Force and energy

Energy transformations using materials in their locality
Appliances whose working relies on energy transformations.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the materials needed to demonstrate the energy transformations in a simple steam-driven turbine.
Demonstrate the energy transformations in a simple steam-driven turbine.
Have fun and enjoy doing the experiment.


Identify appliances whose working relies on energy transformations.
Draw the appliances in learner's book 8.
Appreciate the use of appliances whose working relies on energy transformations.

In groups, learners are guided to state the materials needed to demonstrate the energy transformations in a simple steam-driven turbine.
In groups, learners are guided to outline the procedure of investigating energy transformations in a simple steam-driven turbine.
In groups, learners are guided to demonstrate the energy transformations in a simple steam-driven turbine.

In groups, learners are guided to identify appliances whose working relies on energy transformations.
In groups, learners are guided to draw the appliances in learner's book 8 page 138
In groups, learners are guided to discuss and write the energy transformations that take place when the appliances are in use.

Which other locally available can you use to demonstrate the energy transformations in a simple steam-driven turbine?
What is the use of an electric heater? What is a diode?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 135-138
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Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 138-139
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Force and energy

Digital Activity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Use their digital devices, learners to search the internet for information on dangers associated with energy transformation and strategies of preventing them.
Write down their findings.
Appreciate the use of digital devices.

As a class, learners are guided to use their digital devices, learners to search the internet for information on dangers associated with energy transformation and strategies of preventing them.
As a class, learners are guided to write down their findings.
In groups, learners to share their findings with their classmates.

What have you learnt about the dangers associated with energy transformation?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 139
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Force and energy

Safety measures associated with energy transformation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Discuss the safety measures associated with energy transformation.
Study the pictures in learner's book 8
Appreciate the safety measures associated with energy transformation.

In groups, learners to discuss the safety measures associated with energy transformation.
In groups, learners to study the pictures in learner's book 8 page 141
In groups, learners to state the importance of observing safety measures associated with energy transformation.

Why is it important to observe safety measures associated with energy transformation?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 141-142
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Force and energy

Safety measures associated with energy transformation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Read the report in learner's book 8
Demonstrate the steps to follow when lighting a gas cooker.
Appreciate the importance of preventing dangers associated with energy transformation.

In groups, learners are guided to read the report in learner's book 8 page 142
In groups, learners are guided to list the dangers associated with the energy transformations processes and state their preventive measures.
In groups, learners are guided to demonstrate the steps to follow when lighting a gas cooker.

What are some of the preventive measures against the dangers associated with energy transformation?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 142-144
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Force and energy

Application of energy transformation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Read the paragraph in learner's book 8
Make a poster appreciating the application of energy transformation processes.
Appreciate the application of energy transformation.

In groups, learners are guided to read the paragraph in learner's book 8 page 144
In groups, learners are guided to give examples of applications of energy transformation.
In groups, learners are guided to make a poster appreciating the application of energy transformation processes.

What are some of the applications of energy transformation?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 144-147
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Force and energy

Pressure

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Discuss the meaning of pressure.
Read the discussion in learner's book 8
Have a desire to learn more about pressure.

In groups, learners are guided to discuss the meaning of pressure.
In groups, learners are guided to read the discussion in learner's book 8 page 148
In groups, learners are guided to answer the questions that follows.

What is force? What is pressure.

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 147-149
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Force and energy

Describing pressure in solids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the materials needed to demonstrate and describe pressure in solids.
Demonstrate pressure in solids.
Have fun and enjoy doing the experiment.

In groups, learners are guided to state the materials needed to demonstrate and describe pressure in solids.
In groups, learners are guided to outline the procedure of demonstrating pressure in solids.
In groups, learners are guided to demonstrate pressure in solids.

Between the blunt and sharp pencil, which one easily pierces the carton box?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 149-151
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Force and energy

Describing pressure in liquids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the materials and requirements needed to investigate pressure in liquids.
Investigate pressure in liquids.
Appreciate the importance of pressure in liquids.

In groups, learners are guided to state the materials and requirements needed to investigate pressure in liquids.
In groups, learners are guided to investigate pressure in liquids.
In groups, learners are guided to describe pressure in liquids.

What have you observed from the experiment?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 151-152
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Force and energy

To describe pressure in liquids using glass tubes and balloons
To describe pressure in liquids using a tin.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the materials and requirements needed to investigate pressure in liquids using glass tubes and balloons.
Investigate pressure in liquids using glass tubes and balloons.
Have fun and enjoy conducting the experiment.


State the materials and requirements needed to investigate pressure in liquids using a tin.
Investigate pressure in liquids using a tin.
Appreciate the importance of pressure in liquids.

In groups, learners are guided to state the materials and requirements needed to investigate pressure in liquids using glass tubes and balloons.
In groups, learners are guided to investigate pressure in liquids using glass tubes and balloons.
In groups, learners are guided to describe pressure in liquids using glass tubes and balloons.

In groups, learners are guided to state the materials and requirements needed to investigate pressure in liquids using a tin.
In groups, learners are guided to investigate pressure in liquids using a tin.
In groups, learners are guided to describe pressure in liquids using a tin.

What have you observed from the experiment?
How do you describe pressure in liquids?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 152-153
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Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 153-154
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Force and energy

Determining pressure in solids and liquids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the formula of pressure, P
Work out SI unit of pressure.
Have a desire to learn more about pressure in solids.

In groups, learners are guided to state the formula of pressure, P
In groups, learners are guided to explain the meaning of SI unit of force.
In groups, learners are guided to work out SI unit of pressure.

What is the formula of pressure?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 154
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Force and energy

Determining pressure in solids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the materials and requirements needed to investigate pressure in solids.
Investigate pressure in solids.
Appreciate the importance of pressure in solids.

In groups, learners are guided to state the materials and requirements needed to investigate pressure in solids.
In groups, learners are guided to investigate pressure in solids.
In groups, learners are guided to determine pressure in solids.

What have you learnt about pressure in solids?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 155
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Force and energy

To determine pressure in a regular solid

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the materials and requirements needed to determine pressure in a regular solid.
Investigate pressure in a regular solid.
Have fun and enjoy the experiment.

In groups, learners are guided to state the materials and requirements needed to determine pressure in a regular solid.
In groups, learners are guided to investigate pressure in a regular solid.
In groups, learners are guided to calculate the pressure exerted by each surface area using the formula.

Relate the area of the faces with pressure they have calculated. What do you notice?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 155-157
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Force and energy

To determine pressure in similar solids.
Determining pressure in liquids; Using a tin to investigate variation of pressure in liquids.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the materials and requirements needed to investigate pressure in similar solids.
Investigate pressure in similar solids.
Appreciate the importance of pressure in similar solids.


State the materials and requirements needed to investigate variation of pressure in liquids.
Investigate variation of pressure in liquids.
Appreciate the importance of variation of pressure in liquids.

In groups, learners are guided to state the materials and requirements needed to investigate pressure in similar solids.
In groups, learners are guided to investigate pressure in similar solids.
In groups, learners are guided to copy and complete the table in learner's book 8 page 158

In groups, learners are guided to state the materials and requirements needed to investigate variation of pressure in liquids.
In groups, learners are guided to investigate variation of pressure in liquids.
In groups, learners are guided to copy and complete the table in learner's book 8 page 160

Relate the weight of the blocks of wood with the calculated pressure. What do you notice?
What is variation of pressure?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 157-158
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Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 158-160
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Force and energy

To investigate the relationship of pressure in liquids to its depth and density using a tall glass jar.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the materials and requirements needed to investigate the relationship of pressure in liquids to its depth and density using a tall glass jar.
Investigate the relationship of pressure in liquids to its depth and density using a tall glass jar.
Appreciate the importance of pressure in liquids to its depth and density using a tall glass jar.

In groups, learners are guided to state the materials and requirements needed to investigate the relationship of pressure in liquids to its depth and density using a tall glass jar.
In groups, learners are guided to investigate the relationship of pressure in liquids to its depth and density using a tall glass jar.
In groups, learners are guided to discuss their observations with their classmates.

What is the relationship of pressure in liquids to its depth and density?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 160-161
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Force and energy

Solving numerical problems involving pressure.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the formula to solve numerical problems involving pressure in solids.
Work out the surface area of the smallest face in m

In groups, learners are guided to state the formula to solve numerical problems involving pressure in solids.

In groups, learners are guided to work out the surface area of the smallest face in m

What is the surface area of the smallest face in m

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 161-163
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Force and energy

Solving numerical problems involving pressure.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the formula to solve numerical problems involving pressure in solids.
Work out the surface area of the smallest face in m

In groups, learners are guided to state the formula to solve numerical problems involving pressure in solids.

In groups, learners are guided to work out the surface area of the smallest face in m

What is the surface area of the smallest face in m

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 161-163
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Force and energy

Solving numerical problems involving pressure using a formula
Pressure formula in liquids.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the formula of working out pressure
Solve numerical problems involving pressure using the formula.
Enjoy solving numerical problems involving pressure using the formula.


State the formula to solve numerical problems involving pressure in liquids.
Work out pressure in liquids.
Enjoy solving numerical problems involving pressure in liquids.

Individually, learners are guided to state the formula of working out pressure
Individually, learners are guided to solve numerical problems involving pressure using the formula.
Individually, learners are guided to show their work to their teacher.

In groups, learners are guided to state the formula to solve numerical problems involving pressure in liquids.
In groups, learners are guided to work out pressure in liquids.
In groups, learners are guided to work out the examples in learner's book 8 page 166

What is the formula of working out the surface area?
What is the formula of working pressure in liquids?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 163-164
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Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 164-166
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Force and energy

Solve numerical problems involving pressure using formula

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

State the formula of working out pressure using the formula.
Solve numerical problems involving pressure using the formula.
Appreciate the importance of numerical problems.

Individually, learners are guided to state the formula of working out pressure using the formula, P = H

What is the formula of working out the pressure in solids?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 167
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Force and energy

Applications of pressure in solids.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the applications of pressure in solids.
Summarise the applications of pressure in solids.
Appreciate the applications of pressure in solids.

In groups, learners are guided to identify the applications of pressure in solids.
In groups, learners are guided to study the pictures in learner's book 8 page 168
In groups, learners are guided to summarise the applications of pressure in solids.

What are other applications of pressure in solids?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 167-169
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Force and energy

Applications of pressure in liquids.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify the applications of pressure in liquids.
Summarise the applications of pressure in liquids.
Appreciate the applications of pressure in liquids.

In groups, learners are guided to identify the applications of pressure in liquids.
In groups, learners are guided to study the pictures in learner's book 8 page 169.
In groups, learners are guided to summarise the applications of pressure in liquids.

What are other applications of pressure in liquids?

Spotlight; Integrated Science Learner's Book Grade 8 pg. 169-171
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