INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

Basic science concepts.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Relate basic science concepts taught at primary level to Chemistry.

Brainstorming to review basic science concepts;
Probing questions;
Discussion.

TEXT BOOK

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP 1-3

INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

Basic aspects of Chemistry.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Basic aspects of Chemistry.

Questioning;
Discussion;
Exposition of new concepts.

Mixtures,
Conductors & non conductors,
Drugs.

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP 4-5

INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

Definition of Chemistry & Role of Chemistry in the society. Lab safety rules.
Apparatus used in Chemistry.
Apparatus used in Chemistry. (contd)
Measuring volume.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define Chemistry.
Identify role of Chemistry in the society.
Identify careers related to Chemistry.
Recognise lab safety rules.

Identify apparatus used in Chemistry.

Open discussion;
Probing questions.
Observing drawn apparatus;
Drawing apparatus.

List of lab safety rules.
Common lab apparatus.
Common lab apparatus.
Specific apparatus for measuring volume.

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP 5-6,16
K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP 6-9

INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

Measuring mass.
Measuring time.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Use some apparatus to measure mass.

Measuring mass in kg, grams and mg.

Electronic, beam, ripple pan balances.
Stop watches.

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP 6-9

INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

Measuring temperature.
Parts of a Bunsen burner.
Bunsen burner flames. - luminous flame.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Use some apparatus to measure temperature.

Measuring temperature with an ordinary thermometer;
Measuring temperature after given time intervals.

Thermometers.
Bunsen burner.

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP 6-9

INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

Bunsen burner flames. - non-luminous flame.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Differentiate between a luminous and non-luminous flame.
Identify zones of a non-luminous flame.

Opening air hole of the burner;
Observing luminous flame;
Drawing a non-luminous flame.

Bunsen burner.

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP 11-12

INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

Heating effects of Bunsen flames.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the heating effects of luminous and non-luminous flames.

Heating water using luminous and non-luminous flames;
Burning wooden splints, paper over the flames;
Discussion.

Bunsen flames, wooden splints,
Wire gauze, beakers.

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP 13-15

INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY
CLASSIFICATION OF SUBSTANCES

Heating effect of a non-luminous flame.
Solid-solid mixture.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify the hottest part of a non-luminous flame.


Carry out simple experiments to separate a solid-solid mixture.

Guided practical activities;
Discussion based on observations made.



Class experiments;
Making solid-solid mixtures.
separating solid-solid mixtures.

wooden splints,
non-luminous flame, manilla papers.

Solid-solid mixture, e.g. Sodium chloride-iodine mixture.

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP 14-15

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP 19-20

CLASSIFICATION OF SUBSTANCES

Making solid-liquid mixtures.
Separating solid-liquid mixtures.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Mix solids with known volume of liquids.

Class experiments;
Making solid-liquid mixtures.

Test tubes, sugar, salt, potassium nitrate, propanone, oxalic acids, etc.

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP 19-20

CLASSIFICATION OF SUBSTANCES

Soluble solid-liquid mixture & insoluble solid-liquid mixture

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Carry out decantation and filtration.

Class experiments; separating solid-liquid mixtures.

Water-sand mixture, salt solution, filter papers, funnel, beakers.

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP 22-24

CLASSIFICATION OF SUBSTANCES

Crystallization.
Simple distillation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Obtain crystals from a solution.

Class experiments; growing crystals.
Brief discussion.

Waterbath, conc copper
(II) sulphate solution, evaporating dish.
Liebig sondenser, salt solution, round-bottomed flask, conical flask.

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP 22-24

CLASSIFICATION OF SUBSTANCES

Liquid-liquid mixture -immiscible liquids.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe an experiment o separate miscible liquids.

Questioning;
Exposition.

Water, ethanol, pipettes, droppers, separating funnel.

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP28-29

CLASSIFICATION OF SUBSTANCES

Fractional distillation.
Applications of fractional distillation.
Separating coloured substances.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Carry out fractional distillation.

Describe applications of fractional distillation.

Class experiments; separating liquid-liquid mixtures.
Discussion.
Questioning & discussion on extraction of;
-oils from nuts,
-dyes from plants,
-herbal medicine from plants.

Water, ethanol, fractionating column, liebig condenser, round-bottomed flask, conical flask.
Miscible liquids.
Pestles, mortars.

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP. 28-29
K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP. 30-32

CLASSIFICATION OF SUBSTANCES

Paper chromatography.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Carry out paper chromatography.
Interpret paper chromatograms.

Paper chromatography tests.
Questioning on concentric and ascending chromatograms.

Pestles, motars,
Green leaves, propanone, filter paper.
Sample chromatograms.

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP. 33-34

TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT CHANGES

Reversible processes.
Physical change

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Identify colour changes when some solids are heated.

Heat solid wax, zinc oxide, solid iodine;
Observe colour changes.

Solid wax, zinc oxide, solid iodine.
TEXT BOOK

K.L.B.
BOOK I
P. 44

TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT CHANGES

Permanent chemical change.
Elements.
Compounds.
Chemical symbols.
Chemical equations.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Investigate permanent chemical change.
State characteristics of a chemical change.
Define a compound.
Give examples of compounds.

Heating hydrated copper (II) sulphate, copper (II) nitrate.
Observing colour changes;
Probing questions;
Discussion.

Exposition;
Brief discussion.

Hydrated copper (II) sulphate, copper (II) nitrate.
List of first
20 elements.
TEXT BOOK
List of first
20 elements.

K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP. 44-45
K.L.B.
BOOK I
PP 48- 49