GLACIATION

Types of glaciers.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define the terms glaciation and glacier.
Identify types of glaciers.

Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 1164-5

GLACIATION

Processes of glaciation and resultant features.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the processes of glacial erosion, transportation and deposition.

Probing questions &
Drawing illustrative diagrams.

Illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 166

GLACIATION

Glaciation in highland areas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify features formed by glaciation in highland areas.
Describe formation of features by glaciation in highlands.

Exposition & explanations.

Drawing diagrams.

Illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 166-8

GLACIATION

Glaciation in lowland areas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify features formed by glaciation in lowland areas.
Describe formation of features by glaciation in lowland areas.

Exposition & explanations.


Drawing diagrams.

Illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 172-3

GLACIATION
SOIL.

Significance of glaciation.
Soil constituents.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight significance of glaciation.
Define the term soil.
Describe composition of soil.

Q/A and brief discussion.
Q/A: review soil profile, soil structure, etc.
Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 175-6

SOIL.

Soil formation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain processes through which soil is formed.

Q/A: review weathering.
Detailed discussion & illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 195-6

SOIL.

Factors of soil formation.
Properties of soil.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors influencing soil formation.
Identify characteristics of soil.

Q/A & discussion.
Q/A & discussion &
practical activities e.g. determining soil pH; water retention capacity, porosity, etc.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 196-8

SOIL.

Soil degeneration within a locality.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types & causes of soil degeneration.

Q/A: loss of soil fertility.
Detailed discussion.
Fieldwork.

SOIL.

Soil degeneration.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types & causes of soil degeneration in a specific area.

Fieldwork.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 208-210

SOIL.

Agents of soil degeneration.
Effects of soil erosion.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify agents of soil degeneration.
Outline effects of soil erosion.

Brain storming;
Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 210-1

SOIL.

Types of soils: Zonal order.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Identify types of soils of the zonal order.
State characteristics of various types of soils of the zonal order.

Exposition & explanations.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 212

SOIL.

Azonal order.
Intrazonal order.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify azonal order soils.
State characteristics of various types of soils.
Identify types of soils of the intrazonal order.
State characteristics of various intrazonal order soils.

Exposition & explanations.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 213

SOIL.

Soil conservation & management.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify soil conservation & management measures.

Brief discussion & assignment.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 215-8

AGRICULTURE

Factors influencing Agriculture.
Types of Agriculture.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the factors influencing Agriculture.
Identify various types of farming systems and methods.
State characteristics of each type of farming system and method.

Q/A: review various aspects of Agriculture, its importance, etc.
Probing questions on factors affecting Agriculture; biotic, edaphic, economic, climate, etc.
Q/A, detailed discussion.
Cite examples where each type of farming is successful.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 223-8

AGRICULTURE

Tea farming in Kenya.
Sugar cane growing in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major tea-growing areas in Kenya.
State conditions necessary for tea growing.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of tea in Kenya.
Outline some achievements of KTDA.
Highlight some problems facing tea farming in Kenya.
Identify major sugar cane-growing areas in Kenya.
State conditions necessary for sugar cane growing.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of sugar cane in Kenya.
Highlight some problems facing sugar cane farming in Kenya.

Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.
Brief discussion;
Assignments.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 241-8

AGRICULTURE

Maize growing in Kenya.
Cocoa in Ghana.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major maize-growing areas in Kenya.
State conditions necessary for maize growing.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of maize in Kenya.
Highlight some problems facing maize farming in Kenya.
Identify major cocoa growing areas in Ghana.
State conditions necessary for cocoa growing.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of cocoa in Ghana.
Highlight some problems facing cocoa growing in Ghana.

Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.
Oral questions, brief discussion & explanations.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 254-260

AGRICULTURE

Oil palm in Nigeria.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major oil palm-growing areas in Nigeria.
State conditions necessary for oil palm growing in Nigeria.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of oil palm in Nigeria.
Highlight some problems facing oil palm growing in Nigeria.

Brain storming;

Probing questions;

Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 265-269

AGRICULTURE

Coffee in Kenya.
Coffee in Brazil.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major coffee growing areas in Kenya.
State conditions necessary for coffee growing.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of coffee in Kenya.
Highlight some problems facing coffee farming in Kenya.
Identify conditions favourable for coffee farming in Brazil.
Outline problems facing coffee farming in Brazil.

Q/A, brief discussion
& Assignment.
Q/A & explanations & Assignment.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 271-4

AGRICULTURE

Wheat growing in Kenya & Canada.
Horticulture in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify conditions favouring wheat growing in Kenya & Canada.
Identify conditions favouring growing horticulture in Kenya.
Give examples of horticultural crops and their importance.
Describe marketing of horticultural crops in Kenya.
Highlight problems facing horticulture in Kenya.

Q/A & explanations.
Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
277-282

AGRICULTURE

Horticulture in the Netherlands.
Commercial dairy & beef farming in Kenya & in Denmark.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify conditions favouring horticulture in the Netherlands.
Describe marketing of horticultural crops in the Netherlands.
Highlight problems facing horticulture in the Netherlands.
Outline conditions favouring commercial dairy & beef farming in Kenya.
Identify dairy / beef cattle breeds reared in Kenya.
Identify problems facing commercial dairy & beef farming in Kenya and the responses of the government to these problems.

Probing questions & brief discussion.
Probing questions, brief discussion & assignment.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 288

AGRICULTURE

Beef farming in Argentina.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify conditions favouring beef farming in Argentina.
Describe the organization of beef farms in Argentina.

Explanations, probing questions & discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 306

STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA

Age- sex pyramids.
Age- sex pyramids.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term cohort.
Recall steps for constructing an age-sex pyramid.
Construct an age-sex pyramid.

Q/A: review previously studied statistical methods of presenting data.
Examine population census results of age and sex.
Teacher explains construction of an age-sex pyramid.
Supervised practice;
Written exercise.

Census results.
Tabulated data.

KLB BOOK IV

Pg 1-2

STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA

Analysis and interpretation of age-sex pyramids. Advantages and disadvantages of age-sex pyramids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Analyse and interpret age-sex pyramids.
State advantages and disadvantages of presenting data in form of age- sex pyramids.

Charts ? types of age- sex pyramids.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 2-3

STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA

Dot maps/ Distribution maps.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain factors taken into consideration when constructing a dot map.

Expository approach:
Teacher explains significance of dot value, dot size and dot location.
Simple calculations.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 3-4

STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA

Constructing dot maps.
Advantages & disadvantages of dot maps.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Construct dot maps.
State advantages & limitations of dot maps.

Exposition of steps for constructing dot maps.
Practical activity- making dot maps.
Supervised practice.
Review previous assignment.
Brief discussion on construction of dot maps.
Assignment.

Calculators, tabulated data.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 4-5

STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA

Choropleth maps.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Draw a choropleth map.

Teacher exposes and explains new concepts related to choropleth maps.
Written exercise.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 6-7

STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA
LAND RECLAMATION

Advantages & disadvantages of choropleth maps.
Introduction. Irrigation schemes in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages & disadvantages of chloropleth maps.
Define the terms land reclamation and land rehabilitation.
Identify various irrigation schemes in Kenya.

Probing questions;
Brief discussion.
Probing questions related less useful land;

map

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 7

LAND RECLAMATION

Mwea-Tebere irrigation scheme.
Perkerra irrigation scheme.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State factors influencing location of the scheme.
Describe establishment of the scheme.

Probing questions;
Detailed discussion on case study.

map

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 10-11

LAND RECLAMATION

Significance of irrigation farming in Kenya. Problems associated with irrigation farming in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline significance of irrigation farming in Kenya.


Outline the problems associated with irrigation farming in Kenya.

Q/A & brief discussion.



Brain storming;
Q/A & brief discussion.

map

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 12-13

LAND RECLAMATION

Methods of land reclamation. Irrigation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline types of irrigation.

Exposition of new concepts;
Brief discussion.

Map

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 14-15

LAND RECLAMATION

Drainage of swamps & pest control.
Other methods of land reclamation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe drainage of swamps, control of floods & pest control as methods of land reclamation.
Explain other methods of land reclamation.

Detailed discussion with probing questions.
Exposition of new concepts;
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.

map

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 13,15

LAND RECLAMATION

Land reclamation in the Netherlands.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight features of Delta Plan project.
State the benefits of the Delta Plan project.

Expository approach & case studies on Delta Plan project.
Brief discussion on benefits of the project;
Topic review questions.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 20-21

FISHING

Factors influencing fishing.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the terms fishing and fish-farming.
Outline factors influencing fishing.

Q/A and brief discussion on influence of presence of planktons, ocean currents, nature of coastline, capital, market and transport.
Assignment.

Map- ocean currents of Africa.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 22-23

FISHING

Types of fish & Methods of fishing.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of fish.
Outline methods of fishing.
State advantages & disadvantages of specific methods of fishing.

Teacher exposes and explains new concepts related to types of fish and fishing methods.
Probing questions on advantages & disadvantages of each method.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 25-28

FISHING

Major fishing grounds in the world. - Atlantic fishing grounds.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Account for the extensive and highly developed fish farming in the Atlantic fishing grounds.

Discussion on Atlantic fishing grounds.

Illustrative maps.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 28-32

FISHING

- Pacific fishing grounds.
Fishing grounds in Africa.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Account for the extensive and highly developed fish farming in the Pacific fishing grounds.
Identify major fishing grounds in Africa.

Discussion on Atlantic fishing grounds;
N.E. Asia, West America.
Descriptive approach.
Assignment method.

Illustrative maps.
Illustrative maps ? fishing grounds in Africa.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 32-33

FISHING

Fishing in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe marine fishing and inland fishing in Kenya.

Q/A & brief discussion.

Superficial case studies.

Map: drainage system in Kenya.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 35-38.

FISHING

Fish farming in Kenya.
Problems associated with fishing industry in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite significance of fish farming in Kenya and reasons why it should be encouraged.
State advantages & disadvantages of fish farming compared to other farming methods.
Describe establishment of fish farming in Kenya.
Identify problems associated with fishing industry.
Suggest possible solutions to the problems.

Brain storming,
Brief discussion.

Map

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 38-40

FISHING

Management and conservation of fisheries in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline some measures involved in the management and conservation of fisheries in Kenya.

Brief discussion on management and conservation measures.

KLB BOOK IV pg 40

FISHING

Fishing in Tanzania.
Fishing in Uganda.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe marine fishing and inland fishing in Tanzania.
Describe marine fishing and inland fishing in Uganda.

Q/A & brief discussion.
Superficial case studies.

Map: drainage system in Tanzania.
Map: drainage systems in Uganda.

KLB BOOK IV

Pg 40-41

FISHING

Fishing in Japan.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Account for establishment and development of fishing in Japan.

Case study.

Map showing location of Japan.

KLB BOOK IV

Pg 47-48

WILDLIFE AND TOURISM

Distribution of wildlife in East Africa.
Game Parks in East Africa.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the factors influencing distribution of wildlife in East Africa.
Identify major national parks, national reserves and game sanctuaries in East Africa.

Detailed discussion.
Q/A and brief discussion.
Locating Game Parks in East Africa on the map;
Discuss distribution of the Game Parks.

Map: distribution of major game parks in East Africa.
Map

KLB BOOK IV

Pg 50-52

WILDLIFE AND TOURISM

Significance and problems facing Wildlife in East Africa.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline the significance of wildlife in East Africa.
Outline problems facing wildlife in East Africa.
Suggest possible solutions to the problems.

Oral questions;
Explanations and open discussion.

Map

KLB BOOK IV

Pg 54-57