Force and energy

Force and Energy: Transformation of energy; Forms of energy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the forms of energy in their environment.
Study the pictures in learner's book 8 involving various forms of energy.
Appreciate the forms of energy in their environment.

In their groups, learners are guided to identify the forms of energy in their environment.
In their groups, learners are guided to study the pictures in learner's book 8 involving various forms of energy.
In their groups, learners are guided to do the tasks in learner's book 8 page 131

What is energy? What are the forms of energy in the environment?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 130-132
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Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Force and energy

Renewable energy sources

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the meaning of renewable energy sources.
Recognise the importance of renewable energy sources.
Appreciate the use of renewable energy sources.

In groups, learners are guided to explain the meaning of renewable energy sources.
In groups, learners are guided to recognise the importance of renewable energy sources.
In groups, learners are guided to give examples of renewable energy sources.

What are renewable energy sources?

Curriculum design; Integrated Science Grade 8
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Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Force and energy

Energy transformations in nature.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the meaning of energy transformation.
Demonstrate energy transformations using locally available materials.
Have a desire to learn more about energy transformation.

In groups, learners are guided to explain the meaning of energy transformation.
In groups, learners are guided to identify energy transformations in nature.
In groups, learners are guided to demonstrate energy transformations using locally available materials.

What is energy transformation?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 132
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Force and energy

Energy transformations using materials in their locality

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the materials needed to demonstrate the energy transformations in a falling object.
Demonstrate the energy transformations in a falling object.
Have fun and enjoy doing the experiment.

In groups, learners are guided to state the materials needed to demonstrate the energy transformations in a falling object.
In groups, learners are guided to outline the procedure of investigating energy transformations in a falling object.
In groups, learners are guided to demonstrate the energy transformations in a falling object.

Which other locally available can you use to demonstrate the energy transformations in a falling objects?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 133
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Force and energy

Appliances whose working relies on energy transformations.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify appliances whose working relies on energy transformations.
Draw the appliances in learner's book 8.
Appreciate the use of appliances whose working relies on energy transformations.

In groups, learners are guided to identify appliances whose working relies on energy transformations.
In groups, learners are guided to draw the appliances in learner's book 8 page 138
In groups, learners are guided to discuss and write the energy transformations that take place when the appliances are in use.

What is the use of an electric heater? What is a diode?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 138-139
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Force and energy

Safety measures associated with energy transformation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Discuss the safety measures associated with energy transformation.
Study the pictures in learner's book 8
Appreciate the safety measures associated with energy transformation.

In groups, learners to discuss the safety measures associated with energy transformation.
In groups, learners to study the pictures in learner's book 8 page 141
In groups, learners to state the importance of observing safety measures associated with energy transformation.

Why is it important to observe safety measures associated with energy transformation?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 141-142
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Force and energy

Application of energy transformation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Read the paragraph in learner's book 8
Make a poster appreciating the application of energy transformation processes.
Appreciate the application of energy transformation.

In groups, learners are guided to read the paragraph in learner's book 8 page 144
In groups, learners are guided to give examples of applications of energy transformation.
In groups, learners are guided to make a poster appreciating the application of energy transformation processes.

What are some of the applications of energy transformation?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 144-147
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Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Force and energy

Application of energy transformation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Read the paragraph in learner's book 8
Make a poster appreciating the application of energy transformation processes.
Appreciate the application of energy transformation.

In groups, learners are guided to read the paragraph in learner's book 8 page 144
In groups, learners are guided to give examples of applications of energy transformation.
In groups, learners are guided to make a poster appreciating the application of energy transformation processes.

What are some of the applications of energy transformation?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 144-147
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Charts
Realia
Computing devices

Oral questions Oral Report Observation

Force and energy

Pressure

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Discuss the meaning of pressure.
Read the discussion in learner's book 8
Have a desire to learn more about pressure.

In groups, learners are guided to discuss the meaning of pressure.
In groups, learners are guided to read the discussion in learner's book 8 page 148
In groups, learners are guided to answer the questions that follows.

What is force? What is pressure.

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 147-149
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Force and energy

Describing pressure in solids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the materials needed to demonstrate and describe pressure in solids.
Demonstrate pressure in solids.
Have fun and enjoy doing the experiment.

In groups, learners are guided to state the materials needed to demonstrate and describe pressure in solids.
In groups, learners are guided to outline the procedure of demonstrating pressure in solids.
In groups, learners are guided to demonstrate pressure in solids.

Between the blunt and sharp pencil, which one easily pierces the carton box?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 149-151
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Force and energy

Describing pressure in liquids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the materials and requirements needed to investigate pressure in liquids.
Investigate pressure in liquids.
Appreciate the importance of pressure in liquids.

In groups, learners are guided to state the materials and requirements needed to investigate pressure in liquids.
In groups, learners are guided to investigate pressure in liquids.
In groups, learners are guided to describe pressure in liquids.

What have you observed from the experiment?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 151-152
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Force and energy

Determining pressure in solids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the materials and requirements needed to investigate pressure in solids.
Investigate pressure in solids.
Appreciate the importance of pressure in solids.

In groups, learners are guided to state the materials and requirements needed to investigate pressure in solids.
In groups, learners are guided to investigate pressure in solids.
In groups, learners are guided to determine pressure in solids.

What have you learnt about pressure in solids?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 155
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Force and energy

Pressure formula in liquids.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the formula to solve numerical problems involving pressure in liquids.
Work out pressure in liquids.
Enjoy solving numerical problems involving pressure in liquids.

In groups, learners are guided to state the formula to solve numerical problems involving pressure in liquids.
In groups, learners are guided to work out pressure in liquids.
In groups, learners are guided to work out the examples in learner's book 8 page 166

What is the formula of working pressure in liquids?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 164-166
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Force and energy

Solve numerical problems involving pressure using formula

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the formula of working out pressure using the formula.
Solve numerical problems involving pressure using the formula.
Appreciate the importance of numerical problems.

Individually, learners are guided to state the formula of working out pressure using the formula, P = HXDXG    Where h- height, d- density, g - gravity.

What is the formula of working out the pressure in solids?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 167
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Force and energy

Applications of pressure in liquids.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the applications of pressure in liquids.
Summarise the applications of pressure in liquids.
Appreciate the applications of pressure in liquids.

In groups, learners are guided to identify the applications of pressure in liquids.
In groups, learners are guided to study the pictures in learner's book 8 page 169.
In groups, learners are guided to summarise the applications of pressure in liquids.

What are other applications of pressure in liquids?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 169-171
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Mixtures, element and compounds.

Structure of an atom.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Define the term atom.
-Describe the structure of an atom.
-Draw the structure of an atom.
-Appreciate the structure of an atom.

In groups or pairs, learners are guided to: -
-Discuss and give the meaning of an atom.
-Use digital or print resources to search for information about the structure of an atom.
-Draw the structure of an atom.

-How is the structure of an important? -What are the components of atoms?

Sportlight
integrated science learner

-Observation. -Oral questions. -Assessment rubrics. -Checklists. -Written tests.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Structure of an atom.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Differentiate between atomic number and mass number.
-Determine the mass number of the first twenty elements in the periodic table.
-Prepare charts showing the mass number of the twenty elements.

-Use digital devices or print resources to find the meaning of atomic and mass numbers.
-Discuss the difference between mass and atomic number.
-Work out the mass number of the first twenty elements collaboratively.

-What is the difference between mass number and atomic number? -How do we Determine the mass numbers of elements?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Written test. -Observation. -Oral questions. -Assessment rubrics.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Structure of an atom.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Define the term electron arrangement.
-Draw the electron arrangement in an atom using crosses or dots diagrams.
-Show interest in drawing electron arrangement in atoms using crosses or dots diagrams.

-Explain the meaning of electron arrangement and energy level.
-Observe the teacher or video clip on drawing electron arrangement in atoms using dots or cross diagrams.
-Illustrate the electron arrangement in atoms using dot or cross diagrams.

What is electron arrangement?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Oral questions. -Observation. -Checklists. -Illustration. -Written questions.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Structure of an atom.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Draw electronic arrangement of the first twenty elements on charts and books.
-Enjoy drawing the electron arrangement of the first twenty elements in periodic table.

-Draw electron arrangement of the first twenty elements using dots or cross diagrams on charts and excises books.
-Display their charts in class and peers to assess them and give feedback.

-How do you Draw the electron arrangement of elements? -What are valence electrons?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

Observation. -Oral questions. -Checklists.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Structure of an atom assessment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Attempt the questions on the sub-strand; structure of the atom.

Answer questions on the sub-strand; structure of the atom correctly.

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Written questions. -Assessment rubrics. -Checklists.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Metals and alloys.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify the physical properties of metals.
-Describe the physical properties of metals.
-Search the internet for more information on the physical properties of metals.
-Appreciate the physical properties of the metals.

-Use digital or print resources to Search for information on the physical properties of metals.
-Identify the physical properties of metals.
-Prepare posters or charts showing the physical properties of metals and Display in class.

-What is a metal? -What are the physical properties of metals?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Assessment rubrics. -Checklists. -Oral questions. -Written questions.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Metals and alloys.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify the physical properties of metals.
-Describe the physical properties of metals.
-Search the internet for more information on the physical properties of metals.
-Appreciate the physical properties of the metals.

-Use digital or print resources to Search for information on the physical properties of metals.
-Identify the physical properties of metals.
-Prepare posters or charts showing the physical properties of metals and Display in class.

-What is a metal? -What are the physical properties of metals?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Assessment rubrics. -Checklists. -Oral questions. -Written questions.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Metals and alloys.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Carry out experiments to Show the physical properties of metals.
-Enjoy carrying out the experiments to Show the physical properties of metals.

-Study the procedure for conducting the experiments on physical properties of metals.
-Collaborate in carrying out experiments to demonstrate the physical properties of metals.
-Observe record and Discuss the observation they made.
-Present their findings for assessment.

Which experiment can one conduct to determine the physical properties of metals.

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Demonstration. -Checklists. -Observation. -Oral questions. -Assessment rubrics.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Metals and alloys.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Define the composition of alloys.
-Identify the alloys in the locality.
-Discuss the uses of common alloys in the environment.
-Appreciate the uses of different metals in the society.
-Enjoy collecting the metals in the locality.

-Discuss about the meaning of an alloy.
-Identify and Collect the alloys found in the locality.
-Discuss and Present the importance of metals in the community.
-Present their findings and Draw different items made of the alloys they collected.

-What is an alloy? -which examples of items are made of metals?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Oral questions. -Checklists. -Written questions. -Assessment rubrics.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Metals and alloys.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify uses of different metals in day-to-day life.
-Discuss the uses of different metals.
-Make flashcards or charts to Show the uses of metals in the society.
-Appreciate the uses of metals in the society.

-List some items made of metals in the locality.
-Use digital or print devices to Search for information on the uses of metals.
-Identify and Discuss the uses of the different metals.
-Prepare flashcards or charts showing uses of different metals.

What are the uses of the different metals in the locality?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Checklists. -Oral questions. -Written questions. -Assessment rubrics.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Metals and alloys.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify the uses of alloys in day-to-day life.
-Discuss the uses of the alloys in day-to-day life.
-Prepare charts and flashcards showing the uses of alloys in day-to-day life.
-Appreciate the uses of the different alloys in day-to-day life.

-Work together to Identify some of the items in the locality that are made of alloy.
-Use digital devices to Search for information on uses of common alloys.
-List and Discuss the uses of the common alloys in the locality.
-Prepare charts or flashcards showing the uses of common metals in the locality.

-What are the uses of common alloys in the locality? -What items are made of alloys in the locality?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Checklists. -Oral questions. -Written tests. -Assessment rubrics.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Metals and alloys assessment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Attempt assessment questions on the sub-strand; metals and alloys.

-Answer the assessment question on the sub-strand; metals and alloys in their exercise books.

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Written questions. -Checklists. -Assessment rubrics.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Water hardness.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify the physical properties of water.
-Describe the -physical properties of water.
-Search the internet for more information on physical properties of water.
-Appreciate the physical properties of water.

-Discuss the physical properties of water and present in class.
-Discuss the physical properties of water.
-Collect and observe water from different sources.
-Compare the water collected in terms of; appearance, odour, taste and boiling point and record the observation made and present it in class.

What are the physical properties of water?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Written questions. -Oral questions. -Checklists. -Observation. -Assessment rubrics.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Water hardness.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-State the meaning of hard water.
-Discuss the properties of hard water.
-Search the internet for more information on properties of hardwater.
-Appreciate the properties of hardwater.

-Discuss the meaning of hardwater and Present in class.
-Use digital or print resources to Search for information on the properties of hardwater.
-Discuss the properties of hard water.

-What is hardwater? -What are the properties of hardwater?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Written questions. -Oral questions. -Assessment rubrics. -Checklists.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Water hardness and softness.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Explain the meaning of soft water.
-Discuss the properties of soft water.
-Search the internet for information on properties of soft water.
-Appreciate the properties of soft water.

-Discuss on the meaning of soft water and Present in class.
-Use digital devices to Search for information on properties of soft water.
-Discuss the properties of soft water.

What are the properties of soft water?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Checklists. -Oral questions. -Written questions. -Assessment rubrics.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Water hardness.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Conduct the soap leather test to Differentiate between hard and soft water.
-Put in group the samples of water into hard and soft water.
-Enjoy carrying out the activity on sampling hard and soft water.

-Collaborate in identifying the materials and steps to follow in conducting the soap leather test.
-Carry out activities to Compare the leathering abilities of various samples of water.
-Observe, record and Discuss their Observation.
-group the samples of water into either hard or soft water and Present in class.

Which test can you carry out to determine hard and soft water?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Checklists. -Demonstration. -Observation. -Oral questions. -Written questions. -Practical activity.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Water hardness.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify different methods of softening water.
-Describe boiling as a method of softening temporary hard water.
-Conduct activity to soften hard water using boiling method.
-Appreciate boiling as one of the methods of softening temporary hard water.

-Outline the steps to follow while drawing shaped blocks in oblique projection.
-the methods of softening temporary hard water in our day-to-day life.
-Use print or digital devices to Search for information on boiling as a method of softening hard water.
-Discuss boiling as a method of softening temporary hard water.

How can one soften temporary hard water in the environment?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Demonstration. -Practical activity. -Checklists. -Oral questions. -Observation. -Written questions.

Mixtures, element and compounds.

Water hardness assessment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Attempt the assessment questions based on the sub-strand; hardness.

-Answer the assessment questions on the sub-strand; water hardness correctly.

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Written questions. -Assessment rubrics.

Living things and their environment.

Nutrition in plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify the external parts of a leaf.
-Describe the external parts of a leaf.
-Draw and label the external parts of a leaf.
-Enjoy drawing and labelling of a leaf.

-Use the hand lens to Observe parts of a fresh leaf of a plant.
-Identify the external parts of a leaf.
-Discuss the external parts of a leaf.
-Draw and label the external parts of a leaf on a chart and in exercise books.

What are the external parts of a leaf?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Observation. -Checklists. -Oral questions. -Drawing. -Written questions.

Living things and their environment.

Nutrition in plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify the external parts of a leaf.
-Describe the external parts of a leaf.
-Draw and label the external parts of a leaf.
-Enjoy drawing and labelling of a leaf.

-Use the hand lens to Observe parts of a fresh leaf of a plant.
-Identify the external parts of a leaf.
-Discuss the external parts of a leaf.
-Draw and label the external parts of a leaf on a chart and in exercise books.

What are the external parts of a leaf?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Observation. -Checklists. -Oral questions. -Drawing. -Written questions.

Living things and their environment.

Nutrition in plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify the internal parts of a leaf.
-Describe the internal parts of a leaf.
-Draw and label the internal parts of a leaf.
-Enjoy drawing the internal parts of a leaf.

-Use digital devices or Study diagrams showing the internal parts of a leaf.
-Identify the different internal parts of a leaf from the diagram.
-Discuss the functions of the internal parts of a leaf and their locations.
-Draw and label the internal parts of a leaf on books and on charts.

Which internal parts of a leaf do you know?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Checklists. -Assessment rubrics. -Oral questions. -Written questions.

Living things and their environment.

Nutrition in plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-State the adaptations of a leaf to photosynthesis.
-Discuss the adaptations of the leaf to photosynthesis.
-Prepare charts showing the applications of the leaf to photosynthesis.
-Appreciate the adaptations of the leaf to photosynthesis.

-Use digital devices or print resources to Search for information on the adaptation of a leaf to photosynthesis.
-Write down their findings in books.
-Discuss the adaptations of the leaf to photosynthesis.
-Discuss the adaptations of the leaf in relation to their roles in photosynthesis.
-Prepare charts showing the adaptations of the leaf to photosynthesis and Present in class.

How is the leaf adapted to ensure photosynthesis?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Written questions. -Checklists. -Oral questions. -Assessment rubrics.

Living things and their environment.

Nutrition in plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify the parts of the chloroplast.
-Discuss the structure of the chloroplast and its role in photosynthesis.
-Draw and label the parts of the chloroplast.
-Appreciate the role chloroplast in photosynthesis.

-Observe the structure of the chloroplast on charts photomicrographs.
-Identify the parts of the chromoplasts.
-Discuss the role of the structure of the chloroplasts in photosynthesis.
-Draw and label the parts of the chloroplast on charts and exercise books.

How is the chloroplast adapted to its function?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Checklists. -Assessment rubrics. -Oral questions. -Written questions. -Observation.

Living things and their environment.

Nutrition in plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Define the term photosynthesis in plants.
-Describe the process of photosynthesis in plants.
-Search the internet for information on the process of photosynthesis in plants.
-Appreciate the process of photosynthesis in nature.

-Use books, dictionary or the internet to Search for the meaning of photosynthesis?
-Use print or digital devices to Search for information on the process and products of photosynthesis.
-Discuss the process of photosynthesis in plants and share their findings in class.
-Watch video clips on the process of photosynthesis.

-What is photosynthesis? -What are the products of photosynthesis?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Checklists. -Assessment rubrics. -Oral questions. -Written questions.

Living things and their environment.

Nutrition in plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify the conditions necessary for photosynthesis to occur in plants.
-Discuss the conditions necessary for photosynthesis to take place.
-Search the internet for information on the conditions necessary for photosynthesis to occur in plants.
-Appreciate the conditions necessary for photosynthesis to occur in green plants.

-Use digital devices or print resources to Search for information on conditions necessary for photosynthesis to take place.
-Identify the conditions -necessary for photosynthesis to take place.
-Discuss the conditions necessary for photosynthesis to take place and Present their findings.
-Prepare posters or charts showing the conditions necessary for photosynthesis to occur.

What are the conditions necessary for photosynthesis to occur?

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Checklists. -Observation. -Oral questions. -Written questions.

Living things and their environment.

Nutrition in plants assessment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Attempt the assessment questions on the sub-strand; nutrition in plants.

-Answer the questions on the sub-strand; nutrition in plants.
-Revise the assessment and correct themselves.

Sportlight
integrated science studies learner

-Written questions. -Assessment rubrics. -Checklists.