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| WK | LSN | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | T/L ACTIVITIES | T/L AIDS | REFERENCE | REMARKS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Revision of holiday assignment |
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| 2 | 1 |
SETTLEMENT
|
Definition of Settlement and Types
Factors Influencing Location and Patterns of Settlement - Geographical Factors |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define human settlement and distinguish between rural and urban settlements. Explain characteristics of rural settlements. Describe functions of urban settlements. Account for urbanisation concept and its origins. |
Q/A on local settlement types and characteristics. Teacher explains settlement definitions and types. Discussion on rural settlements and primary activities. Analysis of urban settlements and secondary/tertiary functions. Study of urbanisation concept from Greek origins.
|
Chalkboard, textbook, exercise books, pen/pencil
Chalkboard, textbook, map of Africa, exercise books |
KLB Secondary Geography Form 4, Pages 198-200
|
|
| 2 | 2 |
SETTLEMENT
|
Factors Influencing Location and Patterns of Settlement - Economic and Other Factors
Settlement Patterns |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain economic factors influencing settlement patterns. Describe the role of defence and security in settlement location. Account for government planning effects on settlement. Analyze cultural practices and historical factors. |
Analysis of economic activities affecting settlement including nomadic pastoralism and arable farming. Discussion on defence considerations and historical hill settlements. Study of government settlement schemes and planning policies. Examination of cultural practices and tribal sentiments affecting distribution.
|
Chalkboard, textbook, exercise books, pen/pencil
|
KLB Secondary Geography Form 4, Pages 202-204
|
|
| 2 | 3 |
SETTLEMENT
|
Distribution of Major Urban Centres in East Africa
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify categories of urban centres in East Africa. Locate capital cities, sea ports and lake ports. Describe mining towns, industrial towns and collecting towns. Account for gap towns and administrative towns. |
Map work identifying major urban centres across East Africa. Discussion on capital cities: Nairobi, Dar-es-Salaam, Kampala. Study of sea ports and lake ports with their functions. Analysis of different town categories with specific examples.
|
Chalkboard, textbook, map of East Africa, exercise books
|
KLB Secondary Geography Form 4, Pages 206-208
|
|
| 2 | 4 |
SETTLEMENT
|
Factors Influencing Growth of Major Urban Centres in East Africa
Case Studies - Thika as Industrial Centre and Kisumu as Lake Port |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain rural-urban migration as a growth factor. Describe natural population growth in urban areas. Account for infrastructure development effects. Analyze industrialisation, mining and tourism impacts on urban growth. |
Discussion on rural-urban migration patterns and causes. Analysis of natural urban population growth and demographic factors. Study of transport infrastructure and accessibility advantages. Examination of industrial development and mining effects on town growth.
|
Chalkboard, textbook, exercise books, pen/pencil
Chalkboard, textbook, map of Kenya, exercise books |
KLB Secondary Geography Form 4, Pages 208-210
|
|
| 2 | 5 |
SETTLEMENT
|
Case Study - Eldoret as Agricultural Collecting Centre
Nairobi City Development |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe Eldoret's location and historical development. Explain factors making Eldoret a leading agricultural collecting centre. Account for Eldoret's growth and expansion. Analyze Eldoret's multiple functions beyond agriculture. |
Discussion on Eldoret's establishment by white settlers and agricultural focus. Analysis of strategic location along Nairobi-Kampala route. Study of collection and export facilities including airport and pipeline. Examination of administrative, educational and tourism functions.
|
Chalkboard, textbook, map of Kenya, exercise books
|
KLB Secondary Geography Form 4, Pages 213-215
|
|
| 3 | 1 |
SETTLEMENT
|
Problems Facing Nairobi and New York City Comparison
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify major problems facing Nairobi City. Describe New York City's location and development factors. Compare growth factors between Nairobi and New York. Analyze similarities and differences between the two cities. |
Analysis of Nairobi's problems including unemployment, housing, pollution and traffic congestion. Study of New York's location on islands and historical development. Discussion on New York's advantages as international centre and transport hub. Comparison of similarities and differences between both cities.
|
Chalkboard, textbook, world map, exercise books
|
KLB Secondary Geography Form 4, Pages 217-221
|
|
| 3 | 2 |
SETTLEMENT
|
Mombasa Port Development and Functions
Rotterdam Port and Comparison with Mombasa |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe Mombasa's location and physical setting. Explain factors contributing to Mombasa's growth as major port. Account for modern developments at Kilindini Harbour. Analyze Mombasa's role as tourist and cultural centre. |
Study of Mombasa's strategic coastal location and island setting. Analysis of railway connection and modern harbour facilities. Discussion on containerisation and Ro-Ro methods. Examination of oil refinery establishment and large hinterland.
|
Chalkboard, textbook, map of Kenya, exercise books
Chalkboard, textbook, world map, exercise books |
KLB Secondary Geography Form 4, Pages 221-224
|
|
| 3 | 3 |
SETTLEMENT
|
Effects of Urbanisation - Social and Economic Problems
Effects of Urbanisation and Solutions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain congestion problems in urban areas. Describe unemployment and pressure on social amenities. Account for environmental degradation in cities. Analyze increased crime and family breakdown issues. |
Discussion on urban congestion during rush hours and events. Analysis of unemployment problems and job market limitations. Study of pressure on educational, health and infrastructure facilities. Examination of pollution, noise and garbage management problems.
|
Chalkboard, textbook, exercise books, pen/pencil
|
KLB Secondary Geography Form 4, Pages 227-230
|
|
| 3 | 4 |
MANAGEMENT & CONSERVATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
|
Introduction to Environment, Management and Conservation
The Need for Environmental Management and Conservation Environmental Hazards: Natural Disasters |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define the terms environment, biodiversity, ecosystem, environmental management and conservation. Explain the relationship between living and non-living components of environment. Outline reasons for environmental management and conservation. |
Q/A: Review previous knowledge on environment from earlier classes. Teacher exposition on key terms with examples. Group discussion on local environmental components. Students identify examples of natural and social environments in their locality. Brainstorming on importance of environmental conservation.
|
Charts showing ecosystem components, Pictures of local environment, Newspaper cuttings on environmental issues
Maps showing conservation areas in Kenya, Photos of endangered species, Economic data charts World maps showing disaster-prone areas, Photos/videos of natural disasters, Richter Scale charts, News reports on recent disasters |
KLB Secondary Geography Form 4, Pages 228-231
|
|
| 3 | 5 |
MANAGEMENT & CONSERVATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
|
Environmental Hazards: Drought, Fires and Other Hazards
Floods: Causes, Effects and Control Measures Lightning, Windstorms, Pests and Diseases Pollution: Types, Causes and Control Measures |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe the causes and effects of drought and desertification. Explain the impact of water spouts, toxic gas leaks, fires and oil spills. Analyze the relationship between environmental degradation and environmental refugees. |
Review previous hazards through Q/A. Detailed discussion on drought and desertification in Horn of Africa. Case studies: Nigeria oil pipeline explosion (2000), Chernobyl nuclear disaster (1984), Bhopal gas leak (1989). Group work on effects of oil spills with Mombasa 2005 example. Students research on environmental refugees in Africa.
|
Maps of drought-prone areas in Africa, Photos of desertification, Newspaper reports on industrial accidents, Charts showing oil spill effects
Maps of flood-prone areas in Kenya, Photos of flood damage, Diagrams of flood control structures, Case study materials Diagrams of lightning formation, Photos of lightning arresters, Maps showing tsetse fly distribution, Health campaign materials, Charts on pest control methods Photos of polluted environments, Charts showing pollution sources, Water quality test kits, Sound level meters (if available), Government policy documents |
KLB Secondary Geography Form 4, Pages 235-236
|
|
| 4 | 1 |
REVISION
Paper 1 Revision Paper 1 Revision Paper 1 Revision |
Section A: Short Answer & Definition Questions
Section A: Calculation & Diagram Interpretation Questions Section B: Map Work |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Revise key geographical concepts and facts -Practice answering short, direct questions -Improve accuracy in providing brief but correct answers |
Students work in groups to answer past paper questions from Section A and then mark each other's work
|
Past Paper 1 exams, marking schemes
Past Paper 1 exams, diagrams, projectors Map extracts from past papers, rulers, calculators |
Geography KLB Book 1-4
Geography Paper |
|
| 4 | 2 |
Paper 1 Revision
Paper 2 Revision Paper 2 Revision |
Section B: Long Structured Questions & Field Study
Section A: Short Answer & Definition Questions Section B: Photograph/Diagram questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Develop detailed, well-structured answers to long questions 11 -Apply knowledge to answer questions -Learn how to answer questions about field studies 13 |
- Students brainstorm and outline answers for past paper questions in groups
-Teacher gives feedback on how to improve answers and structure them better |
Past Paper 1 exams, marking schemes
Past Paper 2 exams, marking schemes, summaries of topics Past Paper 2 exams, photos, diagrams, projectors |
Geography KLB Book 1-4
Geography Paper 1 |
|
| 4 | 3 |
Paper 2 Revision
Paper 1 Revision Paper 1 Revision Paper 1 Revision |
Section B: Long Structured Questions
Section A: Short Answer & Definition Questions Section A: Calculation & Diagram Interpretation Questions Section B: Map Work |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Develop detailed, well-structured answers to long questions -Apply knowledge to answer questions |
- Students work in groups to brainstorm and outline answers for past paper questions.
-Teacher gives feedback on how to improve answers and structure them better. -Practice writing full answers in a timed setting. |
Past Paper 2 exams, marking schemes
Past Paper 1 exams, marking schemes Past Paper 1 exams, diagrams, projectors Map extracts from past papers, rulers, calculators |
Geography KLB Book 1-4
Geography Paper 2 |
|
| 4 | 4 |
Paper 1 Revision
Paper 2 Revision Paper 2 Revision |
Section B: Long Structured Questions & Field Study
Section A: Short Answer & Definition Questions Section B: Photograph/Diagram questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Develop detailed, well-structured answers to long questions 11 -Apply knowledge to answer questions -Learn how to answer questions about field studies 13 |
- Students brainstorm and outline answers for past paper questions in groups
-Teacher gives feedback on how to improve answers and structure them better |
Past Paper 1 exams, marking schemes
Past Paper 2 exams, marking schemes, summaries of topics Past Paper 2 exams, photos, diagrams, projectors |
Geography KLB Book 1-4
Geography Paper 1 |
|
| 4 | 5 |
Paper 2 Revision
Paper 1 Revision Paper 1 Revision Paper 1 Revision |
Section B: Long Structured Questions
Section A: Short Answer & Definition Questions Section A: Calculation & Diagram Interpretation Questions Section B: Map Work |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Develop detailed, well-structured answers to long questions -Apply knowledge to answer questions |
- Students work in groups to brainstorm and outline answers for past paper questions.
-Teacher gives feedback on how to improve answers and structure them better. -Practice writing full answers in a timed setting. |
Past Paper 2 exams, marking schemes
Past Paper 1 exams, marking schemes Past Paper 1 exams, diagrams, projectors Map extracts from past papers, rulers, calculators |
Geography KLB Book 1-4
Geography Paper 2 |
|
| 5 | 1 |
Paper 1 Revision
Paper 2 Revision Paper 2 Revision |
Section B: Long Structured Questions & Field Study
Section A: Short Answer & Definition Questions Section B: Photograph/Diagram questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Develop detailed, well-structured answers to long questions 11 -Apply knowledge to answer questions -Learn how to answer questions about field studies 13 |
- Students brainstorm and outline answers for past paper questions in groups
-Teacher gives feedback on how to improve answers and structure them better |
Past Paper 1 exams, marking schemes
Past Paper 2 exams, marking schemes, summaries of topics Past Paper 2 exams, photos, diagrams, projectors |
Geography KLB Book 1-4
Geography Paper 1 |
|
| 5 | 2 |
Paper 2 Revision
Paper 1 Revision Paper 1 Revision |
Section B: Long Structured Questions
Section A: Short Answer & Definition Questions Section A: Calculation & Diagram Interpretation Questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Develop detailed, well-structured answers to long questions -Apply knowledge to answer questions |
- Students work in groups to brainstorm and outline answers for past paper questions.
-Teacher gives feedback on how to improve answers and structure them better. -Practice writing full answers in a timed setting. |
Past Paper 2 exams, marking schemes
Past Paper 1 exams, marking schemes Past Paper 1 exams, diagrams, projectors |
Geography KLB Book 1-4
Geography Paper 2 |
|
| 5 | 3 |
Paper 1 Revision
Paper 2 Revision Paper 2 Revision |
Section B: Map Work
Section B: Long Structured Questions & Field Study Section A: Short Answer & Definition Questions Section B: Photograph/Diagram questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Master the skills needed for map work questions -Learn to calculate distance, area, and identify features on a map |
- Teacher guides a session on how to answer map questions
-Students practice with a map extract to identify features and calculate distances |
Map extracts from past papers, rulers, calculators
Past Paper 1 exams, marking schemes Past Paper 2 exams, marking schemes, summaries of topics Past Paper 2 exams, photos, diagrams, projectors |
Geography KLB Book 1-4, Students' notes
Geography Paper 1 |
|
| 5 | 4 |
Paper 2 Revision
Paper 1 Revision Paper 1 Revision |
Section B: Long Structured Questions
Section A: Short Answer & Definition Questions Section A: Calculation & Diagram Interpretation Questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Develop detailed, well-structured answers to long questions -Apply knowledge to answer questions |
- Students work in groups to brainstorm and outline answers for past paper questions.
-Teacher gives feedback on how to improve answers and structure them better. -Practice writing full answers in a timed setting. |
Past Paper 2 exams, marking schemes
Past Paper 1 exams, marking schemes Past Paper 1 exams, diagrams, projectors |
Geography KLB Book 1-4
Geography Paper 2 |
|
| 5 | 5 |
Paper 1 Revision
Paper 2 Revision |
Section B: Map Work
Section B: Long Structured Questions & Field Study Section A: Short Answer & Definition Questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Master the skills needed for map work questions -Learn to calculate distance, area, and identify features on a map |
- Teacher guides a session on how to answer map questions
-Students practice with a map extract to identify features and calculate distances |
Map extracts from past papers, rulers, calculators
Past Paper 1 exams, marking schemes Past Paper 2 exams, marking schemes, summaries of topics |
Geography KLB Book 1-4, Students' notes
Geography Paper 1 |
|
| 6 | 1 |
Paper 2 Revision
Paper 1 Revision Paper 1 Revision |
Section B: Photograph/Diagram questions
Section B: Long Structured Questions Section A: Short Answer & Definition Questions Section A: Calculation & Diagram Interpretation Questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Learn to interpret and analyze geographical photographs and diagrams -Practice answering specific questions based on an image -Master key skills like identifying features and describing an activity from a photo |
- Teacher shows how to break down and analyze a photograph.
-Students work on a past paper question involving a photograph, identifying features and describing activities. -Class discussion and teacher feedback on the answers. |
Past Paper 2 exams, photos, diagrams, projectors
Past Paper 2 exams, marking schemes Past Paper 1 exams, marking schemes Past Paper 1 exams, diagrams, projectors |
Geography KLB Book 1-4
Geography Paper 2 |
|
| 6 | 2 |
Paper 1 Revision
Paper 2 Revision |
Section B: Map Work
Section B: Long Structured Questions & Field Study Section A: Short Answer & Definition Questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Master the skills needed for map work questions -Learn to calculate distance, area, and identify features on a map |
- Teacher guides a session on how to answer map questions
-Students practice with a map extract to identify features and calculate distances |
Map extracts from past papers, rulers, calculators
Past Paper 1 exams, marking schemes Past Paper 2 exams, marking schemes, summaries of topics |
Geography KLB Book 1-4, Students' notes
Geography Paper 1 |
|
| 6 | 3 |
Paper 2 Revision
Paper 1 Revision |
Section B: Photograph/Diagram questions
Section B: Long Structured Questions Section A: Short Answer & Definition Questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Learn to interpret and analyze geographical photographs and diagrams -Practice answering specific questions based on an image -Master key skills like identifying features and describing an activity from a photo |
- Teacher shows how to break down and analyze a photograph.
-Students work on a past paper question involving a photograph, identifying features and describing activities. -Class discussion and teacher feedback on the answers. |
Past Paper 2 exams, photos, diagrams, projectors
Past Paper 2 exams, marking schemes Past Paper 1 exams, marking schemes |
Geography KLB Book 1-4
Geography Paper 2 |
|
| 6 | 4 |
Paper 1 Revision
Paper 2 Revision |
Section A: Calculation & Diagram Interpretation Questions
Section B: Map Work Section B: Long Structured Questions & Field Study Section A: Short Answer & Definition Questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Learn to perform calculations -Understand and interpret geographical diagrams and illustrations |
- Teacher shows how to do calculations from tables
-Students practice interpreting diagrams |
Past Paper 1 exams, diagrams, projectors
Map extracts from past papers, rulers, calculators Past Paper 1 exams, marking schemes Past Paper 2 exams, marking schemes, summaries of topics |
Geography KLB Book 1-4
Paper 1 exam |
|
| 6 | 5 |
Paper 2 Revision
|
Section B: Photograph/Diagram questions
Section B: Long Structured Questions |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
- Learn to interpret and analyze geographical photographs and diagrams -Practice answering specific questions based on an image -Master key skills like identifying features and describing an activity from a photo |
- Teacher shows how to break down and analyze a photograph.
-Students work on a past paper question involving a photograph, identifying features and describing activities. -Class discussion and teacher feedback on the answers. |
Past Paper 2 exams, photos, diagrams, projectors
Past Paper 2 exams, marking schemes |
Geography KLB Book 1-4
Geography Paper 2 |
|
| 7 |
Series two exams |
|||||||
| 8 |
Revision of series two exams |
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