Numbers

Whole Numbers - Place value and total value (up to hundreds of millions)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the place value of digits up to hundreds of millions in real life
- Explain the concept of place value in numbers
- Show interest in identifying place values of digits in numbers

- Identify and write place value and total value of digits using place value apparatus
- Work in groups to make number cards like the ones shown on page 1
- Arrange the cards in any order to form 9-digit numbers
- Use a place value chart to identify the place value of each digit in the numbers

Why do we write numbers in words and/or symbols?

Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 1
- Place value apparatus
- Number cards
- Place value charts
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 2

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Total value of digits in a number
Whole Numbers - Reading and writing numbers using cards
Whole Numbers - Reading and writing numbers using number charts
Whole Numbers - Reading and writing numbers in words

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the total value of a digit
- Calculate the total value of digits up to hundreds of millions
- Show interest in identifying total values of digits

- In pairs, discuss how to identify the total value of digits in a number
- Use place value charts to determine the total value of digits
- Solve problems involving total value of digits

What is the meaning of total value?

Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 3
- Place value charts
- Number cards
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 4
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 5
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 6
- Number charts
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 7
- Dummy cheques
- Writing materials

- Oral questions - Written tests - Class activities

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Reading and writing numbers in words
Whole Numbers - Rounding off numbers to the nearest million
Whole Numbers - Rounding off numbers to the nearest tens of million
Whole Numbers - Rounding off numbers to the nearest hundreds of million

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert numbers from symbols to words
- Solve problems involving writing numbers in words
- Value writing numbers in words in real life

- Practice writing different numbers in words
- Convert numbers from words to symbols
- Discuss where numbers in words are used in real life

Where do we use numbers in words in real life?

Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 8
- Dummy cheques
- Writing materials
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 9
- Place value charts
- Number cards
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 10
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 11

- Written assignments - Oral questions - Observation

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Classification of natural numbers (even and odd)
Whole Numbers - Classification of natural numbers (prime numbers)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify even and odd numbers
- Classify numbers as even or odd
- Show interest in classifying numbers

- Sort numbers into those divisible by two and those that are not
- Study pictures of bench arrangements with different numbers of bricks
- Note patterns in how the benches slant based on number of bricks
- Classify numbers as even or odd based on divisibility by 2

What are even numbers? What are odd numbers?

Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 12
- Number cards
- Pieces of paper
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 13
- Worksheets

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Addition of whole numbers
Whole Numbers - Subtraction of whole numbers
Whole Numbers - Multiplication of whole numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Add whole numbers with regrouping
- Create and solve addition word problems
- Value the use of addition in real life

- Write and work out addition word questions
- Exchange cards with other learners and work out questions
- Discuss use of place value in addition
- Solve practical problems involving addition

Where do we use addition of numbers in real life?

Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 14
- Blank cards
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 15
- Number cards
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 16

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Division of whole numbers
Whole Numbers - Combined operations of whole numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Divide whole numbers with and without remainders
- Create and solve division word problems
- Value use of division in solving problems

- Make number cards and form 4-digit numbers
- Divide the numbers by a single digit
- Create division word problems
- Solve practical problems involving division

What strategies do we use to divide numbers? When do we use division of numbers in real life?

Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 17
- Number cards
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 18

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers

Whole Numbers - Identifying number sequences
Whole Numbers - Creating number sequences
Factors - Divisibility tests of 2, 3 and 4

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a number sequence
- Identify the rule in a number sequence
- Appreciate use of number sequences

- Study number sequences on number cards
- Identify the rule in each sequence
- Fill in missing numbers in sequences
- Discuss how to identify rules in sequences

What is a number sequence? How do we identify a number sequence?

Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 19
- Number cards
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 20
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 31
- Worksheets

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers

Factors - Divisibility tests of 2, 3 and 4
Factors - Divisibility tests of 5, 6 and 8

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the divisibility test for 3
- Apply the divisibility test for 3 to identify numbers divisible by 3
- Value the use of divisibility tests in problem solving

- Study numbers on cards and divide them by 3
- Identify numbers divisible by 3
- Calculate sum of digits in numbers divisible by 3
- Discuss the divisibility test for 3

How do we use factors in day to day activities?

Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 32
- Blank number cards
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 33
- Number cards
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 34
- Worksheets

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Factors - Divisibility tests of 9, 10 and 11
Factors - Composite numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the divisibility tests for 9, 10, and 11
- Apply divisibility tests for 9, 10, and 11
- Show interest in using divisibility tests

- Study numbers on cards and divide them by 9
- Calculate sum of digits to test divisibility by 9
- Check last digit for divisibility by 10
- Work out difference between sums of alternating digits for divisibility by 11

How do we test if a number is divisible by 9, 10, or 11?

Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 35
- Blank cards
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 36
- Number charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers

Factors - Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) and Least Common Multiple (LCM)
Fractions - Comparing fractions
Fractions - Comparing fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define Greatest Common Divisor and Least Common Multiple
- Work out the GCD and LCM of numbers by factor method
- Value the use of GCD and LCM in real life situations

- Pick number cards and express numbers as products of prime factors
- Identify common prime factors for GCD
- Pair common prime factors and multiply by unpaired factors for LCM
- Solve real-life problems involving GCD and LCM

How do we apply the GCD and the LCM in day to day activities?

Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 37-38
- Number cards
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 46
- Pieces of paper
- Pair of scissors
- Ruler
- Pair of compasses
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 47
- Fraction charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers

Fractions - Addition of fractions
Fractions - Subtraction of fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Add fractions with the same denominator
- Explain the process of adding fractions
- Appreciate the use of addition of fractions

- Make circular paper cut-outs divided into equal parts
- Shade different parts and represent as fractions
- Add fractions and compare with shaded parts
- Use number line to add fractions

What steps do you follow to add fractions with the same denominators?

Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 48
- Pair of scissors
- Pieces of paper
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 49
- Fraction cards
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 50

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Fractions - Subtraction of fractions
Fractions - Multiplication of fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Subtract fractions with different denominators
- Subtract mixed numbers
- Value the use of subtraction of fractions in real life

- Make fraction cards with different fractions
- Discuss how to subtract fractions with different denominators
- Convert mixed numbers to improper fractions for subtraction
- Solve real-life problems involving subtraction of fractions

What steps do you take to subtract fractions with different denominators? What steps do you take to subtract mixed numbers?

Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 51
- Fraction cards
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 52
- Bottle tops
- Rectangular paper cut-outs

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers

Fractions - Multiplication of fractions
Fractions - Division of fractions
Fractions - Number sequences involving fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply fractions by fractions and mixed numbers
- Explain the process of multiplying fractions
- Show interest in using multiplication of fractions

- Use pieces of paper to create a multiplication chart
- Multiply fractions by mixed numbers
- Convert mixed numbers to improper fractions
- Solve real-life problems involving multiplication of fractions

What steps do we follow to multiply fractions by fractions and mixed numbers?

Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 53
- Pieces of paper
- Piece of chalk/stick
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 54-55
- Fraction cards
- Rectangular paper cut-out
- Ruler
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 57

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers

Fractions - Number sequences involving fractions
Decimals - Place value of digits in decimals
Decimals - Total value of digits in decimals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create number sequences involving fractions
- Create number puzzles involving fractions
- Appreciate the use of number sequences

- Study and complete puzzles with fractions
- Create sequences using different rules (adding, multiplying)
- Create puzzles involving fractions
- Discuss applications of number sequences

How do we create a number sequence?

Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 58
- Worksheets
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 68
- Number cards
- Place value charts
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 69
- Blank cards

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers

Decimals - Multiplication of decimal numbers
Decimals - Division of decimal numbers
Decimals - Division of decimal numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply decimal numbers by whole numbers
- Explain the process of multiplying decimals by whole numbers
- Show interest in multiplication of decimals

- Study fuel costs table and determine amounts for different quantities
- Make number cards with decimal numbers and multiply by whole numbers
- Discuss steps for multiplying decimals by whole numbers
- Solve real-life problems involving multiplication of decimals by whole numbers

How do we multiply a decimal number by a whole number?

Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 70
- Number cards
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 71
- Calculators
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 72
- Chart
- Worksheets
Oxford Active Mathematics pg. 73

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests