Nutrition in plants and animals

Structure of a tooth
Dental diseases Dental carries and periodontal diseases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Describe the structure of the tooth
Draw the vertical section through the incisor tooth and the molar tooth

Description
Drawing and labelling

Chalkboard. Chalks. 

KLB Biology book one page 75-76
Explore biology book one

Nutrition in plants and animals

Dental hygiene

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Describe what is meant by the term dental hygiene
Explain the measures to observe for proper care of the teeth

Description
Explanations
Questions

Chalkboard.  Chalks.

KLB Biology book one page 78

Nutrition in plants and animals

Digestive system in animals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Describe the digestive system and its components
Draw and label the structure of the alimentary canal

Description drawing and labelling
Questions

Chalkboard. Chalks.

KLB Biology book one page 78

Nutrition in plants and animals

Digestive system in animals
Food processing along the digestive tract

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Describe the digestive system of the carnivores, herbivores and omnivores
Draw and label a transverse section of the gut wall of a mammal

Drawing and labelling
Description
Questions and answers

Chalkboard. Chalks

KLB Biology book one page 79
Explore biology book one

Nutrition in plants and animals

Digestion in the mouth

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Distinguish between ingestion and mastication
Describe the mastication process
Describe the three pairs of the salivary glands in the mouth
Describe digestion process in the mouth
Define the term peristalsis
Illustrate diagrammatically peristalsis process

Description
Explanations
discussions

Chalkboard.  Chalks 

KLB Biology book one page 79-80
Explore biology book one

Nutrition in plants and animals

Digestion in the stomach

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the digestion process in the stomach
Name the components of the gastric juice
Describe the role of the components of gastric juice in the food digestion

Explanation
Description
Questions and answer

Chalkboard. Chalks.

KLB Biology book one page 80
Explore biology book one

Nutrition in plants and animals

Digestion in the duodenum
Emulsification of the fat

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Describe the process of the food digestion in the duodenum
Name the secretions organs of the liver and their functions
Explain the components of the pancreatic juice and their role in digestion

Description
Explanation
Questions and answer

Sodium hydrogen carbonate solution
Cooking oil, water, test tubes, ruler and measuring cylinder

KLB Biology book one page 81

Nutrition in plants and animals

Digestion in the ileum

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Describe the digestion process in the ileum
Name the four enzymes present in the succus entericus
Explain the role of the intestinal juice in food digestion in the ileum

Description
Explanation
Questions and answer

Chalkboard.  Chalks 

KLB Biology book one page 81-82
Explore biology book one

Nutrition in plants and animals

Absorption

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Describe what is absorption
Explain the adaptation of the ileum to food absorption
Draw and label the structure of the villi

Description
Explanation
Drawing and labelling

Chalkboard. chalks

KLB Biology book one page 83-84
Explore biology book one

Nutrition in plants and animals

Assimilation
Vitamins

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Describe what happens in the caecum and appendix
Explain what is assimilation
Explain how different food types are assimilated or utilized in the body

Description
Explanation
Questions

Chalkboard. Chalks

KLB Biology book one page 84

Nutrition in plants and animals

Mineral salts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Describe the mineral salts and their role in the human body
Explain the given mineral salts elements and their sources
Give examples of the important mineral salts in the human body

Description
Explanation
Questions and answers

Chalkboard. Chalks

KLB Biology book one page 87
Explore biology book one

Nutrition in plants and animals

Energy requirements in human beings

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the role of roughage in the human body
Name the factors that affect energy requirements in human beings
Describe how the named factors influence energy requirements in the human beings

Explanation
Description
Questions

Chalkboard. Chalks

Explore biology book one
KLB Biology book one page 88-89

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Introduction. Transport in plants Transport in simple plants.
External structure of the root.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define transport.

Explain importance of transport in plants and animals.
Describe transport in simple plants.

Q/A and discussion;
Discuss transport in simple animals and plants e.g. mosses.

Tap root, bean / pea seedlings.
Petri-dish
Razor blade.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 1

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Internal structure of the root.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Relate the internal structure of a root to its functions.

Drawing and labeling diagrams of sections of roots and root hairs for monocotyledon and dicotyledonous roots.
Discuss functions of the labeled parts.

Permanent slides of roots,
microscope, wallchart.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 2-4

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Structure and functions of the stem.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe structural organization of stems.
To state primary functions of the stem.

Observing permanent stem slides under a microscope.

Detailed discussion.

Chalkboard chalks 

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 5

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Internal structure of the stem.
Absorption of water and mineral salts.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw and label internal stem structures.

Drawing and labeling transverse sections of stems.

Wall charts - Internal structure of the stem.
Wall charts ?
Root hairs.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 5- 7

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Significance and types of Transpiration.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain significance of transpiration.
To state and explain types of transpiration.

Probing questions,
Discussion,
Explanations.

Wall charts ?
Internal structure of a leaf.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 9-10, 12

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Factors affecting rate of transpiration.
The Xylem tissue. Forces involved in transport of water and mineral salts.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state and explain factors affecting transpiration.

Q/A:
Discussion
Explanations
Drawing diagrams.

Chalkboard chalk
Wall charts-The xylem tissue.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 12- 14

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Rates of transpiration on leaf surfaces.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe simple experiments to show rates of transpiration on leaf surfaces.

Discuss above observations.
Draw graphs to show rates of transpiration on leaf surfaces.
Answer questions.

Chalkboard chalks 

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 18

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Translocation of organic compounds.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define translocation.
To describe the structure of phloem tissue.

Q/A: To review photosynthesis.
Discussion and explanations of structure of phloem tissue.
Drawing and labeling phloem tissue.

Chart - phloem tissue. Chalks chalkboard 

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 17

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Transport in Animals. Open and closed circulatory systems. Open circulatory system in insects.
Single and double circulatory systems.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



To differentiate between open and closed circulatory systems.

To discuss open circulatory system in insects.

Exposition and discussion.

Drawing and labeling diagrams.

Charts- Circulatory systems.
Chart- Mammalian double circulation system.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 18 - 19

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

The mammalian heart ? external structure.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the external structure of the heart.

Exposition; Identifying compartments of the heart.

Chalkboard chalks 

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 21 - 22

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Internal structure of mammalian heart.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Draw compartments of the heart and label major parts.

Drawing and labeling a diagram of a mammalian heart.

Chalkboard chalks wallcharts.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 22 -23

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Pumping mechanism of the heart.
Pulse rate.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To differentiate between systolic and diastolic heart movements.

Discussion and Explanations.
Experiment- To investigate pulse rate at the wrist.
Record number of pulses before and after an exercise.

Stopwatches.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 23 - 24

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Structure of arteries. Major arteries.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of arteries.

To identify major arteries in the circulatory system.

Discussion
Drawing and labeling internal structure of an artery.

Chart- cross-section of an artery.
Chart-circulatory system.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 25

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Veins.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of veins.
To explain the need for valves in veins.
To state differences between veins and arteries.

Drawing and labeling diagram of an artery.
Discussion and explanations.

Chart-
cross-sections of major blood vessels in the body.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 27-29

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Capillaries.
Diseases and defects of the circulatory system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of capillaries.
To explain the role of capillaries in transport

Discussion of various diseases and defects of the circulatory system.
Suggest methods of prevention and control.

Chalkboard chalks 

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 25-26

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Composition of blood. The plasma.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state the constituents of blood plasma.
To identify functions of plasma.

Detailed discussion and explanations.

Chalkboard chalks 

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 32 - 33

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Red blood cells.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state the functions of red blood cells.
To explain the functions of haemoglobin in r.b.c.

Detailed discussion and explanations.

Wall charts. Chalkboard chalks 

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 33 - 34

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

White blood cells.
Platelets.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of white blood cells.
To state functions of white blood cells.

Detailed discussion and explanations.

Chalkboard chalks 

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 34 - 35

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Blood clotting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the blood clotting process.

To explain importance of blood clotting.

Exposition of new concepts.
Detailed discussion.

Blood smear, microscope. Chalkboard chalks 

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Page 36

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Blood groups, Antigens and antibodies.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify the four blood groups.
To identify compatible blood groups.

Completing a table of blood groups and the corresponding antigens and antibodies present.

Chart-
blood groups, antigens and antibodies. Chalkboard chalks 

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages

TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Blood transfusion.
The Rhesus factor.
Lymph.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define blood transfusion.
To identify compatible blood groups.
To identify the universal donor and universal recipient.

Q/A: Identifying compatible blood groups.
Completing a table of compatible blood groups.
Review blood groups, antigens and antibodies.
Exposition, discussion and explanations.

Blood transfusion resource person.
text book
Chart- the lymphatic system. Chalkboard chalks 

K.L.B. BOOK 2
Pages 30 - 31