CLASSIFICATION II

Principles of classification of living organisms...
Binomial Nomenclature.
Animal Kingdoms. Kingdom Monera.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the importance of classification of organisms.
Discuss the general principles of classification.
Identify major taxonomic units.
To define a species.
To explain features of a species.
To explain principles of binomial nomenclature.
Identify the five animal kingdoms.

State characteristics of members of kingdom Monera.
To identify and draw various bacteria.
To explain how bacteria affect our lives.

Q/A: To review Classification I.
Discussion of principles of classification of organisms.
Q/A: Major taxonomic units.
Probing questions leading to definition of a species.
Give examples of breeds and varieties.
Discuss the double- naming system and the underlying features.
Expository approach -The teacher will expose the five kingdoms.
Discussion- General characteristics of unicellular and microscopic organisms.
Drawing and labeling a bacterium.

Q/A: Economic importance of bacteria.

Chart- Taxonomic units.
Chart- Examples of generic and specific names of organisms.
Chart- Types of bacteria

KLB BK III.
PP 1-2. CERTIFICATE PG 1 
KLB BK III.P 3. CERTIFICATE PG 4

CLASSIFICATION II

Kingdom Protoctista.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To give examples of members of kingdom Protoctista.
To state general characteristics of members of kingdom Protoctista.

Teacher leads in a discussion.

chart

KLB BK III.
PP 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 8

CLASSIFICATION II

Organisms with varied forms.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw and label an amoeba, paramecium, spirogyra, e.t.c.

Drawing and labelling organisms with varied forms.

Wall charts.

KLB BK III. P 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 9

CLASSIFICATION II

Organisms in pond water.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify organisms in pond water.

Examine a drop of pond water on a glass slide under a microscope.
Draw diagrams of organisms observed.
Compare the observed organisms with those previously drawn and labelled.

Microscope
Water dropper
Pond water
Glass slides.

KLB BK III. P. 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 10

CLASSIFICATION II

Organisms in pond water.
Kingdom Fungi. Characteristics of Kingdom Fungi.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify organisms in pond water.
To give examples of members of kingdom fungi.
To discuss economic importance of fungi.
To state general characteristics of fungi.

Examine a drop of pond water on a glass slide under a microscope.
Draw diagrams of organisms observed.
Compare the observed organisms with those previously drawn and labelled.

Detailed discussion.
Exposition of new concepts/ terms.

Microscope
Water dropper
Pond water
Glass slides.
Mushrooms,
Yeast,
Bread mould.

KLB BK III. P. 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 10
KLB BK III. P 6. CERTIFICATE PG 11

CLASSIFICATION II

Diagrams of Fungi.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw and label various fungi.

Examine bread mould.
Draw and label diagrams of various fngi.

Wall charts,
Bread mould,
Yeast,
Edible mushroom.

KLB BK III. P 6. CERTIFICATE PG 12

CLASSIFICATION II

Kingdom Plantae. General characteristics.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State general characteristics of plants.

Q/A: Compare plants with the aforementioned kingdoms, and then list down characteristics of plants.

KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 13

CLASSIFICATION II

Division Bryophyta External structure of a Bryophyta.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State general characteristics of Bryophyta.
To draw and label external features of an identified Bryophyta.
To identify features of Bryophyta.

Teacher leads in a discussion. Students examine moss plant under a hand lens, then
Draw and label the moss plant.

Moss plant,
Hand lens,
Slide.

KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 14

CLASSIFICATION II

Division Pteridophyta.
Division Spermatophyta.
Features of Spermatophytes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of Pteridophytes.
To draw and label external features of Pteridophytes.
To state general characteristics of spermatophytes.
To identify features of spermatophytes.

Teacher leads in a discussion on characteristics of Pteridophytes.
Class experiments: To observe a live or preserved fern.
To draw and label the fern.


Teacher leads in a discussion on spermatophytes.
Class experiments: To examine a complete specimen of a bean plant with ponds/ maize plant/ a twig of cypress.

A live or preserved fern.

text book
Complete specimens of bean plant with ponds/ maize plant/ a twig of cypress.

KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 15
KLB BK III. P 9. CERTIFICATE PG 16

CLASSIFICATION II

Sub-division Gymnospermatophyta.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of gymnospermatophyta.

Detailed discussion.

text book

KLB BK III. P 9. CERTIFICATE PG16

CLASSIFICATION II

Subdivision Angiospermaphyta.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of angiospermaphyta.

Detailed discussion.
Q/A: Comparing gymnospermatophyta and angiospermaphyta.

text book

KLB BK III. P 10. CERTIFICATE PG 16

CLASSIFICATION II

Class Monocotyledonae.
Class Dicotyledonae.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down characteristics of Monocotyledonae.
To list down characteristics of Dicotyledonae.

Class experiments: Examine maize plant/ wheat/ grass/ sugarcane.
Discuss external features of the plants.
Class experiments: Examine external features of bean plant/ black jack/ tea.
Discuss their external features.

Maize plant/ wheat/ grass/ sugarcane.
Bean plant/ black jack/ tea.

KLB BK III. P 11. CERTIFICATE PG 17

CLASSIFICATION II

Kingdom Animalia.
Phyllum Arthropoda.
Class Crustacea.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state characteristics of kingdom Animalia.
To state general characteristics of Arthropoda.
To list down external features of a crab/ crayfish.

Q/A: To review general characteristics of animals as compared to those of plants.
Q/A: General characteristics of Arthropoda.
Examine preserved specimens of a crab/ crayfish and identify external features.
Draw and label diagrams.
Discuss their general characteristics.

text book
Specimens of a crab/ crayfish.

KLB BK III. P 12. CERTIFICATE PG 18
KLB BK III. P 12. CERTIFICATE PG 19

CLASSIFICATION II

Class Chilopoda.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe external features of a centipede.

Examine a centipede.
Draw and label a centipede.
Discuss general characteristics of Chilopoda comparing them to those of other members of the kingdom Animalia.

A centipede.

KLB BK III. P 14. CERTIFICATE PG 20

CLASSIFICATION II

Class Diplopoda.
Class Arachnida.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe external features of a milipede.
To describe external features of mites, spiders, scorpions, ticks.

Examine a milipede.
Draw and label a milipede.
Discuss general characteristics of diplopoda comparing them to those of other members of the kingdom Animalia.
Examine specimens of freshly killed/ preserved arachnids.
Q/A: Differences between arachnids and members of other classes.
Discuss general characteristics of Arachnida.

A milipede.
Specimens of freshly killed/ preserved arachnids.

KLB BK III. P 15. CERTIFICATE PG 20

CLASSIFICATION II

Class Insecta.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe external features of common insects.

Examine live/ freshly killed specimens of ground beetle, honeybee, termite, e.t.c.
List down general characteristics of insecta.
Discuss economic importance of insects.

Live/ freshly killed specimens of ground beetle, honey-bee, termite, e.t.c.

KLB BK III. P 15. CERTIFICATE PG 21

CLASSIFICATION II

Phyllum Chordata.
Class Pisces.
Class Amphibia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify general characteristics of chordates.
To draw and label external features of a (tilapia) fish.
To compare observable features of a tilapia fish and those of a frog.

Q/A: Identify classes of phylum chordata.
Discussion: characteristics of chordates.
Exposition- Teacher exposes new concepts pertaining to characteristics of fish.
Group experiments- Observing specimens and placing them in their respective classes.

Chart tilapia fish.
Preserved specimens ? fish, amphibians.

KLB BK III. PP 16-18. CERTIFICATE PG 22
KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 23

CLASSIFICATION II

Class Reptilia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of reptilia.

Q/A: Comparing reptiles and amphibians/ aves
Discussion: General characteristics of reptilia.

KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 24

CLASSIFICATION II

Class Aves.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of aves.

Q/A: Comparing reptiles and amphibians/ aves
Discussion: General characteristics of reptilia.

Chart- Diagrams of birds.

KLB BK III. P 19. CERTIFICATE PG 24

CLASSIFICATION II

Class Mammalia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of Mammalia.

Q/A: Examples of egg laying mammals, pouched mammals, primates, etc.

Diagrams of various mammals.

KLB BK III. P 20. CERTIFICATE PG  25

CLASSIFICATION II

Dichotomous key.
Features for identifying animals / plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the rules used in constructing a dichotomous key.
To list identification features for animals/ plants.

Teacher exposes features of a dichotomous key.
Teacher exposes features for identifying animals/ plants.

KLB BK III. P 23. CERTIFICATE PG 27
KLB BK III. P 24. CERTIFICATE PG 27

CLASSIFICATION II

Examples of dichotomous keys.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To construct dichotomous keys using leaves, stems, e.t.c.

Teacher leads through constructed dichotomous keys.

Chart- Constructed dichotomous keys.

KLB BK III. P 24. CERTIFICATE PG28

CLASSIFICATION II

Construction of dichotomous keys.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To construct a guided dichotomous key of a given number of steps.
To use a constructed dichotomous key to identify given specimens.
To construct own dichotomous key.

Supervised exercise.

Written exercise.

Exercise review.

Plants from different families.

Different plant species.

KLB BK III. PP 24-30 CERTIFICATE PG30