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Physics
Form 4 2025
TERM I
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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
1 1
Lenses
Conveying and diverging lenses
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to
Describe converging lenses
Describe diverging lenses

Using light beams to distinguish between diverging and converging lenses

Diverging lenses
Converging lenses
Source of light beam
screen
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 1-2
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 1
1 2
Lenses
Parts of fair lenses
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the principal focus using ray diagram
Describe the optical center using ray diagram
Describe the focal length of thin lenses using ray diagram

Description of principal focus, optical centre and focal length of a thin lens

Chart showing the parts of thin lens
Graph paper
Diverging lens
Converging lens
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 1-3
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 6-7 
1 3
Lenses
Parts of fair lenses
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the principal focus using ray diagram
Describe the optical center using ray diagram
Describe the focal length of thin lenses using ray diagram

Description of principal focus, optical centre and focal length of a thin lens

Chart showing the parts of thin lens
Graph paper
Diverging lens
Converging lens
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 1-3
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 6-7 
1 4-5
Lenses
Focal length
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Determine experimentally the focal length of a converging lens
Determine the focal length of a converging lens using estimation method

Experiment to determine the focal length of a fair lens

Converging lenses
Screen
Pins
candle
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 2-3
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 17-20 
2 1
Lenses
Images in fair lenses
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Construct the principal rays for converging lens
Construct the principal rays for diverging lenses

Constructing the principal rays for diverging lenses
Constructing the principal rays for converging lenses

Converging lenses
Diverging lenses
Graph papers
Ruler
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 3-6
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 7-12 
2 2
Lenses
Images in fair lenses
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Construct the principal rays for converging lens
Construct the principal rays for diverging lenses

Constructing the principal rays for diverging lenses
Constructing the principal rays for converging lenses

Converging lenses
Diverging lenses
Graph papers
Ruler
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 3-6
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 7-12 
2 3
Lenses
Images in converging lenses
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Locate imaged formed by converging lenses using ray construction method
Describe the images formed in converging lenses

Describing the characteristics of images formed in converging lenses

Graph paper
Geometrical set
Converging lenses
screen
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 5-6
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 7-10 
2 4-5
Lenses
Images in converging lenses
Images in diverging lenses
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Locate imaged formed by converging lenses using ray construction method
Describe the images formed in converging lenses


Locate imaged formed by diverging lenses using ray construction method
Describe the images formed in diverging lenses

Describing the characteristics of images formed in converging lenses

Describe the characteristics of the formed in diverging lenses

Graph paper
Geometrical set
Converging lenses
screen
Graph paper
Geometrical set
Diverging lenses
Screen
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 5-6
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 7-10 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 5
teachers book 3 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 11 
3 1
Lenses
The microscope
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the working of a simple microscope
Explain the working of a compound microscope

Drawing and labeling the parts of a microscope
Describing the work of a microscope

Simple microscope
Compound microscope
Magnifying lens
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 10-11
teachers book 4 pages 1-5 
3 2
Lenses
The microscope
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the working of a simple microscope
Explain the working of a compound microscope

Drawing and labeling the parts of a microscope
Describing the work of a microscope

Simple microscope
Compound microscope
Magnifying lens
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 10-11
teachers book 4 pages 1-5 
3 3
Lenses
The microscope
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the working of a simple microscope
Explain the working of a compound microscope

Drawing and labeling the parts of a microscope
Describing the work of a microscope

Simple microscope
Compound microscope
Magnifying lens
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 10-11
teachers book 4 pages 1-5 
3 4-5
Lenses
The telescope
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the structure of a telescope
Describe the working of a telescope

Drawing and labeling the parts of a telescope
Describing how a telescope works

Telescope
Lenses
Manilla paper
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 11
teachers book 4 pages 1-5
4 1
Lenses
The camera
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the parts of a camera
Explain the working of a camera
Explain the use of lenses in a camera

Describing the parts of a camera
Explaining the use of lenses in a camera

Camera
Charts showing the parts of a camera
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 11-12
teachers book 4 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 33 
4 2
Lenses
The camera
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the parts of a camera
Explain the working of a camera
Explain the use of lenses in a camera

Describing the parts of a camera
Explaining the use of lenses in a camera

Camera
Charts showing the parts of a camera
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 11-12
teachers book 4 pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 33 
4 3
Lenses
Image formation in the human eye
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the parts of a human eye
Explain the function of each part of the human eye

Describing the parts of the human eye
Explaining the function of each part of the human eye

Chart showing the parts of human eye
Model of the human eye
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 12-13
teachers book 34pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 29-31
4 4-5
Lenses
Working of the human eye
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the image formation in the human eye

Explaining the image formation in the eye

Chart showing the image formation in the human eye
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 13-14
teachers book 34pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 29-31
5 1
Lenses
Defects of vision
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the defects of the human eye
Explain the corrections of human eye defects

Describing the defects of the human eye
Explaining the eye defects are corrected

Charts showing eye defects and how they are corrected
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 13-14
teachers book 34pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 31-32
5 2
Lenses
Defects of vision
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the defects of the human eye
Explain the corrections of human eye defects

Describing the defects of the human eye
Explaining the eye defects are corrected

Charts showing eye defects and how they are corrected
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 13-14
teachers book 34pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 31-32
5 3
Lenses
Defects of vision
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the defects of the human eye
Explain the corrections of human eye defects

Describing the defects of the human eye
Explaining the eye defects are corrected

Charts showing eye defects and how they are corrected
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 13-14
teachers book 34pages 1-5
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 31-32
5 4-5
Uniform Circular Motion
Circular motion
Radiant, angular displacement and angular velocity
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define circular motion


Define the radiant measure
Define the angular displacement and velocity
Explain the angular displacement and velocity

Observing and running a hoop
Rotate a stone tied to the end of a rope

Discussions
Experiment

Hoop
String/rope
store

Illustration of angular displacement and angular velocity on a chart
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 18
teachers book 34pages 10-12
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 37-4
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 18-20
teachers book 34pages 10-12
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 37-42
Golden tips Physics pages 34-35
6 1
Uniform Circular Motion
Centripetal force
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe simple experiment on centripetal force
Illustrate centripetal force
Determine the magnitude of centripetal force experimentally

Experiments
Discussions
observations

Pendulum
String
Stone
Round table
Ball/bob
Stop clock
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 20-21
teachers book 34pages 10-12
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 42-47 
6 2
Uniform Circular Motion
Centripetal force
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe simple experiment on centripetal force
Illustrate centripetal force
Determine the magnitude of centripetal force experimentally

Experiments
Discussions
observations

Pendulum
String
Stone
Round table
Ball/bob
Stop clock
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 20-21
teachers book 34pages 10-12
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 42-47 
6 3
Uniform Circular Motion
Centripetal force
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe simple experiment on centripetal force
Illustrate centripetal force
Determine the magnitude of centripetal force experimentally

Experiments
Discussions
observations

Pendulum
String
Stone
Round table
Ball/bob
Stop clock
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 20-21
teachers book 34pages 10-12
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 42-47 
6 4-5
Uniform Circular Motion
Centripetal force
Application of uniform circular motion
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe simple experiment on centripetal force
Illustrate centripetal force
Determine the magnitude of centripetal force experimentally


Explain centrifuge
Explain vertical and horizontal circles
Explain banked tracks

Experiments
Discussions
observations

Discussions
Explanations
Experiments

Pendulum
String
Stone
Round table
Ball/bob
Stop clock

String
Stone
Ruler
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 20-21
teachers book 34pages 10-12
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 42-47 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 22-25
teachers book 34pages 10-12
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 47-53 
7 1
Electromagnetic Spectrum
The electromagnetic spectrum
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe a complete electromagnetic spectrum

Discussions on the charge in wave length of electromagnetic radiations
explanations

charts showing the components of the electromagnetic spectrum
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 37
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 79 
7 2
Electromagnetic Spectrum
The properties of electromagnetic waves
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State the properties of electromagnetic waves

Explaining the properties of each component of the electromagnetic spectrum

Charts showing the properties of electromagnetic waves
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 37-38
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 80-81 
7 3
Electromagnetic Spectrum
The properties of electromagnetic waves
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State the properties of electromagnetic waves

Explaining the properties of each component of the electromagnetic spectrum

Charts showing the properties of electromagnetic waves
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 37-38
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 80-81 
7 4
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Detection of electromagnetic radiations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the methods of detective electromagnetic radiations

Demonstrating and explaining how to detect electromagnetic radiations

Radiation detectors
Charts showing detectors of electromagnetic radiation
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 38-39
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 81
Golden tips Physics pages
175-176
7 4-5
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Detection of electromagnetic radiations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the methods of detective electromagnetic radiations

Demonstrating and explaining how to detect electromagnetic radiations

Radiation detectors
Charts showing detectors of electromagnetic radiation
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 38-39
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 81
Golden tips Physics pages
175-176
8

Midterm exams and break

9 1
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Applications of electromagnetic radiations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the applications of electromagnetic radiations including green house effect

Discussions of application of electromagnetic radiations

Pictures and chart on application of electromagnetic radiations
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 42-45
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 82 
9 2
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Applications of electromagnetic radiations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the applications of electromagnetic radiations including green house effect

Discussions of application of electromagnetic radiations

Pictures and chart on application of electromagnetic radiations
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 42-45
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 82 
9 3
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Applications of electromagnetic radiations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe the applications of electromagnetic radiations including green house effect

Discussions of application of electromagnetic radiations

Pictures and chart on application of electromagnetic radiations
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 42-45
teachers book 34pages 18-20
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 82 
9 4-5
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Problems on C=FX
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Solve numerical problems involving C=fx

Problem solving
Discussions
Explanations
Questions and answers

Questions and answers
exercises
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 45
teachers book 34pages 20-21
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 80
10 1
Main Electricity
Source of main electricity
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


State sources of main electricity
Explain the sources of main electricity

Discussions
Educational trips

Pictures and charts showing sources of main electricity
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 61
teachers book 3 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 117 
10 2
Main Electricity
Power transmission
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to
Describe the transmission of electric power from the generating station
Explain the domestic wiring system

Discussions
Questions and answers

Photos of power transmission
Lines and power substations
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 62
teachers book 3 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 117-122 
10 3
Main Electricity
Power transmission
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to
Describe the transmission of electric power from the generating station
Explain the domestic wiring system

Discussions
Questions and answers

Photos of power transmission
Lines and power substations
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 62
teachers book 3 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 117-122 
10 4-5
Main Electricity
Power transmission
Power consumption
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to
Describe the transmission of electric power from the generating station
Explain the domestic wiring system


Define kilowatt hour
Determine the electrical energy consumption and cost

Discussions
Questions and answers

Discussions
calculations

Photos of power transmission
Lines and power substations

Chats on power consumptions
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 62
teachers book 3 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 117-122 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 63-66
teachers book 3 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 125-128
Principles of physics (M.Nelkon( pages 428 
11 1
Mains Electricity
Domestic wiring
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the domestic wiring system
Describe the domestic wiring system

Discussions
Demonstrations on building wiring
Drawing circuits

Fuses
Wires
Switches
Electrical appliances
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 66-69
teachers book 4 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 125-121-122 
11 2
Mains Electricity
Domestic wiring
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the domestic wiring system
Describe the domestic wiring system

Discussions
Demonstrations on building wiring
Drawing circuits

Fuses
Wires
Switches
Electrical appliances
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 66-69
teachers book 4 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 125-121-122 
11 3
Mains Electricity
Domestic wiring
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the domestic wiring system
Describe the domestic wiring system

Discussions
Demonstrations on building wiring
Drawing circuits

Fuses
Wires
Switches
Electrical appliances
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 66-69
teachers book 4 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 125-121-122 
11 4-5
Mains Electricity
X-Rays
Domestic electrical appliances
Production of X-rays
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain the function of fuse in domestic wiring
Explain the function of a two-way switch in domestic wiring


Explain the production of x-rays
State and explain the properties of X-rays
Distinguish between hard and soft x-rays

Discussions
demonstration

Demonstrations
Discussions
Calculations involving x-rays

domestic electrical appliances

X-ray tube
Charts
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 66-69
teachers book 4 pages 27-29
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 125-122-124 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 80-84
teachers book 4 pages 35-36
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 144-148 
12 1
X-Rays
Dangers of x-rays
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain and state the dangers of X-rays
Highlight the precautions to be undertaken when handling x-rays

Discussions
Explanations

Charts showing the dangers of x-rays
Hospital with x-ray equipment
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 84
teachers book 4 pages 35-36
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 149 
12 2
X-Rays
Dangers of x-rays
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain and state the dangers of X-rays
Highlight the precautions to be undertaken when handling x-rays

Discussions
Explanations

Charts showing the dangers of x-rays
Hospital with x-ray equipment
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 84
teachers book 4 pages 35-36
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 149 
12 3
X-Rays
Dangers of x-rays
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain and state the dangers of X-rays
Highlight the precautions to be undertaken when handling x-rays

Discussions
Explanations

Charts showing the dangers of x-rays
Hospital with x-ray equipment
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 84
teachers book 4 pages 35-36
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 149 
12 4-5
X-Rays
Dangers of x-rays
Uses of x-rays
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Explain and state the dangers of X-rays
Highlight the precautions to be undertaken when handling x-rays

By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to
State the uses of X-rays
Explain the uses of X-rays

Discussions
Explanations

Charts showing the dangers of x-rays
Hospital with x-ray equipment
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 84
teachers book 4 pages 35-36
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 149 
Comprehensive secondary physics students book 4 pages 84
teachers book 4 pages 35-36
Secondary physics KLB students book 4 page 148
13

End term exam

14

Marking and Closing the school


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