STATISTICAL METHODS.

Meaning and significance of statistics. Types, nature and sources of statistical data.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Define the term statistics.
Explain the significance of statistics in enhancing the study of geography.

Identify types, nature and sources of statistical data.

Q/A & brief discussion.




Exposition of new concepts & discussion.

illustrative chart

KLB BK I
Pg 449-50

STATISTICAL METHODS.

Collecting statistical data. -Questionnares.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of questionnaires.
State advantages and disadvantages of using questionnaires.

Probing questions & explanations.

Sample questionnaires.

KLB BK I
Pg 50-51

STATISTICAL METHODS.

Collecting statistical data. -Interviews and observations.
Collecting statistical data. -Other methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages and disadvantages of using interviews and observations to gather data.

Simulations;
Probing questions & explanations.

Grid square for sampling.

KLB BK I
Pg 51-52

STATISTICAL METHODS.

Recording data.
Statistical data analysis.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe methods and techniques of recording statistical data.

Probing questions, discussion.

charts
data

KLB BK I
Pg 55-57

STATISTICAL METHODS.

Measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Find range, mean, mode and median of data.

Calculations: range, proportions, percentages, mean, median & mode.

calculator

KLB BK I
Pg 57-59

STATISTICAL METHODS.

Statistical data presentation in tables.
Simple line graph.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Present statistical data in tabular form.

Merits & demerits of using statistical tables.

Give examples of statistical data in tabular form; e.g. rainfall of a place.
Oral questions & brief discussion.

data
chart

KLB BK I
Pg 61

STATISTICAL METHODS.

Simple bar graph.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Construct and interpret a simple bar graph.
State merits & demerits of using simple bar graphs.

Guided practical activity: drawing a simple bar graph.
Oral questions and brief discussion.

Graph papers.

KLB BK I
Pg 62-63

STATISTICAL METHODS.

Combined line graph and bar graph. (polygraph)
Simple wind rose.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Construct and interpret combined line graph and bar graph (polygraph).
State merits & demerits of using simple line graphs.

Guided practical activity: drawing combined line graph and bar graph (polygraph).
Oral questions and brief discussion.
Written exercise.

Graph papers.
diagram

KLB BK I
Pg 63-64

MAPS AND MAP WORK

Maps, plans and pictures.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Q/A: make a distinction between maps and plans, maps and pictures.

Practical activity: drawing plan of a classroom, etc.
Brief discussion on differences between maps, plans and pictures.

maps, pictures.

KLB BK I
Pg 66-69

MAPS AND MAP WORK

Sketch maps.
Atlas maps.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify characteristics of a good sketch.
Sketch maps stating specific information.

Practical activity: drawing sketch maps.

maps
Atlases.

KLB BK I
Pg 69

MAPS AND MAP WORK

Topographic maps.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify features on topographic maps.

Guided practical activity:
Identifying physical and human features on maps.

Topographic maps.

KLB BK I
Pg 69-70

MAPS AND MAP WORK

Uses of maps.
Marginal information on a map.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State uses of maps.

Q/A and brief discussion.

Topographical maps.

KLB BK I
Pg 69

MAPS AND MAP WORK

Map scales.
Measuring distances on maps.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define a scale.
Identify types of scales.
Express a scale in another format.

Brainstorming, brief discussion, problem solving.

Topographical maps.
Topographical maps, pair of dividers, thread.

KLB BK I
Pg 73-76

MAPS AND MAP WORK

Calculation of area on maps.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate area on a map.

Guided practical activities involving area.

Topographical maps.

KLB BK I
Pg 79-80

FIELDWORK

Definition of field work, types and importance of fieldwork.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define the term fieldwork.
Identify types of fieldwork.
Explain importance of fieldwork to geographers.

Probing questions & brief discussion.

local environment

KLB BK I
Pg 82-83

FIELDWORK

Fieldwork procedure.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe fieldwork procedure.

Brain storming;
Probing questions on steps followed during fieldwork.
Detailed discussion.

local environment

KLB BK I
Pg 83-84

FIELDWORK

Hypothesis.
Reconnaissance.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline characteristics of a good hypothesis.
Formulate a hypothesis.

Exposition of new concept;
Oral exercise on formulation of hypotheses.

chart

KLB BK I
Pg 84-85

FIELDWORK

Preparations before fieldwork.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight preparations required before carrying out of fieldwork.

Q/A & open discussion.

student book

KLB BK I
Pg 85

FIELDWORK

Methods data of collection.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline various methods of data collection.
Identify specific methods for given types of field study.
State merits & demerits of each method.

Q/A to review methods of data collection;

Brief discussion.

Necessary equipment.

KLB BK I
Pg 87

FIELDWORK

Problems likely to be encountered in the field during fieldwork.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Predict problems that are likely to be encountered in the field in course of fieldwork.

Brainstorming & brief open discussion.

local environment

KLB BK I
Pg 88

FIELDWORK

Actual field study.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Conduct a field study.

Identify the problem and objectives;
Prepare for the study;
Visit the area of study;
Gather data using suitable methods.

Questionnaires,
Cameras, labels, etc.

KLB BK I
Pg 88-92

FIELDWORK
MINERALS AND ROCKS

Interpretation of data collected.
Characteristics of minerals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Analyse the collected data.

Synthesise the data collected;
Plot relevant graphs;
Answer questions.

graphs
local environment, chart

KLB BK I
Pg 88-92

MINERALS AND ROCKS

Igneous rocks.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe formation of igneous rocks.
Differentiate between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks.
Give examples of igneous rocks.

Brief discussion.


Exposition & detailed discussion.

rocks

KLB BK I
Pg 96-99

MINERALS AND ROCKS

Sedimentary rocks.
Formation of sedimentary rocks.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State characteristics of sedimentary rocks.
Give examples of sedimentary rocks formed in different ways.

Exposition of factual information;
Detailed discussion.

local environment

KLB BK I
Pg 99-100

MINERALS AND ROCKS

Metamorphic rocks.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe forms of metamorphism that lead to formation of metamorphic rocks.

Exposition & detailed discussion.

Chart: match original and metamorphic rocks.

KLB BK I
Pg 102