GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Introduction. Gaseous exchange in plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


To explain importance of gaseous exchange.

To describe gaseous exchange in plants.

Discussion
Explanations

Q/A: Products of respiration.
Detailed discussion.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 48

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Release of CO2 by plants.
Release of O2 by plants.
Stomata.
Opening & closing of stomata.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe an experiment to show release of CO2 by plants.
To describe the structure and explain the functions of stomata.

Class experiments including control experiments.

Explain the observations made.


Detailed discussion.
Drawing diagrams.

Bicarbonate indicator, boiling tubes, Aluminum foil.
Gas jar,
Glass funnel,
Water plant,
Beaker.
text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 49
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 51

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Stomata and habitats of plants.
Lenticels.
Respiratory surfaces in animals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To relate plant habitats and the no. of stomata.
To explain the variation between number of stomata on the upper and lower face.

Observe number of stomata of prepared slides of hydrophytes and xerophytes.

Discuss the observations.

Prepared slides of hydrophytes and xerophytes.
text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 51

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Gaseous exchange in protozoa.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the mechanism of gaseous exchange in an amoeba.

Q/A: Review diffusion, structure of an amoeba.
Discuss briefly gaseous exchange in and out of amoeba.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 53

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Gaseous exchange in insects.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the mechanism of gaseous exchange in insects

Drawing tracheal system of a grasshopper.
Discuss at length the structure of the tracheal system.
Detailed discussion.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 53, 54

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Breathing in insects.
Number, position and shape of spiracles of insects.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the breathing mechanism in an insect.

Observe breathing movements of live specimens of grasshoppers, locusts or cockroaches.

Live specimens of insects,
Hand lenses,
Boiling tubes.
Live specimens of insects.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 56

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Gaseous exchange in a bony fish.
Gaseous exchange in amphibians.
Gaseous exchange in mammals.
The structure of the lungs.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of gills of a bony fish.
To explain how a gill is adapted to function as a respiratory surface.
To explain the mechanism of gaseous exchange in gills.

To explain adaptations of the lungs to their functions.

Drawing and labeling a gill of a fish; stating the function of each part; and stating how it is adapted to its functions.
Detailed discussion.
Drawing labeled diagrams coupled with explanations.

A gill of a fish.
text book
Wall chart- Respiratory system in man.
Wall charts- Structure of lungs.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 56-57
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 60-1

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Inhalation.
Exhalation.
Thoracic cavity model.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the process of inhalation in man.

Showing movements of ribs during inhalation.
Explain the inhalation mechanism.

Chart / model of a rib cage.
Thoracic cavity model.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 61-62

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Gaseous exchange in an alveolus.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe gaseous exchange in an alveolus.
To explain regulation of breathing in man.

Discussion and explanations.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 64

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Rate of breathing in man.
Intercostal muscles.
Inhaled and exhaled air.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state and explain briefly factors affecting the rate of inhalation / exhalation processes.


To explain the function of intercostal muscles during the breathing system.

Discussion and explanations.
Detailed discussion.
Counting number of inhalations before and after an exercise blow.

text book
Lime water, rib cage model.
Lime water.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 63
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 66

GASEOUS EXCHANGE
RESPIRATION

Diseases of the respiratory system.
Introduction ? Definition and importance of respiration.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state the causes, symptoms and prevention of respiratory diseases.

Discuss cause, symptoms and prevention of whooping cough TB, bronchitis, etc.

Resource person.
text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 67-70

RESPIRATION

Burning food.
The mitochondrion.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe an experiment investigating the gas given off when food is burnt.

Teacher demonstration: Burning a food sample.
Testing for the gas evolved during combustion.

text book
Wall charts- The mitochond-rion

K.L.B. BK 2
PP. 73-74

RESPIRATION

Aerobic respiration.
Anaerobic respiration.
Oxygen ?debt?.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain phases of aerobic respiration.
To state difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
To explain the term ?oxygen debt?.
To explain the effect of ?oxygen debt? on the amount of energy released during respiration.

Detailed discussion.
Writing down equations of food breakdown.

Probing questions.

Detailed discussion.

text book
Glucose
Yeast
Thermometer

K.L.B. BK 2
PP.74-76
K.L.B. BK 2
P.78

RESPIRATION

Applications of anaerobic respiration.
Respiratory substrates & respiratory quotient.
Rate of respiration.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain applications of anaerobic respiration.

Q/A: Products of fermentation process.
Listing down various applications of anaerobic respiration.

text book

K.L.B. BK 2
P. 79

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

The mammalian skin.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Draw and label the structure of the mammalian skin.
To describe functions of parts of the mammalian skin.

Permanent slides of mammalian skin.

K.L.B. BK 2
PP. 86-87

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

The lungs.
The kidneys structure.
The nephron.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the role of lungs as excretory organs.

Describe features of the nephron.

Exposition and discussion.
Discuss features of the nephron.
Draw structure of the nephron.
Label the diagram.

Chart/ model- Mammalian lungs.
Wall-Charts?internal organs of a kidney.
Chart?Kidney nephron.

K.L.B. BK 2
P. 87

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

Urine formation.
The loop of Henle.
Kidney diseases and disorders.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain formation of urine.

Detailed discussion.

chart
Chart-
The nephron.
text book

K.L.B. BK 2 PP 90

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

The Liver.
Deamination.
Other functions of the liver.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw and label a diagram of the liver.

Drawing and labeling diagram of the liver.

Chart-Structure of the liver
text book

K.L.B. BK 2 PP 93-94

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

Liver disorders.
Homeostasis.
The feedback mechanism.
The hypothalamus.
The skin and thermoregulation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name and discuss kidney disorders.
To identify methods of preventing and treating these disorders.

To explain the role of hypothalamus in thermoregulation.

Exposition and discussion.
Exposition and detailed discussion.

text book
Chart-
Schematic diagram of feedback mechanism

K.L.B. BK 2 PP 96-97
K.L.B. BK 2 PP 98

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

Blood vessels and their functions in thermo-regulation.
Homeostatic behavioral activities.
Osmoregulation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the adaptation of blood vessels and their function in thermo-regulation.

Exposition and discussion.
Drawing schematic diagrams.

text book
text book,video

K.L.B. BK 2 PP 98-99

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

Blood sugar.
Diabetes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To discuss effects of insufficient/ excess sugar in the blood.

To explain regulation of blood sugar.

Detailed discussion.



Detailed discussion.

text book

K.L.B. BK 2 PP 101-102