Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - Components of Integrated Science
Introduction to Integrated Science - Physics as a component

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the term Integrated Science
- Identify the three components of Integrated Science
- Show interest in learning about science components

- Brainstorm on the components of Integrated Science in groups
- Use charts to identify Physics, Chemistry and Biology
- Discuss the meaning of Integrated Science
- Draw and label a diagram showing the three components

How does integration help us understand science better?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 1
- Charts showing science components
- Digital resources
- Master Integrated Science pg. 2
- Digital devices
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - Chemistry as a component
Introduction to Integrated Science - Biology as a component
Introduction to Integrated Science - Importance in agriculture
Introduction to Integrated Science - Importance in health
Introduction to Integrated Science - Importance in transport
Introduction to Integrated Science - Importance in food and textile
Introduction to Integrated Science - Importance in industry

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define Chemistry
- Give examples of Chemistry concepts
- Show interest in chemical processes

- Explain scientific innovations in transport
- Identify eco-friendly transport methods
- Appreciate technological advancement in transport

- Discuss the definition of Chemistry
- Identify Chemistry concepts from everyday life
- Observe chemical changes in the environment
- Record observations in exercise books
- Study pictures of different transport methods
- Discuss electric vehicles and their benefits
- Compare traditional and modern transport
- Create a timeline of transport evolution

How does Chemistry help us understand matter?
How has science improved transportation?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 2
- Laboratory chemicals
- Charts
- Living specimens
- Magnifying glass
- Master Integrated Science pg. 3
- Pictures of farming tools
- School garden
- Master Integrated Science pg. 4
- Pictures of medical equipment
- First aid kit
- Master Integrated Science pg. 5
- Pictures of vehicles
- Internet access
- Food packages
- Fabric samples
- Master Integrated Science pg. 6
- Pictures of industries
- Recycled materials

- Written tests - Observations - Oral presentations
- Timeline creation - Group discussions - Observations

Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - Career opportunities
Introduction to Integrated Science - STEM pathways

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify science-related careers
- Explain pathways in STEM education
- Show interest in science careers

- Create a career chart using available materials
- Research science careers using digital devices
- Interview a science professional
- Display career information

What career opportunities does science offer?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 7
- Career magazines
- Digital devices
- Master Integrated Science pg. 8
- STEM pathway charts
- Manila papers

- Career chart assessment - Interview reports - Presentations

Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - Project work and review
Laboratory Safety - Defining a laboratory

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create a comprehensive career chart
- Present science importance findings
- Demonstrate understanding of Integrated Science

- Complete the career chart project
- Present projects to classmates
- Review all topics covered
- Conduct peer assessment

What have we learned about Integrated Science?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 9
- Project materials
- Assessment rubrics
- Master Integrated Science pg. 13
- School laboratory
- Pictures of laboratories

- Project assessment - Peer evaluation - Self-assessment

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Common hazards and symbols
Laboratory Safety - Flammable substances

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify common laboratory hazards
- Recognize hazard symbols
- Show concern for laboratory safety

- Observe hazard symbols on chemical containers
- Draw and name different hazard symbols
- Discuss the meaning of each symbol
- Create a safety symbols chart

What do laboratory hazard symbols tell us?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 14
- Chemical containers with labels
- Drawing materials
- Master Integrated Science pg. 15
- Flammable substance containers
- Safety equipment

- Symbol identification - Chart creation - Practical work

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Toxic substances
Laboratory Safety - Corrosive substances
Laboratory Safety - Radioactive and carcinogenic substances
Laboratory Safety - Causes of laboratory accidents

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify toxic substances
- Explain dangers of toxic materials
- Practice safety measures when near toxic substances

- Identify radioactive and carcinogenic symbols
- Explain the dangers of radiation and cancer-causing substances
- Appreciate the need for extreme caution

- Identify the toxic symbol
- Discuss harmful effects of toxic substances
- Practice using protective equipment
- Demonstrate proper disposal methods
- Identify radioactive and carcinogenic symbols
- Discuss health effects of radiation
- Learn about protective measures
- Practice safety protocols

Why are some laboratory substances dangerous to our health?
Why do we need special protection from radioactive materials?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 15
- Protective equipment
- Toxic substance labels
- Master Integrated Science pg. 16
- Corrosive warning labels
- Safety equipment
- Master Integrated Science pg. 16
- Radioactive warning labels
- Safety protocols chart
- Master Integrated Science pg. 17
- Case study materials
- Accident report forms

- Practical demonstrations - Safety assessment - Written tests
- Safety protocol demonstration - Symbol recognition - Written assessments

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Burns and scalds
Laboratory Safety - Cuts and injuries

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between burns and scalds
- Identify causes of burns and scalds
- Practice prevention measures

- Differentiate between dry heat burns and wet heat scalds
- Identify sources of burns and scalds in the laboratory
- Practice proper handling of hot equipment
- Demonstrate safety procedures

What is the difference between burns and scalds?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 18
- Hot water demonstration setup
- Safety equipment
- Glassware samples
- Safety gloves

- Practical demonstrations - Safety procedure assessment - Oral questions

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Ingestion of harmful substances
Laboratory Safety - First aid for burns and scalds
Laboratory Safety - First aid for cuts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how harmful substances can be ingested
- Practice hygiene measures in the laboratory
- Demonstrate emergency response procedures

- Discuss how chemicals can accidentally enter the body
- Practice proper hand washing techniques
- Learn about eating restrictions in the laboratory
- Demonstrate emergency first aid

Why should we never eat or drink in the laboratory?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 19
- Hand washing stations
- Emergency contact information
- Master Integrated Science pg. 20
- First aid kit
- Cold water supply
- Master Integrated Science pg. 21
- Bandages and gauze
- Antiseptic solution

- Hygiene practice assessment - Emergency procedure demonstration - Written tests

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - First aid for ingestion emergencies
Laboratory Safety - Importance of safety measures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate first aid for poisoning
- Practice emergency communication
- Show knowledge of when not to induce vomiting

- Learn appropriate responses to chemical ingestion
- Practice emergency calling procedures
- Understand poison control measures
- Role-play poisoning emergencies

What should we do if someone swallows a harmful chemical?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 21
- Emergency contact numbers
- Poison control information
- Master Integrated Science pg. 22
- Safety promotion materials
- Presentation equipment

- Emergency response demonstration - Communication skills assessment - Scenario-based evaluation

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Basic skills in science
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Manipulative skills
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Observation skills
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Measurement skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define basic skills in science
- Identify different science process skills
- Appreciate the importance of scientific skills

- Define observation skills
- Practice using different senses for observation
- Record observations accurately

- Brainstorm on scientific skills
- Identify skills used in daily activities
- Practice observation and classification
- Discuss the importance of each skill
- Use all senses to observe objects
- Practice detailed observation techniques
- Record observations systematically
- Compare observations with classmates

Why are basic skills important in science?
What can we learn by observing carefully?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 25
- Observable objects
- Classification materials
- Master Integrated Science pg. 26
- Laboratory equipment
- Safety gloves
- Master Integrated Science pg. 26
- Various objects for observation
- Observation recording sheets
- Master Integrated Science pg. 27
- Rulers and measuring tapes
- Objects to measure

- Skills demonstration - Practical observations - Oral assessments
- Observation recording assessment - Accuracy evaluation - Systematic recording check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Classification skills
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Prediction and communication skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define classification skills
- Practice grouping objects by properties
- Create classification systems

- Sort objects by different characteristics
- Create classification charts
- Practice biological classification
- Develop personal classification systems

How do we organize things into groups?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 27
- Various objects for sorting
- Classification charts
- Simple experiment materials
- Communication aids

- Classification accuracy assessment - Chart creation evaluation - System development check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Heating apparatus identification
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Parts of a Bunsen burner

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify heating apparatus in the laboratory
- Name different heating instruments
- Understand the purpose of each heating device

- Observe different heating apparatus
- Identify Bunsen burners, spirit lamps, and hot plates
- Discuss uses of each heating device
- Create a chart of heating equipment

What equipment do we use for heating in the laboratory?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 28
- Various heating apparatus
- Equipment identification charts
- Master Integrated Science pg. 30
- Bunsen burner
- Labeling materials

- Equipment identification assessment - Chart creation evaluation - Purpose explanation check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Using and caring for heating apparatus
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Mass measuring instruments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate proper use of heating apparatus
- Practice safety measures while heating
- Show proper care and maintenance procedures

- Practice lighting a Bunsen burner safely
- Demonstrate proper flame adjustment
- Practice cleaning and storage procedures
- Follow safety protocols throughout

How do we safely use and care for heating equipment?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 31
- Heating apparatus
- Safety equipment
- Master Integrated Science pg. 34
- Electronic and beam balances
- Objects for weighing

- Safe usage demonstration - Care procedure assessment - Safety protocol evaluation

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Temperature measuring instruments
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Length measuring instruments
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Volume and weight measuring
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Magnification tools and SI units

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify temperature measuring instruments
- Read thermometers accurately
- Practice proper thermometer handling

- Identify volume measuring apparatus
- Use spring balances for weight measurement
- Practice accurate volume and weight measurements

- Identify different types of thermometers
- Practice reading temperature scales
- Measure temperatures of various substances
- Learn proper thermometer care
- Use measuring cylinders and pipettes
- Practice with spring balances
- Measure volumes of liquids
- Determine weights of objects

How do we measure temperature accurately?
How do we measure volume and weight in the laboratory?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 36
- Various thermometers
- Substances at different temperatures
- Master Integrated Science pg. 39
- Rulers, calipers, micrometers
- Objects for measurement
- Master Integrated Science pg. 45
- Volume measuring apparatus
- Spring balances
- Master Integrated Science pg. 49
- Microscopes and hand lenses
- SI unit reference charts

- Reading accuracy assessment - Handling skills evaluation - Care procedure check
- Volume measurement assessment - Weight determination evaluation - Apparatus usage check

Scientific Investigation
Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Practical skills assessment
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Review and consolidation
Mixtures - Components of Integrated Science as a field of study

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate competency in using all apparatus
- Show mastery of safety procedures
- Apply measurement skills accurately

- Complete practical skills stations
- Demonstrate all learned procedures
- Apply safety measures consistently
- Show measurement competency

How well can we use laboratory equipment safely and accurately?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 25-56
- All apparatus covered
- Assessment rubrics
- Review materials
- Assessment papers
Master Integrated Science pg. 72
- Digital resources
- Internet access

- Comprehensive practical assessment - Skills demonstration evaluation - Safety competency check

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Categorising mixtures as homogenous or heterogeneous
Mixtures - Solute, solvent and solution
Mixtures - Identifying solute, solvent and solution in mixtures
Mixtures - Separation by evaporation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify mixtures in the environment
- Categorise mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous
- Appreciate the importance of understanding different types of mixtures

- Take a walk in the school environment to identify mixtures
- Record different types of mixtures observed
- Use a table to categorise mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous

What makes a mixture homogeneous or heterogeneous?

Master Integrated Science pg. 72
- Exercise books
- Environment for observation
Master Integrated Science pg. 74
- Salt and water
- Beakers and stirring rods
- Common salt
- Water
- Beakers
- Stirring rods
Master Integrated Science pg. 76
- Salt, water
- Evaporating dish
- Bunsen burner
- Tripod stand

- Practical work - Observation - Checklist

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by crystallisation
Mixtures - Simple distillation setup
Mixtures - Separation by simple distillation
Mixtures - Fractional distillation setup

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the crystallisation process
- Separate mixtures using crystallisation method
- Show appreciation for the crystallisation method

- Prepare saturated salt solution
- Heat solution gently while stirring
- Allow cooling and observe crystal formation
- Filter and dry the crystals

What is the difference between evaporation and crystallisation?

Master Integrated Science pg. 78
- Salt, distilled water
- Evaporating dish
- Filter paper and funnel
Master Integrated Science pg. 80
- Distillation apparatus
- Safety equipment
- Salt solution
- Complete distillation setup
- Thermometer
Master Integrated Science pg. 82
- Fractional distillation apparatus
- Digital devices for research

- Practical work - Observation - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by fractional distillation
Mixtures - Separation by sublimation
Mixtures - Separation by solvent extraction
Mixtures - Separation by chromatography

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate fractional distillation process
- Explain separation of miscible liquids
- Show appreciation for advanced separation techniques

- Explain solvent extraction method
- Extract oil from nuts using solvent extraction
- Show interest in extraction processes

- Separate water and ethanol mixture using fractional distillation
- Monitor temperature changes
- Collect fractions at different temperatures
- Discuss applications
- Crush groundnuts and add propanone
- Allow mixture to settle and decant solution
- Evaporate solvent to obtain oil
- Test oil properties using filter paper

How are miscible liquids with close boiling points separated?
How are useful substances extracted from natural materials?

Master Integrated Science pg. 82
- Water and ethanol mixture
- Complete fractional distillation setup
Master Integrated Science pg. 84
- Impure iodine
- Evaporating dish
- Filter funnel
- Cotton wool
Master Integrated Science pg. 86
- Groundnuts or seeds
- Propanone
- Mortar and pestle
- Filter paper
Master Integrated Science pg. 88
- Black ink
- Measuring cylinder

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Written tests
- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Observation schedule

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Extended chromatography activity
Mixtures - Applications of separation methods in daily life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply chromatography technique to different materials
- Explain solubility differences in separation
- Show interest in analytical chemistry

- Use different ink samples for chromatography
- Apply radial chromatography technique
- Compare results from different inks
- Discuss solubility and movement patterns

Why do different components move different distances in chromatography?

Master Integrated Science pg. 90
- Various pen inks
- Filter papers
- Propanone
- Droppers
Master Integrated Science pg. 92
- Digital devices
- Industrial application images
- Reference materials

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Checklist

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Matching separation methods with applications
Mixtures - Review of separation methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Match separation methods with appropriate applications
- Explain choice of separation method for specific mixtures
- Show appreciation for scientific problem-solving

- Complete table matching activities with separation methods
- Discuss why specific methods are used for particular applications
- Analyze real-world separation scenarios

Which separation method is most suitable for a given mixture?

Master Integrated Science pg. 94
- Activity tables
- Course book
- Reference materials
Master Integrated Science pg. 72-94
- Summary charts
- Previous practical results

- Written assignments - Assessment rubrics - Oral questions

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Assessment and application synthesis
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Introduction to acids and bases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply knowledge of separation methods to solve practical problems
- Evaluate effectiveness of different separation techniques
- Show confidence in handling separation challenges

- Solve complex separation problems
- Design separation procedures for given mixtures
- Evaluate and critique separation methods
- Present solutions to separation challenges

How can we design effective separation procedures for complex mixtures?

Master Integrated Science pg. 72-94
- Problem scenarios
- Assessment materials
Master Integrated Science pg. 95
- Common household items
- Course book

- Assessment rubrics - Practical work - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Using litmus paper to identify acids and bases
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Resource person on plant extract indicators
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Preparing indicators from plant extracts
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Alternative plant extract preparation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use litmus paper to test acids and bases
- Classify household solutions as acids or bases
- Appreciate the use of indicators in identification

- Prepare acid-base indicators from plant flowers
- Extract colored substances from plant materials
- Show interest in natural indicator preparation

- Test various household solutions with red and blue litmus papers
- Record color changes in a table
- Classify solutions as acids or bases
- Discuss results with classmates
- Collect colored flowers from school environment
- Cut flowers into small pieces
- Crush flowers with ethanol to extract color
- Filter the extract to obtain colored solution

How do we use litmus paper to identify acids and bases?
How do we extract useful indicators from plants?

Master Integrated Science pg. 96
- Red and blue litmus papers
- Various household solutions
- Test tubes
Master Integrated Science pg. 98
- Resource person
- Note-taking materials
Master Integrated Science pg. 98
- Plant flowers
- Ethanol
- Mortar and pestle
- Filter paper
Master Integrated Science pg. 100
- Red cabbage or beetroot
- Extraction apparatus

- Practical work - Observation schedule - Assessment rubrics
- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Observation

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Testing solutions with plant extract indicators
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Physical properties of acids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use plant extract indicators to test solutions
- Classify solutions as acidic or basic using natural indicators
- Show appreciation for natural indicator effectiveness

- Test various household solutions with plant extract indicators
- Record color changes observed
- Complete classification table
- Compare results with litmus paper tests

How effective are plant extract indicators compared to litmus paper?

Master Integrated Science pg. 100
- Plant extract indicators
- Various household solutions
- Test tubes
- Droppers
Master Integrated Science pg. 102
- Lemon juice
- Safety equipment
- Litmus papers

- Practical work - Observation schedule - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Physical properties of bases
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Solubility of acids and bases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe physical properties of bases
- Compare properties of bases with acids
- Appreciate differences between acids and bases

- Observe appearance of baking powder solution
- Test texture and smell safely
- Test with litmus papers
- Compare with acidic solution properties
- Record comparative observations

How do physical properties of bases differ from acids?

Master Integrated Science pg. 102
- Baking powder solution
- Safety equipment
- Litmus papers
- Comparison tables
- Acidic and basic solutions
- Water
- Test tubes
- Observation sheets

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Comparative analysis

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Electrical conductivity of acids and bases
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Uses of acids in daily life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Test electrical conductivity of acids and bases
- Explain why acids and bases conduct electricity
- Appreciate electrical properties of solutions

- Set up electrical conductivity apparatus
- Test conductivity of vinegar
- Test conductivity of baking powder solution
- Observe bulb brightness in both cases

Why do acidic and basic solutions conduct electricity?

Master Integrated Science pg. 102
- Battery and bulb setup
- Connecting wires
- Metal rods
- Acidic and basic solutions
Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Digital devices
- Application images
- Reference materials

- Practical work - Observation schedule - Assessment rubrics

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Uses of bases in daily life
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Uses of indicators in various sectors
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Reading product labels for acids and bases
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Applications in food and cooking

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify uses of bases in cooking, cleaning, and medicine
- Explain applications of bases in agriculture
- Show appreciation for base applications

- Identify acidic and basic ingredients in household products
- Read and interpret product labels
- Show awareness of chemical content in daily products

- Discuss baking soda uses in cooking
- Explore cleaning applications of bases
- Research medicinal uses of antacids
- Study soil treatment with bases
- Collect household product containers
- Read ingredient labels carefully
- Identify acidic and basic components
- Create classification table of products
- Discuss findings with classmates

What important roles do bases play in our lives?
What acidic and basic substances are found in household products?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Household base products
- Digital resources
- Application examples
- Test strips examples
- Laboratory indicators
Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Household product containers
- Label reading worksheets
- Classification tables
- Food product examples
- Cooking ingredients
- Preservative labels

- Observation - Research activities - Oral presentations
- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Label interpretation skills

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Applications in agriculture
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Applications in medicine and health

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain soil pH management using acids and bases
- Identify fertilizer applications
- Show understanding of agricultural chemistry

- Discuss soil acidity testing
- Explore lime application to neutralize acidic soils
- Study fertilizer use in farming
- Connect with Agriculture and Nutrition concepts

How do farmers use acids and bases to improve soil quality?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Soil testing materials
- Agricultural examples
- pH testing demonstrations
- Medicine examples
- Antacid products
- Medical application research

- Practical demonstrations - Assessment rubrics - Cross-curricular connections

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Applications in cleaning and industry
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Review and synthesis of concepts
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Problem-solving with acids and bases
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Integration and future applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain cleaning applications of acids and bases
- Identify industrial uses of acids and bases
- Show appreciation for chemical solutions in industry

- Study toilet cleaners containing acids
- Explore soap and detergent base content
- Discuss car battery acid applications
- Research industrial acid and base uses

What roles do acids and bases play in cleaning and industrial processes?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Cleaning product examples
- Industrial application images
- Safety material examples
Master Integrated Science pg. 95-105
- Review materials
- Concept mapping resources
- Unknown solution samples
- Various indicators
- Problem scenarios
- Career information resources
- Future learning pathways

- Practical demonstrations - Assessment rubrics - Industrial application analysis