GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Introduction. Gaseous exchange in plants.
Release of CO2 by plants.
Release of O2 by plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


To explain importance of gaseous exchange.

To describe gaseous exchange in plants.
To describe an experiment to show release of CO2 by plants.

Discussion
Explanations

Q/A: Products of respiration.
Detailed discussion.


Class experiments including control experiments.

Explain the observations made.

text book
Bicarbonate indicator, boiling tubes, Aluminum foil.
Gas jar,
Glass funnel,
Water plant,
Beaker.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 48
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 49

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Stomata.
Opening & closing of stomata.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure and explain the functions of stomata.

Detailed discussion.
Drawing diagrams.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 51

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Stomata and habitats of plants.
Lenticels.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To relate plant habitats and the no. of stomata.
To explain the variation between number of stomata on the upper and lower face.

Observe number of stomata of prepared slides of hydrophytes and xerophytes.

Discuss the observations.

Prepared slides of hydrophytes and xerophytes.
text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 51

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Respiratory surfaces in animals.
Gaseous exchange in protozoa.
Gaseous exchange in insects.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define a respiratory surface.
To state characteristics of respiratory surfaces.
To identify the environment or medium of operation of respiratory surfaces.

To describe the mechanism of gaseous exchange in insects

Teacher exposes meaning of a respiratory surface.
Discuss at length, giving examples of organisms that have a given respiratory surface.
Drawing tracheal system of a grasshopper.
Discuss at length the structure of the tracheal system.
Detailed discussion.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 53
K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 53, 54

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Breathing in insects.
Number, position and shape of spiracles of insects.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the breathing mechanism in an insect.

Observe breathing movements of live specimens of grasshoppers, locusts or cockroaches.

Live specimens of insects,
Hand lenses,
Boiling tubes.
Live specimens of insects.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 56

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Gaseous exchange in a bony fish.
Gaseous exchange in amphibians.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the structure of gills of a bony fish.
To explain how a gill is adapted to function as a respiratory surface.
To explain the mechanism of gaseous exchange in gills.

Drawing and labeling a gill of a fish; stating the function of each part; and stating how it is adapted to its functions.
Detailed discussion.

A gill of a fish.
text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 56-57

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Gaseous exchange in mammals.
The structure of the lungs.
Inhalation.
Exhalation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down parts of the tracheal system in man.
To describe the function of the parts of a system respiratory.


To describe the process of inhalation in man.

Discuss at length man?s respiratory system.
Showing movements of ribs during inhalation.
Explain the inhalation mechanism.

Wall chart- Respiratory system in man.
Wall charts- Structure of lungs.
Chart / model of a rib cage.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 59
K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 61-62

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Thoracic cavity model.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify similarities between a model thoracic cavity and an actual thoracic cavity.

Teacher presents a model thoracic cavity.
Q/A: Comparing parts of the model cavity and the actual rib cage.

Thoracic cavity model.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 61-63

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Gaseous exchange in an alveolus.
Rate of breathing in man.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe gaseous exchange in an alveolus.
To explain regulation of breathing in man.

Discussion and explanations.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 64

GASEOUS EXCHANGE

Intercostal muscles.
Inhaled and exhaled air.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the function of intercostal muscles during the breathing system.

To test for CO2 in the air we inhale/ exhale.

Detailed discussion.
Counting number of inhalations before and after an exercise blow.

Observe colour changes of lime water, and make deductions.
Brief discussion.

Lime water, rib cage model.
Lime water.

K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 66
K.L.B. BOOK 2
P. 67

GASEOUS EXCHANGE
RESPIRATION
RESPIRATION

Diseases of the respiratory system.
Introduction ? Definition and importance of respiration.
Burning food.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state the causes, symptoms and prevention of respiratory diseases.

Discuss cause, symptoms and prevention of whooping cough TB, bronchitis, etc.

Resource person.
text book

K.L.B. BOOK 2
PP. 67-70

RESPIRATION

The mitochondrion.
Aerobic respiration.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state functions of mitochondrion in respiration.

Drawing structure of the mitochondrion.
Explain function of the mitochondrion.

Wall charts- The mitochond-rion
text book

K.L.B. BK 2
P. 74

RESPIRATION

Anaerobic respiration.
Oxygen ?debt?.
Applications of anaerobic respiration.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe anaerobic respiration.
To explain applications of anaerobic respiration.

Observe set up experiments.
Detailed discussion punctuated with probing questions:

Q/A: Products of fermentation process.
Listing down various applications of anaerobic respiration.

Glucose
Yeast
Thermometer
text book

K.L.B. BK 2
P.77
K.L.B. BK 2
P. 79

RESPIRATION

Respiratory substrates & respiratory quotient.
Rate of respiration.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify respiratory substrates in the body.
To define respiratory quotient.
To calculate R.Q.

Brief discussion/ explanations.

Exposition of definition and its significance.
Problem solving.

text book

K.L.B. BK 2
P. 79

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

The mammalian skin.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Draw and label the structure of the mammalian skin.
To describe functions of parts of the mammalian skin.

Permanent slides of mammalian skin.

K.L.B. BK 2
PP. 86-87

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

The lungs.
The kidneys structure.
The nephron.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the role of lungs as excretory organs.

Describe features of the nephron.

Exposition and discussion.
Discuss features of the nephron.
Draw structure of the nephron.
Label the diagram.

Chart/ model- Mammalian lungs.
Wall-Charts?internal organs of a kidney.
Chart?Kidney nephron.

K.L.B. BK 2
P. 87

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

Urine formation.
The loop of Henle.
Kidney diseases and disorders.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain formation of urine.

Detailed discussion.

chart
Chart-
The nephron.
text book

K.L.B. BK 2 PP 90

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

The Liver.
Deamination.
Other functions of the liver.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw and label a diagram of the liver.

Drawing and labeling diagram of the liver.

Chart-Structure of the liver
text book

K.L.B. BK 2 PP 93-94

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

Liver disorders.
Homeostasis.
The feedback mechanism.
The hypothalamus.
The skin and thermoregulation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name and discuss kidney disorders.
To identify methods of preventing and treating these disorders.

To explain the role of hypothalamus in thermoregulation.

Exposition and discussion.
Exposition and detailed discussion.

text book
Chart-
Schematic diagram of feedback mechanism

K.L.B. BK 2 PP 96-97
K.L.B. BK 2 PP 98

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

Blood vessels and their functions in thermo-regulation.
Homeostatic behavioral activities.
Osmoregulation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the adaptation of blood vessels and their function in thermo-regulation.

Exposition and discussion.
Drawing schematic diagrams.

text book
text book,video

K.L.B. BK 2 PP 98-99

EXCRETION AND HOMEOSTASIS

Blood sugar.
Diabetes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To discuss effects of insufficient/ excess sugar in the blood.

To explain regulation of blood sugar.

Detailed discussion.



Detailed discussion.

text book

K.L.B. BK 2 PP 101-102