative) nursery / tea sleeves / sugarcane setts.

School farm.

KLB BK II Pg 46-48

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Nursery management practices.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify important nursery management practices and state their significance.

Q/A and explanations.
Expose new concepts e.g. hardening off.

School farm.

KLB BK II Pg 48-50

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Grafting.
Budding.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define grafting.
To describe methods of grafting.
To define budding.
To describe methods of budding.
To explain importance of grafting and budding.

Teacher demonstration/ illustration of whip grafting, side grafting, bark grafting.
Out - door activity: Students practise grafting.
Teacher demonstrations/ illustrations/ drawing diagrams.
Discussion: Types of budding.

Grafting tools.
budding tools

KKLB BK II LB BK II
Pg 53-55

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Layering.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define layering.
To identify appropriate crops for layering.
To describe methods / types of layering.

Teacher demonstrations/ Illustrations/ Drawing diagrams.
Out-door activity: Carrying out layering.

school farm

KLB BK II Pg 58-60

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Tissue culture for crop propagation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define tissue culture.
To describe the process of tissue culture.
To explain importance of tissue culture in crop propagation.

Teacher exposes new concepts.

Brief discussion on tissue culture.

Suitable crops.

KLB BK II Pg 60-63

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Transplanting crop seedlings.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the process of transferring seedlings from the nursery to the field.
To explain management practices before, during and after transplanting crop seedlings.

Q/A, Explanations and brief discussion.
Activity: Transplanting crop seedlings.

Suitable crops.

KLB BK II Pg 61-62

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Transplanting tree seedlings.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain management practices before, during and after transplanting tree seedlings.

Q/A, Explanations and brief discussion.
Activity: Transplanting tree seedlings.

Suitable seedlings.

KLB BK II Pg 63