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Chemistry
Form 4 2025
TERM I
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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
1

Revision of end of term 3 exam

2 1-2
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)
Alkene isomerism.
Preparing ethene in the lab.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Differentiate between branching and positional isomerism.
To describe lab preparation of ethene.
Discussion and drawing of molecular structures.
Teacher demonstration: - Carry out tests on ethene as students note down the observations in a table.
student book
chart
K.L.B. BK III
P. 113
Longhorn
Book III
PP 158-60

K.L.B. BK III
P 162
2 3
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)
Preparing ethene in the lab.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe lab preparation of ethene.
Teacher demonstration: - Carry out tests on ethene as students note down the observations in a table.
chart

K.L.B. BK III
P 162
2 4
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)
Physical properties of ethene.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe physical properties of ethene and other alkenes.
To discuss physical properties of ethene and other alkenes.

student book
K.L.B. BK III
PP. 116-117
Longhorn Book III
PP 126-129
165-6
2 5
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)
Chemical properties of ethene.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain halogenation and hydrogenation reactions.
Discussion and drawing structures.
charts

KLB BK III
PP. 118-119
Longhorn
Book III
PP 166-8
3 1-2
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)
Alkenes and oxidizing agents.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe reactions of alkenes with oxidizing agents.
Review the double bonds in alkenes.
Review reduction process, oxidizing agent.
Discuss reactions of alkenes with conc. H2SO4, acidified potassium chromate.
Expose hydrolysis process.

charts

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 120-121


Longhorn
Book III
PP 166-8
3 3
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)
Uses of alkenes & Topic review.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down uses of alkenes.
Teacher elucidates uses of alkenes.

Assignment.
charts
K.L.B. BK III
P. 121 Longhorn Book
PP 170-1
3 4
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)
Alkynes. Nomenclature.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify various alkynes.
To name and draw structures of alkynes.
Discuss a table of members of alkynes.
Review naming of alkanes and alkene and compare this with naming of alkynes.
charts
K.L.B. BK III
P. 122-123
Longhorn
Book III
PP 126-129 171-5
3 5
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)
Alkynes. Nomenclature.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify various alkynes.
To name and draw structures of alkynes.
Discuss a table of members of alkynes.
Review naming of alkanes and alkene and compare this with naming of alkynes.
charts
K.L.B. BK III
P. 122-123
Longhorn
Book III
PP 126-129 171-5
4 1-2
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)
Isomerism in alkynes.
Physical properties of ethyne.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw structure showing positional and branching isomerism.
To list down physical properties of ethyne.
Discussion and drawing structures.
Teacher demonstration: Preparation of ethyne.
Deduce properties of other alkynes.
charts
K.L.B. BK III
PP. 124-125
Longhorn
Book III
PP 176-8

K.L.B. BK III
PP. 125-126
Longhorn
Book III
PP 197-80
4 3
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)
Physical properties of ethyne.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down physical properties of ethyne.
Teacher demonstration: Preparation of ethyne.
Deduce properties of other alkynes.
charts
K.L.B. BK III
PP. 125-126
Longhorn
Book III
PP 197-80
4 4
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)
Chemical properties of ethyne.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe combustion, halogenation and hydrogenation processes.
Discussion and writing of equations.
charts
K.L.B. BK III
PP. 127-129
Longhorn Book III
PP 180-184
4 5
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (I)
Tests for alkynes. Uses of alkynes.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe tests for alkynes and state uses of alkynes.
Discussion and explanations.

Assignment.
charts
K.L.B. BK III
P.130

Longhorn Book III
PP 180-84
5 1-2
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Alkanols (Alcohols).
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Identify the functional group of alkanols.

Explain formation of alkanol molecules.




Q/A: review alkanes, alkenes and alkynes.

Teacher exposes new concepts and links them with already known concepts.
student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Page 205
5 3
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Nomenclature of alkanols.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Name and draw the structure of simple alkanols.
Guided discovery of naming system for alkanols.
Draw and name structures of alkanols.
student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 206-8
5 4
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Isomerism in alkanols.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe positional and chain isomerism in alkanols.
Explain formation of primary and secondary alkanols.
Q/A: review the terms positional and chain isomerism.
Brief discussion on isomerism.
Oral exercise: naming given organic compounds.
Written exercise: writing structural formulae for isomers of organic compounds of a given molecular formula.
student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 208-10
5 5
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Isomerism in alkanols.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe positional and chain isomerism in alkanols.
Explain formation of primary and secondary alkanols.
Q/A: review the terms positional and chain isomerism.
Brief discussion on isomerism.
Oral exercise: naming given organic compounds.
Written exercise: writing structural formulae for isomers of organic compounds of a given molecular formula.
student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 208-10
6 1-2
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Preparation of ethanol in the lab.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe preparation of ethanol in the laboratory.
Group experiments / teacher demonstration.

Discuss the fermentation process.
Calcium hydroxide solution, sugar solution, yeast.

K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 210-11
6 3
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Physical properties of alkanols.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the physical properties of alkanols.
Comparative evaluation of physical properties of alkanols.
Q/A & discussion on variation in physical properties of alkanols.
student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Page 212
6 4
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Chemical properties of alkanols.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe some chemical reactions of alkanols.
Group experiments/ teacher demonstration to investigate combustion of ethanol and its reaction with metals.
Write corresponding chemical equations.
student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 213-5
6 5
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Esters and esterification.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain formation of esters.
Describe the esterification process.
Teacher exposes and explains new concepts.

Assignment.
student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 215-6
7 1-2
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Oxidation of ethanol. Uses of alkanols.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain oxidation of ethanol by an oxidizing agent.
State uses of alkanols.
Explain the effects of alcohol on human health
Q/A: review redox reactions, oxidizing and reducing agents.
Brief discussion: oxidation of ethanol using potassium (VII) manganate or potassium (VI) dichromate.
Write corresponding chemical equations.
Open discussion.

student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 216-8
7 3
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Oxidation of ethanol. Uses of alkanols.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain oxidation of ethanol by an oxidizing agent.
State uses of alkanols.
Explain the effects of alcohol on human health
Q/A: review redox reactions, oxidizing and reducing agents.
Brief discussion: oxidation of ethanol using potassium (VII) manganate or potassium (VI) dichromate.
Write corresponding chemical equations.
Open discussion.

student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 216-8
7 4
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Alkanoic (Carboxylic Acids).
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify the functional group of alkanoic (carboxylic) acids.
Explain formation of alkanoic acid molecule.
Q/A: review functional group of alkanols.

Brief discussion.
student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Page 219
7 5
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Nomenclature of alkanoic acids.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Name and draw the structure of simple alkanoic acids.

Guided discovery of the naming system for alkanoic acids.
Chart: homologous series of alkanoic acids.
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 219-221
8

Midterm break

9 1-2
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Lab preparation of ethanoic acid.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe laboratory preparation of ethanoic acid.
Teacher demonstration: prepare ethanoic acid in the lab.

Brief discussion on preparation of ethanoic acid.
Concentrated H2SO4, potassium manganate
(VII) Crystals, water bath.
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 221-223
9 3
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Lab preparation of ethanoic acid.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe laboratory preparation of ethanoic acid.
Teacher demonstration: prepare ethanoic acid in the lab.

Brief discussion on preparation of ethanoic acid.
Concentrated H2SO4, potassium manganate
(VII) Crystals, water bath.
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 221-223
9 4
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Physical properties of alkanoic acids.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain some physical properties of alkanoic acids.
Compare physical properties of some alkanoic acids.
Discuss the difference in physical properties among alkanoic acids.
student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 223-4
9 5
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Chemical properties of alkanoic acids.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain some chemical properties of alkanoic acids.
Group experiment: investigate some chemical properties of ethanoic acid.
Carry out tests and record observations in a table.
Ethanoic acid, universal indicator, sodium carbonate, magnesium strip, ethanol, conc. H2SO4 and sodium hydroxide.
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 224-5
10 1-2
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Chemical properties & Uses of alkanoic acids.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Write equations for chemical reactions involving acids.
State uses of alkanoic acids.
Review and discuss the observations above.
Write corresponding chemical equations.
Teacher elucidates uses of alkanoic acids.

student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 225-7
10 3
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Soap preparation in the lab.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe soap preparation in the lab.
Group experiments,
Answer questions based on the experiments already carried out.



student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 227-230
10 4
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Soap preparation in the lab.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe soap preparation in the lab.
Group experiments,
Answer questions based on the experiments already carried out.



student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 227-230
10 5
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Cleaning action of soap.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the nature of a soap molecule.
Explain the mode of action in cleaning.
Expository and descriptive approaches.
Answer oral questions.
student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 230-232
11 1-2
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Effects of hard / soft water on soap.
Soapless detergents.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the effects of hard/ soft water on soap.
Prepare soapless detergents in the lab.

State merits of soapless detergents over soaps.

Group experiments: form soap lather in different solutions.

Deduce the effects of hard/ soft water on soap.
Teacher demonsration.

Brief discussion.
Distilled water, tap water, rainwater, sodium chloride solution.
Calcium nitrate, Zinc Sulphate, etc.

student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 232-235
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 235-238
11 3
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Soapless detergents.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Prepare soapless detergents in the lab.

State merits of soapless detergents over soaps.

Teacher demonsration.

Brief discussion.
student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 235-238
11 4
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (ALKANES & ALKANOIC ACIDS)
Polymers and polymerization.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the concepts additional and condensation polymerization as methods of making synthetic polymers.
Identify some products of polymerization.
State merits and demerits of synthetic polymers over natural materials.


Teacher exposes and explains new concepts.

Detailed discussion.

Assignment.
student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 238-242
11 5
RADIOACTIVITY
Definition of radioactivity.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define radioactivity, a nuclide and radioactive decay.
Differentiate between natural and artificial radioactivity.



Q/A: Review the atomic structure.
Exposition: symbolic representation of an atom / nucleus.
Exposition: meaning of radioactivity and radioactive decay.
Discussion: artificial and natural radioactivity.

student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 249-251
12 1
RADIOACTIVITY
Alpha particles.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State properties of alpha particles.
Describe methods of detecting alpha particles.
Q/A: position of helium in the periodic table.

Expository approach:

student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 251-253
12 1-2
RADIOACTIVITY
Alpha particles.
Equations involving alpha particles.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State properties of alpha particles.
Describe methods of detecting alpha particles.

Write down and balance equations involving alpha particles.
Q/A: position of helium in the periodic table.

Expository approach:


Q/A: Review atomic and mass numbers.
Examples of balanced equations.
Supervised practice.
student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 251-253
K.L.B. BK IV
Page 257
12 3
RADIOACTIVITY
Beta particles. Gamma rays.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State properties of beta particles.
Define isotopes and isobars.
Write down balanced equations involving both alpha and beta particles.
State properties of gamma rays.
Q/A: Review isotopes.
Expository approach: teacher briefly exposes new concepts.
Examples of equations.
Supervised practice.

Assignment.
student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 251-253
12 4
RADIOACTIVITY
Radioactive Half-Life.
Radioactive decay curve.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term radioactive half-life. Solve problems relating to half ?life
Plot a radioactive decay curve to deduce the
half ?life from the curve.
Teacher demonstration: Dice experiment.
Exposition of the term half-life.
Worked examples.
Written exercise
Drawing a radioactive decay curve inferring the half-life of the sample from the graph.
Dice.
Graph papers.
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 253-4
12 5
RADIOACTIVITY
Nuclear fusion and nuclear fission. Applications of radioactivity.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Differentiate between nuclear fusion and nuclear fission.
Describe applications of radioactivity.
Exposition of new concepts accompanied by nuclear equations.
Brief discussion: Carbon dating, detecting leakage, medication, agriculture, industry; effect of static charges, etc.
student book
K.L.B. BK IV
Pages 259-260

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