NUMBERS

Whole Numbers: Place value and total value of digits up to hundreds of thousands

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify place value of digits up to hundreds of thousands using place value charts.
- Relate the place value to the value of a number.
- Show interest in relating place values in real life.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Complete a pattern showing numbers from 9 to 100,000.
- Identify place values up to hundreds of thousands using place value apparatus.
- Discuss the place values of hundreds of thousands (HTh), ten thousands (TTh), thousands (Th), hundreds (H), tens (T) and ones (O).
- Write numbers on place value charts.
- Share their findings with other groups.

Where is place value used in real life?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 1.
- Place value apparatus.
- Number charts.
- Number cards.
- Multiplication tables.

- Observation. - Oral questions. - Written exercises.

NUMBERS

Whole Numbers: Place value and total value of digits up to hundreds of thousands
Whole Numbers: Numbers up to hundreds of thousands in symbols
Whole Numbers: Numbers up to hundreds of thousands in symbols

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify and state the place value of digits in up to 6-digit numbers.
- Represent 6-digit numbers on an abacus.
- Appreciate the use of place value in representing numbers.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Write three 6-digit numbers.
- Identify the place value of each digit in the numbers.
- Represent numbers on an abacus.
- Copy and fill place value tables for given numbers.
- Discuss and share with other groups.

How do we represent large numbers?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 2.
- Place value charts.
- Abacus.
- Manila paper.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 3.
- Number cards.
- Word problems.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 4.
- Number charts.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 6.
- Charts with numbers.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Whole Numbers: Reading, writing and relating numbers up to tens of thousands in words

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Read numbers up to 50,000 in words.
- Write numbers up to 50,000 in words.
- Appreciate the use of word forms in representing numbers.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Read and write numbers up to 50,000 in words.
- Form numbers between 1,000 and 50,000.
- Write numbers in words.
- Discuss the results and share with other groups.

When do we need to write numbers in words?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 7.
- Number cards.
- Place value charts.
- Word cards.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 9.
- Charts with numbers.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 10.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Group work assessment.

NUMBERS

Whole Numbers: Ordering numbers up to tens of thousands

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Arrange numbers from the smallest to the largest.
- Compare different 5-digit numbers.
- Develop critical thinking in arranging numbers.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Write six 5-digit numbers on cards.
- Arrange the cards with numbers from smallest to largest.
- Observe and discuss what they notice when arranging numbers.
- Share results with other groups.

Where is ordering of numbers used in real life?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 11.
- Number cards.
- Place value charts.
- Manila paper.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 13.
- Charts with numbers.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Whole Numbers: Rounding off numbers up to tens of thousands

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Round off numbers to the nearest hundred.
- Use number lines to illustrate rounding off.
- Appreciate the importance of rounding off numbers.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Draw number lines marking and labeling equal intervals.
- List numbers on the number line smaller than and greater than midpoint.
- Check whether numbers are nearer to lower or upper hundred.
- Discuss rounding off rules and share with other groups.

Why do we round off numbers?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 15.
- Number lines.
- Number cards.
- Charts with numbers.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 17.
- Manila paper.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Whole Numbers: Divisibility tests of 2, 5 and 10

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify numbers divisible by 2.
- Apply divisibility test of 2 in solving problems.
- Show interest in determining divisibility of numbers.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Divide given numbers by 2.
- List numbers divisible by 2 without remainder.
- Observe patterns in the last digits of numbers divisible by 2.
- Discuss findings and share with other groups.

How can we quickly check if a number is divisible by 2?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 18.
- Number cards.
- Charts with numbers.
- Multiplication tables.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 20.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Whole Numbers: Divisibility tests of 2, 5 and 10

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify numbers divisible by 10.
- Apply divisibility tests of 2, 5, and 10 in solving problems.
- Develop critical thinking in applying divisibility tests.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Identify numbers that are multiples of 10.
- Observe the last digit in each multiple of 10.
- Determine the divisibility rule for 10.
- Apply divisibility tests of 2, 5, and 10 in solving problems.
- Share findings with other groups.

How are divisibility tests for 2, 5, and 10 related?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 22.
- Number cards.
- Charts with numbers.
- Multiplication tables.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Whole Numbers: Highest Common Factor (HCF) and Greatest Common Divisor (GCD)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify factors and divisors of numbers.
- Find pairs of factors for given numbers.
- Show interest in determining factors of numbers.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Write pairs of numbers whose product is a given number.
- List in order the numbers that appear in pairs.
- Identify factors and divisors of given numbers.
- Discuss and share results with other groups.

How do we find factors of a number?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 23.
- Number cards.
- Charts with factors.
- Bottle tops.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 24.
- Multiplication tables.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Whole Numbers: Highest Common Factor (HCF) and Greatest Common Divisor (GCD)
Whole Numbers: Least Common Multiple (LCM)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Find the Highest Common Factor (HCF) of numbers.
- Find the Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) of numbers.
- Show interest in applying HCF and GCD in real life.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- List the factors or divisors of given numbers.
- Identify and list the common factors or divisors.
- Identify the highest of the common factors.
- Solve problems involving HCF/GCD.
- Share results with other groups.

How does finding HCF help us solve real-life problems?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 25.
- Number cards.
- Charts with factors.
- Manila paper.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 27.
- Charts with multiples.
- Multiplication tables.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Whole Numbers: Least Common Multiple (LCM)
Addition: Addition of up to three 6-digit numbers without regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Find the Least Common Multiple (LCM) of numbers.
- Apply LCM in solving real-life problems.
- Show interest in using LCM in real life.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- List the first five multiples of given numbers.
- Identify and write the common multiples.
- Identify the least (smallest) of the common multiples.
- Solve problems involving LCM.
- Discuss and share results with other groups.

How is LCM applied in everyday situations?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 28.
- Number cards.
- Charts with multiples.
- Manila paper.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 29.
- Place value chart.
- Abacus.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Addition: Addition of up to three 6-digit numbers without regrouping
Addition: Addition of up to two 6-digit numbers with double regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Add up to three 6-digit numbers up to a sum of 1,000,000.
- Solve problems involving addition without regrouping.
- Appreciate the use of addition in real life.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Work out the sum of three 6-digit numbers without regrouping.
- Verify the sums using place value apparatus.
- Solve word problems involving addition without regrouping.
- Discuss and share results with other groups.

Where is addition used in real life?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 31.
- Place value apparatus.
- Place value chart.
- Word problems.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 32.
- Abacus.
- Number cards.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Group discussions.

NUMBERS

Addition: Addition of up to two 6-digit numbers with double regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Add numbers with double regrouping.
- Solve problems involving addition with regrouping.
- Develop interest in adding large numbers.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Write numbers in place value charts.
- Add the digits in each place value starting from ones.
- Regroup when necessary.
- Solve problems involving addition with double regrouping.
- Share results with other groups.

Why do we need to regroup when adding numbers?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 33.
- Place value chart.
- Abacus.
- Word problems.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Group discussions.

NUMBERS

Addition: Estimating sum by rounding off
Addition: Creating patterns involving addition

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Estimate sums by rounding off addends to the nearest hundred and thousand.
- Apply estimation in real-life situations.
- Appreciate the importance of estimation in addition.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Round off each addend to the nearest hundred or thousand.
- Find the sum of the rounded numbers.
- Compare the estimate sum with the actual sum.
- Discuss when to use estimation.
- Share results with other groups.

When do we estimate sums in daily life?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 35.
- Number line.
- Number cards.
- Place value chart.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 38.
- Manila paper.
- Charts with patterns.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Subtraction: Subtraction of up to 6-digit numbers without regrouping
Subtraction: Subtraction of up to 6-digit numbers with regrouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Subtract up to 6-digit numbers without regrouping.
- Align digits according to place values when subtracting.
- Develop interest in subtracting large numbers.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Represent 6-digit numbers on an abacus.
- Subtract by removing rings from each place value.
- Read the number represented by remaining rings.
- Discuss the terms minuend and subtrahend.
- Share results with other groups.

How do we subtract large numbers without regrouping?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 40.
- Place value chart.
- Abacus.
- Number cards.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 42.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Subtraction: Subtraction of up to 6-digit numbers with regrouping
Subtraction: Estimating difference by rounding off

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Subtract up to 6-digit numbers with multiple regrouping.
- Solve problems involving subtraction with regrouping.
- Appreciate the use of subtraction in real life.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Represent numbers on place value charts.
- Subtract digits in each place value starting from ones.
- Regroup when necessary.
- Solve word problems involving subtraction with regrouping.
- Share results with other groups.

Where is subtraction used in real life?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 43.
- Place value chart.
- Abacus.
- Word problems.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 45.
- Number line.
- Number cards.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Subtraction: Combined operations (addition and subtraction)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Perform combined operations involving addition and subtraction.
- Follow the correct order in combined operations.
- Show interest in solving combined operations.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Add two numbers.
- Subtract a third number from the sum.
- Work out questions involving addition and subtraction.
- Discuss the order of operations.
- Share results with other groups.

How do we combine addition and subtraction in problem-solving?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 47.
- Number cards.
- Place value chart.
- Word problems.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Subtraction: Creating patterns involving subtraction
Multiplication: Multiplying up to 3-digit by up to 2-digit numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create patterns involving subtraction from up to 1,000,000.
- Identify rules in subtraction patterns.
- Appreciate patterns in real life.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Draw a line 5 meters long on the floor.
- Mark and label equal intervals on the line.
- Move backward at fixed intervals and record numbers.
- Identify the rule in the pattern.
- Create other patterns involving subtraction.
- Share results with other groups.

How can we use patterns involving subtraction?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 48.
- Tape measure.
- Number cards.
- Manila paper.
- Charts with patterns.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 50.
- Multiplication tables.
- Word problems.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Group discussions.

NUMBERS

Multiplication: Multiplying up to 3-digit by up to 2-digit numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply a 3-digit number by a 2-digit number without regrouping.
- Use expanded form to multiply numbers.
- Develop interest in multiplying large numbers.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Multiply 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers.
- Multiply 3-digit numbers by 2-digit numbers without regrouping.
- Use expanded form to multiply numbers.
- Solve problems involving multiplication.
- Share results with other groups.

What methods can we use to multiply large numbers?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 52.
- Multiplication tables.
- Number cards.
- Manila paper.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 53.
- Word problems.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Group discussions.

NUMBERS

Multiplication: Estimating products by rounding off
Multiplication: Making patterns involving multiplication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Estimate products by rounding off factors to the nearest ten.
- Use compatible numbers to estimate products.
- Show interest in estimating products.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Round off each factor to the nearest ten.
- Find the product of rounded numbers.
- Use compatible numbers to estimate products.
- Compare estimated products with actual products.
- Share results with other groups.

When do we estimate products in everyday life?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 54.
- Number cards.
- Place value chart.
- Multiplication tables.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 56.
- Manila paper.
- Charts with patterns.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Group discussions.

NUMBERS

Multiplication: Making patterns involving multiplication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create patterns involving multiplication with products not exceeding 100.
- Continue given multiplication patterns.
- Appreciate patterns in real life.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Create patterns starting with given numbers.
- Apply multiplication rules to continue patterns.
- Find missing numbers in patterns.
- Discuss and share patterns with other groups.

How are multiplication patterns used in real life?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 57.
- Number cards.
- Manila paper.
- Charts with patterns.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Group discussions.

NUMBERS

Division: Division of up to 3-digit by up to 2-digit numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Divide 2-digit numbers by 2-digit numbers.
- Apply division in solving problems.
- Show interest in dividing numbers.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- List multiples of divisors up to the dividend.
- Find the number that when multiplied by the divisor gives the dividend.
- Solve problems involving division.
- Discuss terms like dividend, divisor, and quotient.
- Share results with other groups.

How is division used to solve real-life problems?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 58.
- Number cards.
- Division charts.
- Word problems.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 60.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Division: Relationship between multiplication and division
Division: Estimating quotients by rounding off

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply the relationship between multiplication and division.
- Use multiplication to check division answers.
- Show interest in the relationship between operations.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Multiply two numbers.
- Use the product to complete related division equations.
- Discuss the relationship between multiplication and division.
- Solve problems using the relationship.
- Share results with other groups.

How are multiplication and division related?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 63.
- Number cards.
- Multiplication tables.
- Word problems.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 64.
- Place value chart.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Division: Combined operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Perform combined operations involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
- Follow the correct order of operations.
- Develop interest in solving combined operations.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Multiply two numbers.
- Add another number to the product.
- Work out questions involving multiple operations.
- Discuss the order of operations (DMAS).
- Share results with other groups.

What is the correct order in combined operations?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 65.
- Number cards.
- Charts with order of operations.
- Word problems.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 67.
- Division wheels.
- Number puzzles.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Fractions: Simplifying fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Simplify fractions to lowest terms.
- Use fraction charts to simplify fractions.
- Appreciate the use of simplified fractions.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use fraction charts to simplify fractions.
- Identify equivalent fractions.
- Simplify fractions to lowest terms.
- Discuss and share results with other groups.

Why do we need to simplify fractions?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 72.
- Fraction charts.
- Fraction boards.
- Circular cut-outs.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Fractions: Comparing fractions
Fractions: Ordering fractions with denominators not exceeding 12

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Compare fractions with different denominators.
- Use fraction charts to compare fractions.
- Show interest in comparing fractions.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Get equal rectangular paper strips.
- Divide the papers into different equal parts and shade some parts.
- Compare the shaded parts.
- Use fraction charts and diagrams to compare fractions.
- Share results with other groups.

How do we compare fractions in real life?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 74.
- Fraction charts.
- Paper strips.
- Circular cut-outs.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 76.
- Number lines.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Group discussions.

NUMBERS

Fractions: Adding fractions with same denominator
Fractions: Subtracting fractions with same denominator

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Add fractions with the same denominator.
- Use pictorial representations to add fractions.
- Appreciate the application of addition of fractions.

In pairs, learners are guided to:
- Draw circles and divide them into equal parts.
- Color different parts of the circles.
- Count the total colored parts to find the sum.
- Work out addition of fractions with same denominators.
- Share results with other groups.

How do we add fractions with the same denominator?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 77.
- Circular cut-outs.
- Fraction charts.
- Number lines.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 79.
- Rectangular cut-outs.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Group discussions.

NUMBERS

Fractions: Adding fractions with one renaming
Fractions: Subtracting fractions with one renaming

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Add fractions with different denominators using one renaming.
- Use fraction boards to add fractions.
- Develop interest in adding fractions.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use fraction boards to write equivalent fractions.
- Find common denominators for pairs of fractions.
- Add fractions after converting to equivalent fractions.
- Discuss the process of renaming fractions.
- Share results with other groups.

Why do we need to rename fractions before adding?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 80.
- Fraction boards.
- Fraction charts.
- Circular cut-outs.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 81.
- Rectangular cut-outs.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Group discussions.

NUMBERS

Fractions: Subtracting fractions with one renaming

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve word problems involving subtraction of fractions.
- Apply subtraction of fractions in real-life situations.
- Appreciate the use of fractions in real life.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Write fractions as equivalent fractions with common denominators.
- Subtract fractions with different denominators.
- Solve word problems involving subtraction of fractions.
- Discuss real-life applications of fractions.
- Share results with other groups.

Where do we use subtraction of fractions in daily life?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 82.
- Fraction charts.
- Word problems.
- Rectangular cut-outs.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Group discussions.

NUMBERS

Decimals: Place value of decimals up to thousandths

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify decimals up to thousandths.
- Relate fractions to decimals.
- Show interest in relating decimals to fractions.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Copy and complete a table relating number names, fractions, and decimals.
- Identify the place value of digits in decimal numbers.
- Convert fractions to decimals.
- Discuss and share results with other groups.

How are decimals related to fractions?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 83.
- Place value charts.
- Number cards.
- Decimal charts.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 84.
- Abacus.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Decimals: Ordering decimals up to thousandths
Decimals: Adding decimals up to thousandths

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Arrange decimals from smallest to largest.
- Use number lines to order decimals.
- Develop interest in ordering decimals.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Draw and label number lines with decimals.
- Identify which decimal is larger by comparing place values.
- Arrange decimals from smallest to largest and largest to smallest.
- Discuss and share results with other groups.

How do we compare and order decimals?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 86.
- Number lines.
- Place value charts.
- Number cards.
- Decimal charts.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 88.
- Abacus.
- Word problems.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Decimals: Subtracting decimals up to thousandths

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Subtract decimals up to thousandths.
- Align decimal points when subtracting.
- Develop interest in subtracting decimals.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Represent decimal numbers on abacus.
- Remove rings from place values.
- Subtract decimals aligning the decimal points.
- Solve problems involving subtraction of decimals.
- Share results with other groups.

How do we subtract decimal numbers?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 90.
- Place value charts.
- Abacus.
- Number cards.
- Word problems.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 92.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Simple Equations: Forming simple equations with one unknown

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Form simple equations involving addition and subtraction.
- Represent real-life situations using equations.
- Show interest in forming equations.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Put objects on a beam balance.
- Count objects needed to balance the beam.
- Represent the balancing using equations.
- Form equations to represent real-life situations.
- Share results with other groups.

How do we represent real-life situations using equations?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 94.
- Beam balance.
- Bottle tops.
- Objects of different weights.
- Word problems.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 96.
- Number cards.
- Letter cards.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Simple Equations: Forming simple equations with one unknown

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Form equations involving combined operations.
- Translate word problems into equations.
- Show interest in forming and interpreting equations.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Take a number and perform multiple operations on it.
- Form equations to represent the operations.
- Translate word problems into mathematical equations.
- Discuss and share results with other groups.

How can we translate word problems into equations?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 98.
- Number cards.
- Letter cards.
- Word problems.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Observation.

NUMBERS

Simple Equations: Solving simple equations with one unknown

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve simple equations involving addition and subtraction.
- Use beam balance model to solve equations.
- Appreciate solving equations in real life.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use beam balance to represent equations.
- Remove equal numbers of objects from both sides of the balance.
- Find the value of the unknown.
- Solve equations involving addition and subtraction.
- Share results with other groups.

How do we solve equations involving addition and subtraction?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 99.
- Beam balance.
- Bottle tops.
- Number cards.
- Word problems.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 100.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Group discussions.

NUMBERS
MEASUREMENT

Simple Equations: Solving simple equations with one unknown
Mass - Identifying the gram as a unit of measuring mass

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve simple equations with one unknown involving combined operations.
- Apply equations to solve real-life problems.
- Develop interest in using equations.

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Solve equations involving multiple operations.
- Apply inverse operations in the correct order.
- Solve word problems using equations.
- Discuss real-life applications of equations.
- Share results with other groups.

How can we use equations to solve real-life problems?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 102.
- Number cards.
- Letter cards.
- Word problems.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 160.
- Teaspoons.
- Dry sand or soil.
- Weighing balance.
- Sand bags.

- Written exercises. - Oral questions. - Group discussions.

MEASUREMENT

Mass - Measuring mass in grams

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Measure mass in grams.
- Use a weighing machine or beam balance.
- Record mass measurements accurately.
- Show interest in measuring mass.

The learner is guided to:
- Use a teaspoon to prepare different masses (10g, 20g, 50g, 100g).
- Use a weighing machine or beam balance to measure mass.
- Record measurements in a table.
- Measure mass of various items in grams.

How do we measure mass in grams?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 161.
- Weighing machine.
- Beam balance.
- Various small items.
- Dry sand or soil.
- Various objects.
- Record sheets.

- Observation. - Practical activities. - Written exercise.

MEASUREMENT

Mass - Estimating and measuring mass in grams

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Estimate mass in grams.
- Measure actual mass using weighing machine.
- Compare estimated and actual mass.
- Develop estimation skills.

The learner is guided to:
- Estimate mass of various items in grams.
- Measure actual mass using weighing machine.
- Record estimated and actual mass in a table.
- Compare and discuss results.

Why is estimation of mass important?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 161.
- Weighing machine.
- Various items.
- Record sheets.

- Observation. - Practical activities. - Written exercise.

MEASUREMENT

Mass - Estimating and measuring mass in grams
Mass - Relationship between kilogram and gram

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Improve accuracy in estimation.
- Measure mass of variety of objects.
- Record measurements systematically.
- Appreciate importance of estimation.

The learner is guided to:
- Estimate mass of more objects.
- Measure actual mass using weighing machine.
- Record and compare results.
- Discuss ways to improve estimation.

How can we improve our estimation skills?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 162.
- Weighing machine.
- Variety of objects.
- Record sheets.
- 1kg stone.
- Sand.
- Packets for sand.
- Beam balance.

- Observation. - Practical activities. - Peer assessment.

MEASUREMENT

Mass - Converting kilograms to grams
Mass - Converting grams to kilograms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert kilograms to grams.
- Convert combined measures of kilograms and grams to grams.
- Solve word problems involving conversion.
- Appreciate conversion of units.

The learner is guided to:
- Convert simple measurements in kilograms to grams.
- Convert combined measurements (e.g., 5 kg 175 g) to grams.
- Solve word problems involving conversion.
- Complete conversion tables.

Why do we convert between kilograms and grams?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 163.
- Conversion charts.
- Word problem cards.
- Calculators.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 164.

- Written exercise. - Oral questions. - Group work.

MEASUREMENT

Mass - Addition of grams and kilograms
Mass - Subtraction of grams and kilograms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Add grams and kilograms without conversion.
- Add grams and kilograms with conversion.
- Solve word problems involving addition.
- Show interest in addition of units of mass.

The learner is guided to:
- Set up addition of masses in vertical form.
- Add grams first, then add kilograms.
- Regroup where necessary when adding grams.
- Solve word problems involving addition of masses.

How do we add grams and kilograms?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 165.
- Conversion charts.
- Word problem cards.
- Place value charts.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 170.

- Written exercise. - Oral questions. - Group work.

MEASUREMENT

Mass - Multiplication of grams and kilograms by whole numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply grams and kilograms by whole numbers.
- Solve word problems involving multiplication.
- Apply multiplication skills to real-life situations.
- Show interest in multiplication of units of mass.

The learner is guided to:
- Multiply grams first, then multiply kilograms.
- Regroup product of grams where necessary.
- Solve word problems involving multiplication of masses.
- Share solutions with peers.

How do we multiply grams and kilograms by whole numbers?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 173.
- Multiplication charts.
- Word problem cards.
- Calculators.

- Written exercise. - Oral questions. - Peer assessment.

MEASUREMENT

Mass - Division of grams and kilograms by whole numbers
Time - Identifying the second as a unit of measuring time

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Divide grams and kilograms by whole numbers.
- Apply regrouping where necessary.
- Solve word problems involving division.
- Appreciate division of units of mass.

The learner is guided to:
- Divide kilograms by whole numbers.
- Convert remainder to grams where necessary.
- Add the converted grams to the existing grams.
- Divide the resultant grams by the divisor.

How do we divide grams and kilograms by whole numbers?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 175.
- Division charts.
- Word problem cards.
- Calculators.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 178.
- Wall clocks.
- Stopwatches.
- Digital clocks.

- Written exercise. - Oral questions. - Group work.

MEASUREMENT

Time - Relationship between minute and second
Time - Converting minutes to seconds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Establish the relationship between minute and second.
- State that 1 minute = 60 seconds.
- Complete tables showing equivalent measures.
- Show interest in units of time.

The learner is guided to:
- Use a watch to count how many seconds make one minute.
- Carry out activities for 60 seconds and count repetitions.
- Complete tables relating minutes to seconds.
- Discuss that 1 minute = 60 seconds.

What is the relationship between minute and second?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 178.
- Wall clocks.
- Stopwatches.
- Digital clocks.
- Conversion charts.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 179.
- Word problem cards.
- Calculators.

- Oral questions. - Written exercise. - Observation.

MEASUREMENT

Time - Converting seconds to minutes
Time - Addition of minutes and seconds with conversion

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Convert seconds to minutes.
- Convert seconds to minutes and seconds.
- Solve word problems involving conversion.
- Show interest in conversion of units of time.

The learner is guided to:
- Convert measurements in seconds to minutes.
- Divide by 60 to convert seconds to minutes.
- Convert seconds to minutes and seconds for measurements not divisible by 60.
- Solve word problems involving conversion.

How do we convert seconds to minutes?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 180.
- Conversion charts.
- Word problem cards.
- Calculators.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 182.
- Place value charts.

- Written exercise. - Oral questions. - Group work.

MEASUREMENT

Time - Subtraction of minutes and seconds with conversion

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Subtract minutes and seconds with regrouping.
- Apply knowledge of conversion in subtraction.
- Solve word problems involving subtraction.
- Appreciate subtraction of units of time.

The learner is guided to:
- Set up subtraction of time in vertical form.
- Subtract seconds first, then subtract minutes.
- Regroup from minutes to seconds when necessary.
- Solve word problems involving subtraction of time.

How do we subtract minutes and seconds?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 184.
- Conversion charts.
- Word problem cards.
- Place value charts.

- Written exercise. - Oral questions. - Group work.

MEASUREMENT
GEOMETRY

Time - Multiplication of minutes and seconds by whole numbers
Time - Division of minutes and seconds by whole numbers
Lines - Identifying and drawing horizontal and vertical lines

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Multiply minutes and seconds by whole numbers.
- Apply regrouping where necessary.
- Solve word problems involving multiplication.
- Show interest in multiplication of units of time.

The learner is guided to:
- Multiply seconds first, then multiply minutes.
- Regroup product of seconds when 60 or more.
- Solve word problems involving multiplication of time.
- Share solutions with peers.

How do we multiply minutes and seconds by whole numbers?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 186.
- Multiplication charts.
- Word problem cards.
- Calculators.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 187.
- Division charts.
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 198
- Rulers
- Straight edges
- Chalk board
- Charts with different lines
- Classroom objects

- Written exercise. - Oral questions. - Peer assessment.

GEOMETRY

Lines - Identifying and drawing perpendicular lines
Lines - Identifying and drawing parallel lines
Lines - Uses of various types of lines in real life
Angles - Relating a turn to angles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify perpendicular lines in the environment
- Draw perpendicular lines using different objects
- Appreciate use of perpendicular lines in real life

In groups or in pairs learners are guided to:
- Take a piece of paper and fold it twice to form perpendicular lines
- Open the paper and draw lines along the folds
- Identify perpendicular lines in classroom and environment pictures
- Draw a horizontal line and mark a point on it
- Place a right corner at the point and draw a vertical line
- Draw other perpendicular lines using rulers, books and objects with right corners
- Identify perpendicular lines at home and in school

How are perpendicular lines formed?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 202
- Rulers
- Right angle corners
- Edges of books
- Paper for folding
- Chalk board
- Charts with perpendicular lines
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 205
- Charts with parallel lines
- Classroom objects
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 207
- Charts with different types of lines
- Pictures of objects showing different types of lines
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 208
- Clock face
- Pictures showing angles
- Scissors
- Books
- Doors and windows

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercise - Group discussion

GEOMETRY

Angles - Reading a protractor
Angles - Using a protractor to measure angles
Angles - Identifying the degree as a unit of measuring angle

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify a protractor as a tool for measuring angles
- Read scales on a protractor
- Appreciate use of protractor in measuring angles

In groups or in pairs learners are guided to:
- Examine a protractor and identify its parts
- Observe that a protractor is divided into 180 small units
- Identify that each unit is one degree (1°)
- Observe that a protractor has inner and outer scales
- Practice reading different points on the protractor
- Discuss how to position a protractor to measure angles
- Share findings with other groups

What is a protractor and how is it used?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 212
- Protractors
- Chart showing how to read a protractor
- Pictures with angles
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 213
- Charts with different angles
- Papers with drawn angles
- Rulers
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 210
- Unit angle cut-outs
- Half circular cut-outs
- Paper
- Scissors

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercise - Group discussion

GEOMETRY

Angles - Measuring angles in degrees
Angles - Uses of angles in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Measure different angles in degrees
- Draw half a circle and divide it into equal parts
- Appreciate accuracy in measuring angles

In groups or in pairs learners are guided to:
- Draw half a circle of radius 6 cm
- Divide the half circle into 18 equal parts (each part is 10°)
- Label the divisions on the half circle
- Cut out half of the half circle
- Use the half circle to measure different angles
- Compare measurements using half circle and protractor
- Discuss the importance of accurate measurements

How accurate is measuring angles using different tools?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 212
- Protractors
- Compasses
- Scissors
- Paper
- Rulers
- Charts with different angles
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 209
- Clock face
- Pictures of buildings, bridges, furniture
- Charts showing angles in real-life objects
- Video on angles in environment

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercise - Group discussion

GEOMETRY

3-D Objects - Describing 3-D objects in the environment (Part 1)
3-D Objects - Describing 3-D objects in the environment (Part 2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different 3-D objects in the environment
- Describe the surfaces of different objects
- Appreciate the presence of 3-D objects in our environment

In groups or in pairs learners are guided to:
- Collect different objects such as milk packets, boxes, straws, small pipes, oranges, balls, cubes, marbles, tins
- Study the surface of each object
- Discuss the name used to describe the shape of each surface
- Trace and name the shapes drawn from different objects
- Identify surfaces as rectangular, square, circular or triangular
- Observe that surfaces are either straight or round
- Share findings with other groups

What 3-D objects do we see in our surroundings?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 218
- Various 3-D objects
- Charts with different 3-D objects
- Paper for tracing
- Pencils
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 220
- Cuboid models
- Charts showing parts of a cuboid
- Objects in cuboid shape
- Rulers

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercise - Group discussion

GEOMETRY

3-D Objects - Describing 3-D objects in the environment (Part 3)
3-D Objects - Describing 2-D shapes in 3-D objects (Part 1)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify cubes in the environment
- Describe the features of cubes
- Appreciate the use of cubes in everyday life

In groups or in pairs learners are guided to:
- Obtain a cube and examine it
- Count the number of edges, faces, and corners in a cube
- Measure the edges of a cube and observe they are equal
- Identify that all faces of a cube are equal
- Determine how many faces meet to form a corner
- Identify objects in the environment shaped like a cube
- Compare cubes with cuboids
- Share findings with other groups

What is special about a cube compared to other 3-D objects?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 222
- Cube models
- Charts showing parts of a cube
- Objects in cube shape
- Rulers
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 223
- Cylinder models
- Tin cans
- Pipes
- Charts showing cylinders
- Objects in cylindrical shape

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercise - Group discussion

GEOMETRY

3-D Objects - Describing 2-D shapes in 3-D objects (Part 2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify pyramids and their features
- Describe 2-D shapes found in pyramids
- Appreciate use of pyramids in everyday life

In groups or in pairs learners are guided to:
- Obtain a packet of milk in pyramid shape
- Identify the shapes of faces in the pyramid
- Count the number of edges, faces, and corners
- Recognize different types of pyramids (triangular base, square base, rectangular base)
- Compare features of different pyramids
- Complete a table showing number of faces, corners, and edges for different pyramids
- Identify uses of pyramids
- Share findings with other groups

How many faces, edges, and corners do different pyramids have?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 223
- Pyramid models
- Milk packets in pyramid shape
- Charts showing different pyramids
- Paper for making pyramid models

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercise - Group discussion

GEOMETRY
DATA HANDLING

3-D Objects - Describing 2-D shapes in 3-D objects (Part 3)
Data Representation - Collecting data of about 30 items

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify spheres and their features
- Compare spheres with other 3-D objects
- Appreciate use of spheres in everyday life

In groups or in pairs learners are guided to:
- Obtain a ball in the shape of a sphere
- Discuss the shape of the ball
- Compare a sphere with pyramids, cylinders, cubes, and cuboids
- Observe that a sphere has an all-round surface
- Compare the shape of a ball with an orange
- Identify objects whose shape is a sphere
- Recognize that a sphere has no edges or corners
- Discuss uses of spheres
- Share findings with other groups

What is unique about a sphere compared to other 3-D objects?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 224
- Balls
- Oranges
- Marbles
- Charts showing spheres
- Objects in spherical shape
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 225
- Notebooks
- Pencils/pens
- Recording charts
- Measuring instruments
- Pieces of paper

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercise - Group discussion

DATA HANDLING

Data Representation - Drawing a table to record data
Data Representation - Drawing tally marks of collected data

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Draw tables for recording data
- Organize data in a systematic way
- Appreciate the use of tables in data organization

In groups or in pairs learners are guided to:
- Prepare data collection and recording tools
- Draw tables with appropriate columns and rows
- Record collected data on books or charts
- Organize data systematically in the tables
- Discuss how tables help in organizing information
- Share their tables with other groups

How do tables help us organize data?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 227
- Chart papers
- Rulers
- Pencils/pens
- Collected data
- Sample tables
- Pieces of paper
- Sample tally mark tables

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercise - Group discussion

DATA HANDLING

Data Representation - Preparing a frequency table
Data Representation - Interpreting data represented by frequency tables (Part 1)
Data Representation - Interpreting data represented by frequency tables (Part 2)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Prepare frequency tables from collected data
- Convert tally marks to frequency counts
- Appreciate use of frequency tables in summarizing data

In groups or in pairs learners are guided to:
- Draw tables with columns for data categories, tally marks, and frequency
- Record tally marks for each category of data
- Count the tally marks and record the frequency
- Complete frequency tables for different sets of data
- Discuss how frequency tables summarize information
- Share their frequency tables with other groups

How do frequency tables help us understand data better?

- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 228
- Chart papers
- Rulers
- Pencils/pens
- Collected data
- Sample frequency tables
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 229
- Chart papers with frequency tables
- Sample frequency tables with data
- KLB Mathematics Learner's Book Grade 5 page 231
- Matchboxes or similar objects
- Pieces of paper
- Manila paper

- Observation - Oral questions - Written exercise - Group discussion