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| WK | LSN | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | T/L ACTIVITIES | T/L AIDS | REFERENCE | REMARKS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Principles of classification of living organisms...
Binomial Nomenclature. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain the importance of classification of organisms. Discuss the general principles of classification. Identify major taxonomic units. |
Q/A: To review Classification I.
Discussion of principles of classification of organisms. Q/A: Major taxonomic units. |
Chart- Taxonomic units.
Chart- Examples of generic and specific names of organisms. |
KLB BK III.
PP 1-2. CERTIFICATE PG 1 |
|
| 1 | 2-3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Animal Kingdoms.
Kingdom Monera.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify the five animal kingdoms. State characteristics of members of kingdom Monera. To identify and draw various bacteria. To explain how bacteria affect our lives. |
Expository approach -The teacher will expose the five kingdoms.
Discussion- General characteristics of unicellular and microscopic organisms. Drawing and labeling a bacterium. Q/A: Economic importance of bacteria. |
Chart- Types of bacteria
|
KLB BK III.P 3. CERTIFICATE PG 4
|
|
| 1 | 4 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Kingdom Protoctista.
Organisms with varied forms. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To give examples of members of kingdom Protoctista. To state general characteristics of members of kingdom Protoctista. |
Teacher leads in a discussion.
|
chart
Wall charts. |
KLB BK III.
PP 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 8 |
|
| 1 | 5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Organisms in pond water.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To identify organisms in pond water. |
Examine a drop of pond water on a glass slide under a microscope.
Draw diagrams of organisms observed. Compare the observed organisms with those previously drawn and labelled. |
Microscope
Water dropper Pond water Glass slides. |
KLB BK III. P. 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 10
|
|
| 2 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Kingdom Fungi.
Characteristics of Kingdom Fungi.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To give examples of members of kingdom fungi. To discuss economic importance of fungi. To state general characteristics of fungi. |
Detailed discussion.
Exposition of new concepts/ terms. |
Mushrooms,
Yeast, Bread mould. |
KLB BK III. P 6. CERTIFICATE PG 11
|
|
| 2 | 2-3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Kingdom Fungi.
Characteristics of Kingdom Fungi.
Diagrams of Fungi. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To give examples of members of kingdom fungi. To discuss economic importance of fungi. To state general characteristics of fungi. To draw and label various fungi. |
Detailed discussion.
Exposition of new concepts/ terms. Examine bread mould. Draw and label diagrams of various fngi. |
Mushrooms,
Yeast, Bread mould. Wall charts, Bread mould, Yeast, Edible mushroom. |
KLB BK III. P 6. CERTIFICATE PG 11
KLB BK III. P 6. CERTIFICATE PG 12 |
|
| 2 | 4 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Kingdom Plantae.
General characteristics.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State general characteristics of plants. |
Q/A: Compare plants with the aforementioned kingdoms, and then list down characteristics of plants.
|
|
KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 13
|
|
| 2 | 5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Division Bryophyta External structure of a Bryophyta.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State general characteristics of Bryophyta. To draw and label external features of an identified Bryophyta. To identify features of Bryophyta. |
Teacher leads in a discussion. Students examine moss plant under a hand lens, then
Draw and label the moss plant. |
Moss plant,
Hand lens, Slide. |
KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 14
|
|
| 3 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Division Pteridophyta.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state general characteristics of Pteridophytes. To draw and label external features of Pteridophytes. |
Teacher leads in a discussion on characteristics of Pteridophytes.
Class experiments: To observe a live or preserved fern. To draw and label the fern. |
A live or preserved fern.
|
KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 15
|
|
| 3 | 2-3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Division Spermatophyta.
Features of Spermatophytes. Sub-division Gymnospermatophyta. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state general characteristics of spermatophytes. To identify features of spermatophytes. |
Teacher leads in a discussion on spermatophytes.
Class experiments: To examine a complete specimen of a bean plant with ponds/ maize plant/ a twig of cypress. |
text book
Complete specimens of bean plant with ponds/ maize plant/ a twig of cypress. text book |
KLB BK III. P 9. CERTIFICATE PG 16
KLB BK III. P 9. CERTIFICATE PG16 |
|
| 3 | 4 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Subdivision Angiospermaphyta.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state general characteristics of angiospermaphyta. |
Detailed discussion.
Q/A: Comparing gymnospermatophyta and angiospermaphyta. |
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 10. CERTIFICATE PG 16
|
|
| 3 | 5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Monocotyledonae.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To list down characteristics of Monocotyledonae. |
Class experiments: Examine maize plant/ wheat/ grass/ sugarcane.
Discuss external features of the plants. |
Maize plant/ wheat/ grass/ sugarcane.
|
KLB BK III. P 11. CERTIFICATE PG 17
|
|
| 4 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Dicotyledonae.
Kingdom Animalia. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To list down characteristics of Dicotyledonae. |
Class experiments: Examine external features of bean plant/ black jack/ tea.
Discuss their external features. |
Bean plant/ black jack/ tea.
text book |
KLB BK III. P 11. CERTIFICATE PG 17
|
|
| 4 | 2-3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Phyllum Arthropoda.
Class Crustacea. Class Chilopoda. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state general characteristics of Arthropoda. To list down external features of a crab/ crayfish. |
Q/A: General characteristics of Arthropoda.
Examine preserved specimens of a crab/ crayfish and identify external features. Draw and label diagrams. Discuss their general characteristics. |
Specimens of a crab/ crayfish. A centipede. |
KLB BK III. P 12. CERTIFICATE PG 19
KLB BK III. P 13. CERTIFICATE PG 21 |
|
| 4 | 4 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Diplopoda.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To describe external features of a milipede. |
Examine a milipede.
Draw and label a milipede. Discuss general characteristics of diplopoda comparing them to those of other members of the kingdom Animalia. |
A milipede.
|
KLB BK III. P 15. CERTIFICATE PG 20
|
|
| 4 | 5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Arachnida.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To describe external features of mites, spiders, scorpions, ticks. |
Examine specimens of freshly killed/ preserved arachnids.
Q/A: Differences between arachnids and members of other classes. Discuss general characteristics of Arachnida. |
Specimens of freshly killed/ preserved arachnids.
|
KLB BK III. P 15. CERTIFICATE PG 20
|
|
| 5 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Insecta.
Phyllum Chordata. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To describe external features of common insects. |
Examine live/ freshly killed specimens of ground beetle, honeybee, termite, e.t.c.
List down general characteristics of insecta. Discuss economic importance of insects. |
Live/ freshly killed specimens of ground beetle, honey-bee, termite, e.t.c.
|
KLB BK III. P 15. CERTIFICATE PG 21
|
|
| 5 | 2-3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Pisces.
Class Amphibia. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To draw and label external features of a (tilapia) fish. To compare observable features of a tilapia fish and those of a frog. |
Exposition- Teacher exposes new concepts pertaining to characteristics of fish.
Group experiments- Observing specimens and placing them in their respective classes. |
Chart tilapia fish.
Preserved specimens ? fish, amphibians. |
KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 22
KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 23 |
|
| 5 | 4 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Reptilia.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state general characteristics of reptilia. |
Q/A: Comparing reptiles and amphibians/ aves
Discussion: General characteristics of reptilia. |
|
KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 24
|
|
| 5 | 5 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Aves.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state general characteristics of aves. |
Q/A: Comparing reptiles and amphibians/ aves
Discussion: General characteristics of reptilia. |
Chart- Diagrams of birds.
|
KLB BK III. P 19. CERTIFICATE PG 24
|
|
| 6 | 1 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Class Mammalia.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state general characteristics of Mammalia. |
Q/A: Examples of egg laying mammals, pouched mammals, primates, etc.
|
Diagrams of various mammals.
|
KLB BK III. P 20. CERTIFICATE PG 25
|
|
| 6 | 2 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Dichotomous key.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To explain the rules used in constructing a dichotomous key. |
Teacher exposes features of a dichotomous key.
|
|
KLB BK III. P 23. CERTIFICATE PG 27
|
|
| 6-7 |
Half term |
|||||||
| 7 | 2-3 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Features for identifying animals / plants.
Examples of dichotomous keys. Construction of dichotomous keys. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To list identification features for animals/ plants. To construct a guided dichotomous key of a given number of steps. To use a constructed dichotomous key to identify given specimens. To construct own dichotomous key. |
Teacher exposes features for identifying animals/ plants.
Supervised exercise. Written exercise. Exercise review. |
Chart- Constructed dichotomous keys.
Plants from different families. Different plant species. |
KLB BK III. P 24. CERTIFICATE PG 27
KLB BK III. PP 24-30 CERTIFICATE PG30 |
|
| 7 | 4 |
CLASSIFICATION
II
|
Construction of dichotomous keys.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To construct a guided dichotomous key of a given number of steps. To use a constructed dichotomous key to identify given specimens. To construct own dichotomous key. |
Supervised exercise.
Written exercise. Exercise review. |
Plants from different families.
Different plant species. |
KLB BK III. PP 24-30 CERTIFICATE PG30
|
|
| 7 | 5 |
ECOLOGY
|
Concepts of ecology.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To differentiate between autecology and synecology. Define various concepts used in ecology. |
Exposition- Teacher exposes new concepts and explains their underlying meanings. |
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 33 CERTIFICATE PG36
|
|
| 8 | 1 |
ECOLOGY
|
Abiotic factors in an ecosystem.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To describe various abiotic factors that affect distribution of organisms. |
Detailed discussion of effect of light, temperature, pressure, wind, humidity, salinity, pH on distribution of organisms.
|
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 34. CERTIFICATE PG38
|
|
| 8 | 2-3 |
ECOLOGY
|
Measuring abiotic factors.
Biotic inter-relationships. - Competition. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To measure abiotic factors that affect distribution of organisms. To differentiate between intraspecific and interspecific competition. To interpret graphs representing competition between two species. To define an ecological niche and a habitat. |
Group activities- Measuring temperature, humidity, pH.
Answering related questions. Teacher exposes new concepts. Teacher leads in interpreting graphs showing competition. Q/A: Deductions from graphs. |
Thermometers
pH meter e.t.c. Chart , graphs. |
KLB BK III. P 34. CERTIFICATE PG39
KLB BK III. P 35. CERTIFICATE PG 50 |
|
| 8 | 4 |
ECOLOGY
|
- Predation.
- Parasitism. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To define a predator and a prey. To describe adaptive characteristics of various predators. |
Q/A: Pairs of predators and preys.
Discussion: Adaptive characteristics of leopards, hawks, praying mantis, lions, e.t.c |
text book
Specimens of endoparasites and ectoparasites. |
KLB BK III. P 37. CERTIFICATE PG 51
|
|
| 8 | 5 |
ECOLOGY
|
- Symbiosis and Saprophytism.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To define symbiosis and saprophytism. To explain economic importance of symbiosis and saprophytism. |
Detailed discussion.
Examples of symbiants and saprophytic organisms. |
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 38. CERTIFICATE PG 57
|
|
| 9 | 1 |
ECOLOGY
|
The Nitrogen cycle.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe the nitrogen cycle. Explain importance of micro-organisms in root nodules of plants. |
Discuss flow chart of nitrogen cycle.
|
Chart-Nitrogen cycle.
|
KLB BK III. PP 40-41. CERTIFICATE PG58
|
|
| 9 | 2-3 |
ECOLOGY
|
Trophic levels.
Food chains. Food webs. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To identify various trophic levels occupied by organisms. To describe energy flow in an ecosystem. To interpret food webs. |
Q/A: To review photosynthesis; carnivores, herbivores,
Discuss trophic levels in an ecosystem. Teacher illustrates a food web in a given habitat. Emphasis is laid on direction of arrows. Answer questions derived from food webs. |
Flow chart- Energy flow in an ecosystem.
chart charts |
KLB BK III. PP 40-42 CERTIFICATE PG 43
KLB BK III. P 43. CERTIFICATE PG47 |
|
| 9 | 4 |
ECOLOGY
|
Ecological pyramids of numbers.
Constructing Pyramid of numbers from given data. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To represent feeding relationships and energy flow using pyramids of numbers. |
Q/A: Review trophic levels.
Teacher explains features of pyramid of numbers. |
chart
text book |
KLB BK III. PP 41-42. CERTIFICATE PG 49
|
|
| 9 | 5 |
ECOLOGY
|
Inverted pyramid of numbers.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Give examples where an inverted pyramid of numbers exists; giving reasons thereof. |
Representing inverted pyramid of numbers diagrammatically.
|
Chart- Inverted pyramid of numbers.
|
KLB BK III. PP 43-44 CERTIFICATE PG 50
|
|
| 10 | 1 |
ECOLOGY
|
Pyramid of Biomass.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To define biomass of an organism. To interpret the pyramid of biomass. To construct a biomass from given data. |
Teacher exposes new concepts; then leads in a detailed discussion.
Students construct biomass from given data. |
chart
|
KLB BK III. PP 44-45. CERTIFICATE PG 50
|
|
| 10 | 2-3 |
ECOLOGY
|
Population.
Quadrat method of estimating population. Quadrat method of estimating population. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To describe some characteristics of populations. To explain factors affecting population growth rate. To estimate population using quadrat method. |
Q/A: Definition of population.
Discuss population density, dispersion and growth. Q/A: Factors affecting population growth rate; including food availability, space, diseases such as HIV/AIDS, pests, e.t.c. Students? outdoor activity- Estimating population using standard quadrats. |
text book
Standard quadrats. |
KLB BK III. P 46. CERTIFICATE PG 60
KLB BK III. PP 46-47. CERTIFICATE PG 62 |
|
| 10 | 4 |
ECOLOGY
|
Line - transect method of estimating population.
Belt transect method of estimating population. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To describe the line transect method of population. To suggest limitations of line transect method of population. |
Teacher explains procedure of line transect method of population.
Q/A: Students suggest limitations of line transect method of population. |
text book
Tape measure, quadrats, pegs, thermometer, pH indicator, e.t.c |
KLB BK III.
PP 47-48. CERTIFICATE PG 63 |
|
| 10 | 5 |
ECOLOGY
|
Capture-recapture method.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To describe capture-recapture method of estimating population. To suggest limitations of capture-recapture method. To estimate population size using capture-recapture method. |
Detailed discussion and explanations.
Q/A: Assumptions made in this method, limitations of the method. Worked examples. |
specimen
|
KLB BK III. PP 48-49. CERTIFICATE PG 61
|
|
| 11 | 1 |
ECOLOGY
|
Xerophytes.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state characteristics of dry habitats. To identify adaptations of xerophytes to their habitats. |
Q/A: Characteristics of dry habitats.
Discussion: Adaptations of xerophytes to dry habitats. |
Specimens of xerophytes.
|
KLB BK III. P 50. CERTIFICATE PG 64
|
|
| 11 | 2-3 |
ECOLOGY
|
Mesophytes.
Hydrophytes. Halophytes. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state characteristics of habitats of mesophytes. To explain adaptations of mesophytes to their habitats. To state characteristics of habitats of halophytes. To explain adaptations of halophytes to their habitats. |
Q/A: Characteristics of habitats where mesophytes thrive.
Discussion: Adaptations of mesophytes to their habitats. Q/A: Characteristics of dry habitats. Discussion: Adaptations of dry habitats. |
Specimens of mesophytes.
Specimens of hydrophytes. Specimens of halophytes. |
KLB BK III. P 51. CERTIFICATE PG 69
KLB BK III. P 52. CERTIFICATE PG 68 |
|
| 11 | 4 |
ECOLOGY
|
Halophytes.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To state characteristics of habitats of halophytes. To explain adaptations of halophytes to their habitats. |
Q/A: Characteristics of dry habitats.
Discussion: Adaptations of dry habitats. |
Specimens of halophytes.
|
KLB BK III. P 52. CERTIFICATE PG 68
|
|
| 11 | 5 |
ECOLOGY
|
Adaptive features of plants.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
|
Group experiments- Students examine given specimens and suggest their habitats.
Identify adaptive features. |
Xerophytes Mesophytes
Hydrophytes Hand lenses. |
KLB BK III. P 50. CERTIFICATE PG 69
|
|
| 12 | 1 |
ECOLOGY
|
Pollution and its effects.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To define pollution, pollutants. To explain effects of pollution on human beings and other organisms. |
Discussion punctuated with Q/A.
|
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 55. CERTIFICATE PG 70
|
|
| 12 | 2-3 |
ECOLOGY
|
Air pollution.
Water pollution. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To identify causes and effects of air pollution. To suggest control measures of air pollution. To identify causes and effects of water pollution. To suggest control measures of water pollution. |
Detailed discussion & probing questions.
Detailed discussion & Q/A. |
topic related video
video of water pollution |
KLB BK III. PP 56-59. CERTIFICATE PG 70
KLB BK III. P 60. CERTIFICATE PG 77 |
|
| 12 | 4 |
ECOLOGY
|
Soil pollution.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To identify causes and effects of soil pollution. To suggest control measures of soil pollution. |
Detailed discussion & Q/A.
|
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 62. CERTIFICATE PG 80
|
|
| 12 | 5 |
ECOLOGY
|
Radioactive emissions.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To identify effects of radioactive emissions. To state uses of nuclear energy. |
Brief discussion on radioactive emissions and nuclear energy
|
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 62. CERTIFICATE PG 72
|
|
| 13 | 1 |
ECOLOGY
|
Human diseases.
Typhoid & cholera.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To identify disease predisposing factors. To describe causative agents, symptoms, prevention of bacterial diseases. |
Detailed discussion with probing questions.
|
text book
|
KLB BK III. P 63. CERTIFICATE PG 82
|
|
| 13 | 2-3 |
ECOLOGY
|
Protozoan diseases.
Prevention and control of protozoan diseases. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To identify causal agents, symptoms, prevention and treatment of amoebic dysentery and malaria. To explain methods of preventing and controlling protozoan diseases. |
Detailed discussion, Q/A.
|
magazine
|
KLB BK III. PP 66. CERTIFICATE PG 83
CERTIFICATE PG 83 |
|
| 13 | 4 |
ECOLOGY
|
Ascaris lumbricoides.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To identify adaptive features of Ascaris lumbricoides. To state and explain effects of a parasite on the host. To suggest preventive and control measures. |
Group activities: Students examine preserved specimens of Ascaris lumbricoides and identify some adaptive features.
Detailed discussion. |
Preserved specimens of Ascaris lumbricoides.
|
KLB BK III. P 67. CERTIFICATE PG 87
|
|
| 13 | 5 |
ECOLOGY
|
Bilharzia.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To identify causal and transmission agents of bilharzia. To describe effects of the parasite on its host. To identify adaptive features of schistosoma. |
Brief discussion
Q/A: Effects on host and control measures. |
chart
|
KLB BK III. P 69. CERTIFICATE PG 86
|
|
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