Numbers

Integers - Identifying integers in different situations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify integers in different situations
-Use integers correctly in daily life
-Show interest in learning about integers

-Identify integers by carrying out activities involving positive and negative numbers and zero
-Make steps forward (positive) and backward (negative) from a reference point
-Mark a reference point on level ground and make five steps from the reference point in both directions

How small are atoms and are they divisible?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 1
-Number line charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Integers - Representing integers on a number line
Integers - Addition of integers on a number line

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Represent integers on a number line
-Interpret positive and negative values correctly
-Appreciate the use of number line in representing integers

-Draw and represent integers on number lines
-Consider moving forward as positive and backward as negative
-Represent given integers on a number line and share with other groups

Where do we use integers in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 1
-Number lines
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 3

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Integers - Subtraction of integers on a number line

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Subtract integers using a number line
-Solve problems involving subtraction of integers
-Show interest in using a number line for subtraction of integers

-Perform subtraction operations of integers on a number line
-When subtracting a positive integer, move to the left on the number line
-Solve real-life problems involving subtraction of integers

How can we use a number line to subtract integers?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 4
-Number lines
-Charts showing number lines

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Integers - Combined operations of integers on a number line

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Perform combined operations of integers on a number line
-Solve real-life problems involving combined operations of integers
-Value the importance of combined operations

-Perform combined operations of integers on a number line
-Starting at a point, move steps in appropriate directions for each operation
-Solve problems involving combined operations

How do we carry out combined operations of integers?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 6
-Number lines
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Integers - Games involving a number line

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Play creative games involving integer operations
-Create games using a number line
-Show interest in learning more about integers

-Play creative games that involve number lines, for example jumping steps
-Each member to write a question on a card involving addition and subtraction of integers
-Use IT to learn more on operations of integers on number lines

Where do we use integers in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 7
-Number cards
-Internet access

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Fractions - Combined operations involving addition and subtraction
Fractions - Combined operations involving division and multiplication

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Carry out combined operations involving addition and subtraction of fractions
-Apply combined operations in real-life situations
-Show interest in learning about fractions

-Discuss and use the correct order of operations in fractions
-Work out combined operations involving addition and subtraction
-Add fractions then subtract from the sum

How do we use fractions in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 8
-Fraction models
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 11

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Fractions - Combined operations involving brackets

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Carry out combined operations involving brackets
-Apply BODMAS rule in combined operations
-Show interest in learning about combined operations

-Discuss and use the correct order of operations in fractions
-Work out brackets first in combined operations
-Solve real-life problems involving brackets

How do we apply BODMAS rule in combined operations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 13
-Fraction models
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Fractions - Operations on fractions in real-life situations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out operations on fractions in real-life situations
-Apply fractions in solving problems
-Appreciate the use of fractions in daily life

-Discuss and carry out operations on fractions from activities such as shopping
-Solve real-life problems involving fractions
-Apply fractions in real-life situations

How do we use fractions in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 14
-Fraction models
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Fractions - Using IT devices for learning fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Use IT devices for learning fractions
-Play games involving operations on fractions
-Show interest in using IT for learning

-Play games of operations on fractions using IT devices
-Use digital resources to solve fraction problems
-Use IT for enjoyment while learning fractions

How can we use technology to learn about fractions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 14
-Digital resources
-Internet access

-Observation -Oral questions -Digital activities

Numbers

Fractions - Consolidation and assessment
Decimals - Conversion of fractions to decimals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Solve various problems involving fractions
-Apply fractions in real-life situations
-Appreciate the importance of fractions

-Review combined operations on fractions
-Solve a variety of problems involving fractions
-Apply fractions in real-life contexts

How do we use fractions in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 14
-Fraction models
-Assessment tools
-Decimal charts
-Digital resources

-Written tests -Problem-solving tasks -Self-assessment

Numbers

Decimals - Identifying recurring decimals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify recurring decimals
-Represent recurring decimals correctly
-Show interest in learning about recurring decimals

-In groups discuss and classify non-recurring and recurring decimals
-Indicate the recurring digits using appropriate notation
-Convert fractions to decimals and identify recurring patterns

How do we identify recurring decimals?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 17
-Decimal charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Decimals - Converting recurring decimals to fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Convert recurring decimals to fractions
-Apply algebraic methods in conversion
-Value the relationship between fractions and decimals

-Practice converting recurring decimals to fractions
-Use algebraic methods to convert recurring decimals to fractions
-Solve problems involving recurring decimals

How do we convert recurring decimals to fractions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 19
-Conversion charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Decimals - Rounding off decimal numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Round off decimal numbers to required decimal places
-Apply rounding in real-life contexts
-Show interest in rounding decimal numbers

-Discuss and round off decimal numbers to a required number of decimal places
-Apply rounding rules correctly
-Solve problems involving rounding of decimals

How do we round off decimal numbers?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 20
-Decimal charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Decimals - Expressing numbers to significant figures
Decimals - Expressing numbers in standard form

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Express numbers to a required significant figure
-Apply significant figures in real-life situations
-Appreciate the importance of significant figures

-Write decimal and whole numbers to given significant figures
-Identify significant digits in given numbers
-Apply rules for determining significant figures

How do we express numbers to significant figures?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 21
-Number charts
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 23

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Decimals - Combined operations on decimals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Carry out combined operations on decimals
-Apply the correct order of operations
-Value the importance of accurate calculations

-Work out combined operations on decimals in the correct order
-Apply BODMAS rule in decimal operations
-Solve real-life problems involving decimal operations

How do we use decimals in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 23
-Decimal charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Decimals - Applications of decimals in real life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply decimals in real-life situations
-Solve problems involving decimals
-Show interest in using decimals in daily life

-Discuss and apply decimals to real-life cases
-Play games of operations on decimals using IT
-Solve real-world problems involving decimals

How do we use decimals in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 25
-Real-life objects
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Problem-solving tasks

Numbers

Squares and Square Roots - Working out squares from tables

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out squares of numbers from tables
-Apply squares in real-life situations
-Show interest in working with squared numbers

-Read and write the squares of numbers from tables
-Use table of squares to find squares of numbers
-Apply squares in solving real-life problems

What are squares and square roots of numbers?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 25
-Table of squares
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Squares and Square Roots - Squares of numbers greater than ten
Squares and Square Roots - Working out square roots from tables

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out squares of numbers greater than ten
-Use standard form in finding squares
-Appreciate the relationship between standard form and squares

-Use standard form to find squares of large numbers
-Find squares of numbers between zero and one
-Apply squares in solving real-life problems

How do we find squares of large numbers?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 29
-Table of squares
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 31
-Table of square roots

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Squares and Square Roots - Square roots of numbers greater than 100

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out square roots of numbers greater than 100
-Use standard form in finding square roots
-Value the relationship between standard form and square roots

-Use standard form to find square roots of large numbers
-Find square roots of numbers between zero and one
-Apply square roots in solving real-life problems

How do we find square roots of large numbers?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 33
-Table of square roots
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Squares and Square Roots - Using a calculator for squares

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out squares of numbers using a calculator
-Apply calculator skills effectively
-Show interest in using calculators in mathematics

-Practice working out squares using a calculator
-Compare results from calculator with table values
-Solve real-life problems involving squares

How do we use calculators to find squares?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 35
-Calculators
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Calculator activities

Numbers

Squares and Square Roots - Using a calculator for square roots

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out square roots of numbers using a calculator
-Apply calculator skills effectively
-Appreciate technology in mathematical calculations

-Practice working out square roots using a calculator
-Compare results from calculator with table values
-Solve real-life problems involving square roots

How do we use calculators to find square roots?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 36
-Calculators
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Identifying rates
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Working out rates

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify rates in different situations
-Recognize rates as quotients of different units
-Show interest in learning about rates

-Using a mobile phone, note the amount of airtime available
-Make calls and check the airtime used
-Compare different call rates from service providers

How do we use rates in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 36
-Mobile phones (if available)
-Rate charts
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 37
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Expressing fractions as ratios

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Express fractions as ratios in real life situations
-Convert between fractions and ratios
-Show interest in the relationship between fractions and ratios

-Use cut-outs to relate fractions to ratios
-Express fractions in the form a:b
-Solve problems involving conversion between fractions and ratios

How do we use ratios in daily activities?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 39
-Fraction models
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Comparing two ratios

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Compare two ratios in different situations
-Determine which ratio is greater
-Appreciate the importance of comparing ratios

-Use strips of paper to compare ratios
-Express ratios as fractions with common denominators
-Compare numerators to determine the greater ratio

How do we compare ratios?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 41
-Paper strips
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Comparing three ratios

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Compare three ratios in different situations
-Arrange ratios in order of magnitude
-Show interest in comparing multiple ratios

-Write ratios as fractions with common denominators
-Compare numerators to arrange ratios
-Solve problems involving multiple ratios

How do we compare multiple ratios?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 43
-Ratio charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Dividing quantities in given ratios
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Working out ratios

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Divide quantities in given ratios
-Apply ratio division in real-life situations
-Value fair division of resources

-Discuss and share quantities of concrete objects in different ratios
-Divide a quantity into parts proportional to the ratio
-Solve real-life problems involving division in a ratio

How do we divide quantities in a given ratio?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 46
-Concrete objects
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 48
-Ratio charts

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Ratio increase

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out increase of quantities using ratios
-Apply ratio increase in real-life situations
-Value the importance of ratios in quantity changes

-Increase quantities in given ratios
-Find quantities after ratio increases
-Solve real-life problems involving ratio increases

How do we use ratios to increase quantities?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 50
-Ratio charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Ratio decrease

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out decrease of quantities using ratios
-Apply ratio decrease in real-life situations
-Show interest in ratio applications

-Decrease quantities in given ratios
-Find quantities after ratio decreases
-Solve real-life problems involving ratio decreases

How do we use ratios to decrease quantities?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 51
-Ratio charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Percentage change

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out percentage change of given quantities
-Calculate percentage increase and decrease
-Appreciate percentage change in real-life contexts

-Discuss and determine percentage increase and decrease
-Calculate percentage change using formulas
-Solve real-life problems involving percentage change

How do we calculate percentage change?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 52
-Percentage charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Direct proportion
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Working out direct proportions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify direct proportions in real life situations
-Recognize when quantities vary in the same ratio
-Show interest in proportional relationships

-Role play shopping activities to show direct relationships
-Identify when quantities increase or decrease in the same ratio
-Create tables of directly proportional quantities

How do we identify direct proportion?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 53
-Proportion charts
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 54

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Indirect proportion

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify indirect proportions in real life situations
-Recognize when products of quantities remain constant
-Show interest in inverse relationships

-Use hourglass to show indirect relationships
-Identify when one quantity increases as another decreases
-Create tables of indirectly proportional quantities

How do we identify indirect proportion?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 54
-Hourglass (if available)
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Working out indirect proportions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out indirect proportions in real life situations
-Apply indirect proportion in problem-solving
-Appreciate the concept of inverse relationship

-Complete tables of indirectly proportional quantities
-Calculate unknown values using indirect proportion
-Solve real-life problems involving indirect proportion

How do we calculate using indirect proportion?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 55
-Proportion charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Factorization of algebraic expressions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify like terms in algebraic expressions
-Find the highest common factor of terms in expressions
-Show interest in learning algebraic expressions

-Discuss and identify like and unlike terms in expressions
-Find the highest common factor of terms in algebraic expressions
-Write algebraic expressions for real-life situations

How do we factorize algebraic expressions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 56
-Algebra tiles
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Factorization using the HCF
Algebraic Expressions - Addition and subtraction of algebraic fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Factorize algebraic expressions using the HCF
-Express algebraic expressions as a product of factors
-Value the importance of factorization

-Write expressions as a product of the highest common factor and the other factor
-Practice factorizing different algebraic expressions
-Use factorization to solve problems

How do we factorize algebraic expressions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 57
-Algebra tiles
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 58
-Algebra charts

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Simplification of algebraic fractions by factorization

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Simplify algebraic fractions by factorization
-Use factorization to simplify complex fractions
-Appreciate the use of factorization in simplification

-Write numerator and denominator as products of factors
-Identify and cancel common factors
-Simplify algebraic fractions using factorization

How do we simplify algebraic fractions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 59
-Algebra charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Evaluating algebraic expressions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Evaluate algebraic expressions by substituting values
-Apply substitution to solve problems
-Show interest in evaluating expressions

-Discuss how to substitute given numerical values in expressions
-Practice evaluating expressions with given values
-Apply substitution to real-life situations

How do we evaluate algebraic expressions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 60
-Algebra charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Applications of algebraic expressions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply algebraic expressions in real-life situations
-Form expressions from word problems
-Value the importance of algebraic expressions

-Form algebraic expressions from real-life situations
-Evaluate expressions for given values
-Use IT to practice algebraic expressions

How do we apply algebraic expressions in real life?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 61
-Digital resources
-Internet access

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Algebra

Linear Equations - Forming linear equations in two unknowns
Linear Equations - Forming related linear equations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Form linear equations in two unknowns
-Translate word problems into equations
-Show interest in linear equations

-Role play activities such as shopping on two different items to form linear equations
-Represent price of items using letters
-Form equations from real-life situations

How do we solve linear equations in two unknowns?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 62
-Shop setup materials
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 64

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Algebra

Linear Equations - Solving linear equations by substitution method

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Solve linear equations using substitution method
-Apply the method to solve simultaneous equations
-Show interest in using substitution method

-Express one unknown in terms of the other
-Substitute the expression in the other equation
-Practice solving equations using substitution method

How do we solve linear equations in two unknowns?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 66
-Equation charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Algebra

Linear Equations - More on substitution method

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply substitution method to various equations
-Solve complex simultaneous equations
-Appreciate the substitution method

-Solve different types of linear equations using substitution
-Apply substitution method to practical problems
-Compare solutions with other methods

How do we apply substitution method to different equations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 67
-Equation charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Algebra

Linear Equations - Solving linear equations by elimination method

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Solve linear equations using elimination method
-Apply the method to solve simultaneous equations
-Show interest in using elimination method

-Multiply equations by suitable numbers to make coefficients equal
-Eliminate one unknown by addition or subtraction
-Practice solving equations using elimination method

How do we solve linear equations by elimination?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 68
-Equation charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Algebra

Linear Equations - More on elimination method
Linear Equations - Applying linear equations in real-life situations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply elimination method to various equations
-Solve complex simultaneous equations
-Appreciate the elimination method

-Solve different types of linear equations using elimination
-Apply elimination method to practical problems
-Compare elimination with substitution method

When do we prefer elimination over substitution?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 70
-Equation charts
-Digital resources
-Internet access

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Circles - Working out the circumference of a circle

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out the circumference of a circle
-Apply the formula for circumference in calculations
-Show interest in learning about circles

-Wrap a paper strip around a cylinder and mark the start and end points
-Measure the distance between the marked points
-Calculate circumference using the formula C = πd
-Solve real-life problems involving circumference

How do we determine the circumference of a circle?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 71
-Circular objects
-Measuring tape or ruler

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Circles - Working out the circumference of circles in real life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply knowledge of circumference in real-life contexts
-Calculate the circumference of circular objects
-Value the importance of circles in everyday life

-Discuss and find the circumference of different circular objects in the environment
-Measure diameter and calculate circumference
-Solve real-life problems involving circumference

How do we use circles in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 73
-Circular objects
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Circles - Working out the length of an arc

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out the length of an arc of a circle
-Apply the formula for arc length in calculations
-Show interest in arc lengths

-Draw a circle and cut it out
-Fold the cut-out into four equal parts
-Relate the arc length to the circumference
-Calculate arc length using the formula
-Use cut-outs to relate arc length to the circumference

How do we determine the length of an arc of a circle?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 73
-Paper
-Pair of compasses

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Circles - Working out the length of an arc in real life
Circles - Calculating the perimeter of a sector

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply knowledge of arc length in real-life contexts
-Calculate arc lengths in various scenarios
-Appreciate the use of arcs in daily life

-Calculate arc lengths for different angles
-Solve real-life problems involving arc lengths
-Discuss practical applications of arc lengths

How do we use arcs in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 74
-Circular objects
-Protractors
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 75
-Paper
-Pair of compasses
-Scissors

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Area - Calculating the area of a circle

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate the area of a circle
-Apply the formula for area of a circle
-Value the importance of circular areas

-Draw a circle on a graph paper
-Estimate its area by counting squares
-Calculate area using the formula A = πr²
-Compare the estimated and calculated areas

How do we use area in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 77
-Graph paper
-Pair of compasses

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Area - Working out the area of a circle in real life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply knowledge of circular area in real-life contexts
-Calculate areas of circular objects
-Show interest in circular areas

-Discuss and work out areas of different circles
-Measure radius and calculate area
-Solve real-life problems involving circular area

How do we apply knowledge of circular area?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 79
-Circular objects
-Measuring tools

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Area - Working out the area of a sector

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate the area of a sector of a circle
-Apply the formula for sector area
-Appreciate sectors in everyday objects

-Use cut-outs of sectors from locally available materials
-Express the angle of sector as a fraction of 360°
-Calculate sector area using the formula
-Relate the angle of the sector to the area of the circle

How do we calculate the area of a sector?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 80
-Paper
-Pair of compasses
-Protractors

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Area - Working out the area of a sector in real life
Area - Working out the surface area of cubes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply knowledge of sector area in real-life contexts
-Calculate sector areas in various scenarios
-Show interest in sector applications

-Calculate sector areas for different angles
-Solve real-life problems involving sector areas
-Discuss practical applications of sectors

How do we use sectors in real life?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 81
-Sector models
-Protractors
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 82
-Cube models
-Measuring tools

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Area - Working out the surface area of cuboids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out the surface area of cuboids
-Apply the formula for cuboid surface area
-Show interest in cuboid measurements

-Use a model of a cuboid to identify faces
-Identify pairs of faces with equal dimensions
-Calculate area of each pair of faces
-Apply the formula for cuboid surface area

How do we calculate the surface area of a cuboid?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 84
-Cuboid models
-Measuring tools

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Area - Working out the surface area of cylinders

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out the surface area of cylinders
-Apply the formula for cylinder surface area
-Appreciate cylinders in everyday life

-Make a paper model of a cylinder
-Open the model to identify faces
-Calculate area of circular ends and curved face
-Apply the formula for cylinder surface area

How do we calculate the surface area of a cylinder?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 86
-Cylindrical objects
-Paper
-Scissors

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Area - Working out the surface area of triangular prisms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Determine the surface area of triangular prisms
-Apply the formula for triangular prism surface area
-Show interest in prism measurements

-Use a model of triangular prism to identify faces
-Calculate areas of triangular faces and rectangular faces
-Find the sum of all face areas
-Apply the formula for triangular prism surface area

How do we calculate the surface area of a triangular prism?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 87
-Triangular prism models
-Measuring tools

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Area - Working out the area of irregular shapes
Money - Identifying interest and principal

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out the area of irregular shapes using square grids
-Estimate areas by counting grid squares
-Value the importance of area estimation

-Trace irregular shaped objects on square grids
-Count complete and partial squares
-Estimate areas by adding complete squares and half of partial squares
-Compare estimated areas with regular shapes

How do we determine the area of irregular shapes?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 88
-Square grid paper
-Irregular objects
-Tracing paper
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 89
-Financial brochures
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Money - Calculating simple interest

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate simple interest in real-life situations
-Apply the formula for simple interest
-Value the importance of interest calculations

-Identify principal, rate, and time in scenarios
-Apply the formula I = PRT/100
-Solve problems involving simple interest
-Discuss terms of interest on deposits

What is interest in money?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 91
-Calculator
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Money - More on simple interest

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Solve complex problems involving simple interest
-Find unknown values in interest calculations
-Show interest in financial calculations

-Calculate unknown principal, rate, or time given other values
-Apply simple interest formula in reverse
-Solve real-life problems involving simple interest

How do we calculate simple interest for different time periods?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 92
-Calculator
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Money - Calculating compound interest for one year

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate compound interest for one year
-Understand the concept of compounding
-Appreciate the impact of compounding

-Calculate interest for the first year
-Find the total amount at the end of the year
-Compare simple and compound interest for one year
-Discuss the effect of compounding

How does compound interest differ from simple interest?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 93
-Calculator
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Money - Calculating compound interest for two years
Money - Calculating compound interest for three years

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate compound interest for two years
-Apply step-by-step calculation method
-Show interest in long-term investments

-Calculate interest for the first year and new principal
-Calculate interest for the second year
-Find the total compound interest
-Discuss the growth of investments

How do we pay for goods on hire purchase?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 94
-Calculator
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 95

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Money - Working out appreciation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out appreciation of value
-Apply appreciation calculations to assets
-Show interest in value appreciation

-Research meaning of appreciation
-List items that appreciate in value
-Calculate value after appreciation
-Discuss items worth investing in

How do we calculate appreciation of value?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 96
-Calculator
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Money - Working out depreciation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out depreciation of value
-Apply depreciation calculations to assets
-Understand depreciation in financial planning

-Research meaning of depreciation
-List items that depreciate in value
-Calculate value after depreciation
-Discuss impact of depreciation on investments

How do we calculate depreciation of value?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 97
-Calculator
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Money - Working out hire purchase

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out hire purchase costs
-Compare cash price and hire purchase price
-Make informed financial decisions

-Visit shops with hire purchase options or use digital resources
-Gather information on deposit, cash price, and installments
-Calculate total hire purchase cost
-Compare with cash price and determine the extra cost

How do we pay for goods on hire purchase?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 98
-Calculator
-Brochures from shops
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Construction of parallel lines

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Construct parallel lines using a pair of compasses
-Apply parallel line construction in real-life situations
-Show interest in constructing parallel lines

-Draw line AB and point C above the line
-With C as center and radius length AB, draw an arc above line AB
-With B as center and radius length AC, draw an arc to cut the first arc at D
-Join C to D to form a line parallel to AB

How do we construct polygons?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 100
-Pair of compasses
-Ruler
-Drawing paper

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Construction of parallel lines using a set square
Geometrical Constructions - Construction of perpendicular lines from a point

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Construct parallel lines using a set square and ruler
-Apply construction in real-life situations
-Value the importance of parallel lines

-Draw line ST and point P above the line
-Place one of the shorter edges of a set square along ST
-Put a ruler along the other edge of the set square to touch P
-Slide the set square along the ruler towards P
-Draw a straight line along the edge to create a parallel line

Where do we use polygons in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 103
-Set square
-Ruler
-Drawing paper
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 104
-Pair of compasses

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Construction of perpendicular lines through a point

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Construct perpendicular lines through a point on a given line
-Apply perpendicular construction in solving problems
-Value the use of perpendicular lines

-Draw line EF and point G on the line
-Using G as center and suitable radius, draw two arcs to cut EF at A and B
-With A and B as centers and using the same radius, construct two pairs of intersecting arcs on either side of EF
-Join C to D to form a perpendicular line through G

What is the relationship between perpendicular lines?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 105
-Pair of compasses
-Ruler
-Drawing paper

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Dividing a line proportionally

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Divide a line proportionally
-Apply proportional division in solving problems
-Show interest in proportional division

-Draw lines AB and AC of convenient lengths
-Mark five equal intervals from A along AC
-Join the last point to B
-Draw lines parallel to this line through the other points
-Mark the points where these parallel lines cut AB

How do we divide a line proportionally?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 106
-Pair of compasses
-Ruler
-Set square

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Identifying angle properties of polygons

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify angle properties of polygons
-Calculate interior and exterior angles
-Show interest in polygon properties

-Discuss the relationship between the sum of interior angles and number of sides
-Fill in a table showing the sum of interior angles for different polygons
-Relate the number of right angles to the number of sides
-Calculate individual angles in regular polygons

What are the properties of different polygons?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 108
-Polygon models
-Protractor
-Calculator

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Construction of a regular triangle
Geometrical Constructions - Construction of a regular quadrilateral

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Construct a regular triangle
-Apply triangle construction in real-life situations
-Value the use of regular triangles

-Construct line PQ of required length
-Using P and Q as centers and radius equal to side length, construct two arcs intersecting at R
-Join P to R and Q to R
-Measure the angles to confirm they are all 60°

How do we construct regular polygons?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 112
-Pair of compasses
-Ruler
-Protractor
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 113
-Set square

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Construction of a regular pentagon

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate interior angles of a regular pentagon
-Construct a regular pentagon
-Value the use of regular pentagons

-Find the size of each interior angle of the pentagon (108°)
-Draw line AB of required length
-Using B as center and radius equal to side length, locate C such that angle ABC is 108°
-Continue the process to locate D and E
-Join A to E to complete the pentagon

How are interior angles related to the number of sides?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 114
-Pair of compasses
-Ruler
-Protractor

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Construction of a regular hexagon

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate interior angles of a regular hexagon
-Construct a regular hexagon
-Show interest in regular hexagons

-Find the size of each interior angle of the hexagon (120°)
-Draw line PQ of required length
-At Q, draw the interior angle PQR with QR equal to side length
-Continue the process to locate S, T, and U
-Join U to P to complete the hexagon

What are the properties of a regular hexagon?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 115
-Pair of compasses
-Ruler
-Protractor

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Construction of irregular polygons

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Construct irregular polygons
-Apply irregular polygon construction in real-life situations
-Value the use of irregular polygons

-Given the measurements of sides and angles, draw the first side
-Use measurements to construct each subsequent side and angle
-Complete the polygon by joining the last vertex to the first
-Verify measurements of all sides and angles

How do we construct irregular polygons?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 117
-Pair of compasses
-Ruler
-Protractor

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Construction of circles passing through vertices
Coordinates and Graphs - Drawing and labeling a Cartesian plane

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Construct circles passing through the vertices of a triangle
-Find the center and radius of the circle
-Show interest in circumcircles

-Draw the triangle ABC
-Construct perpendicular bisectors of AB and AC
-Determine the point of intersection O (circumcenter)
-With O as center and radius OA, draw a circle
-Verify that the circle passes through all vertices

What is the relationship between a triangle and its circumcircle?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 123
-Pair of compasses
-Ruler
-Protractor
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 128
-Graph paper
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Coordinates and Graphs - Identifying points on the Cartesian plane

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify points on the Cartesian plane
-Read coordinates of points
-Value the Cartesian coordinate system

-Study points plotted on the Cartesian plane
-Identify the ordered pairs (x,y) for each point
-Discuss how to read coordinates of points in different quadrants
-Write coordinates of given points

What do coordinates tell us about a point's location?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 129
-Graph paper
-Cartesian plane charts

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Coordinates and Graphs - Plotting points on the Cartesian plane

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Plot points on the Cartesian plane
-Apply coordinate plotting in real-life situations
-Show interest in coordinate systems

-Draw a Cartesian plane with appropriate scale
-Given ordered pairs, locate the x-coordinate on the x-axis
-Locate the y-coordinate on the y-axis
-Mark the point where the vertical and horizontal lines from these coordinates meet

Why are coordinates important in real life?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 130
-Graph paper
-Ruler
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Coordinates and Graphs - Generating table of values for linear equations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Generate table of values for a linear equation
-Substitute values in equations
-Value the relationship between variables

-Given linear equations, select appropriate x-values
-Substitute each x-value into the equation to find corresponding y-value
-Record the ordered pairs in a table
-Verify that the pairs satisfy the original equation

Where do we use linear graphs in real life?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 131
-Exercise books
-Calculator
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Coordinates and Graphs - Determining appropriate scale
Coordinates and Graphs - Drawing linear graphs (I)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Determine an appropriate scale for a linear equation
-Convert actual values to scale values
-Show interest in scale selection

-Analyze the range of x and y values in the table
-Choose a scale that allows all points to fit on the graph paper
-Convert actual values to appropriate scale values
-Discuss the importance of suitable scales

How do we choose an appropriate scale?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 133
-Graph paper
-Calculator
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 135
-Ruler
-Pencil

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Coordinates and Graphs - Drawing linear graphs (II)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Draw linear graphs for different equations
-Identify key features of linear graphs
-Show interest in graphical representations

-Generate tables of values for different linear equations
-Plot the points on a Cartesian plane
-Draw the lines representing the equations
-Discuss the gradient and y-intercept of each line

How does changing the equation affect the graph?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 136
-Graph paper
-Ruler
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Coordinates and Graphs - Solving simultaneous equations graphically (I)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Solve simultaneous equations graphically
-Identify the point of intersection
-Value graphical solutions

-Generate tables of values for two linear equations
-Plot both equations on the same Cartesian plane
-Identify the point of intersection
-Verify that the coordinates satisfy both equations

How can we solve equations using graphs?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 137
-Graph paper
-Ruler
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Coordinates and Graphs - Solving simultaneous equations graphically (II)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Solve more complex simultaneous equations
-Determine accurate solutions from graphs
-Show interest in solution techniques

-Generate tables of values for equations with different forms
-Plot both equations on the same Cartesian plane
-Identify the point of intersection with precision
-Interpret the meaning of the solution

What are the advantages of graphical solutions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 138
-Graph paper
-Ruler
-Calculator

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Coordinates and Graphs - Applying simultaneous equations in real life (I)
Coordinates and Graphs - Applying simultaneous equations in real life (II)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply simultaneous equations in real-life problems
-Form equations from word problems
-Value real-life applications

-Translate word problems into linear equations
-Generate tables of values for the equations
-Draw the graphs and find the point of intersection
-Interpret the solution in the context of the problem

Where do we use simultaneous equations in real life?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 140
-Graph paper
-Calculator
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 141

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Coordinates and Graphs - Solving practical problems using graphs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Solve practical problems using graphs
-Make decisions based on graphical solutions
-Appreciate graphical problem-solving

-Study practical problems from different contexts
-Model the problems using simultaneous equations
-Solve graphically and analyze the solutions
-Compare graphical solutions with algebraic methods

Why are graphs useful in problem-solving?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 142
-Graph paper
-Calculator
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Scale Drawing - Representing length to a given scale

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Represent length to a given scale
-Select appropriate scales
-Show interest in scale representation

-Measure lengths of various objects in the environment
-Record measurements in a table
-Identify objects that can/cannot be drawn to actual size
-Use scales to represent lengths proportionally

How do we determine scales in real life?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 143
-Measuring tape/ruler
-Various objects
-Drawing materials

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Scale Drawing - Converting actual length to scale length

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Convert actual length to scale length
-Apply conversion in real-life situations
-Value the importance of scale conversion

-Measure lengths of objects like classrooms, tables, etc.
-Convert actual measurements to scale lengths using different scales
-Draw the objects using scale lengths
-Compare drawings made with different scales

Where do we use scale drawing in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 145
-Measuring tape/ruler
-Calculator
-Drawing materials

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Scale Drawing - Converting scale length to actual length
Scale Drawing - Interpreting linear scales in statement form

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Convert scale length to actual length
-Apply conversion in real-life situations
-Show interest in scale conversion

-Study scale drawings with given scales
-Measure scale lengths in the drawings
-Convert scale lengths to actual lengths
-Verify conversions by measuring actual objects

How do we determine actual sizes from scale drawings?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 147
-Scale drawings
-Ruler
-Calculator
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 148
-Scale diagrams

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Scale Drawing - Writing linear scales in statement form

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Write linear scales in statement form
-Apply statement scales correctly
-Show interest in scale representation

-Study objects with given actual and scale measurements
-Calculate the relationship between actual and scale lengths
-Express the scale in statement form
-Determine actual and scale measurements of other objects using the scale

How do we create an appropriate scale statement?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 149
-Various objects
-Measuring tools
-Calculator

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Scale Drawing - Interpreting linear scales in ratio form

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Interpret linear scales in ratio form
-Understand ratio scales
-Value the use of ratio scales

-Study tables with scale lengths and actual lengths
-Convert both measurements to the same units
-Express the relationship as a ratio in the form 1:n
-Use the ratio scale to find other measurements

How do we read and use ratio scales?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 150
-Scale diagrams
-Ruler
-Calculator

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Scale Drawing - Writing linear scales in ratio form

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Write linear scales in ratio form
-Apply ratio scales correctly
-Show interest in scale representation

-Measure actual objects and their scale representations
-Convert measurements to the same units
-Express the relationship as a ratio in simplest form
-Use the ratio to make scale drawings of other objects

What information does a ratio scale provide?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 151
-Various objects
-Measuring tools
-Calculator

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Scale Drawing - Converting linear scale from statement to ratio form
Scale Drawing - Converting linear scale from ratio to statement form

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Convert linear scales from statement to ratio form
-Apply conversion in real-life situations
-Value different forms of scale representation

-Study scales in statement form (1 cm represents x units)
-Convert all measurements to the same units
-Express the relationship as a ratio in the form 1:n
-Verify that both forms represent the same scale

How are statement and ratio scales related?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 152
-Maps with statement scales
-Calculator
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 153
-Maps with ratio scales

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Scale Drawing - Making scale drawings (I)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Make scale drawings using given scales
-Apply scale drawing techniques
-Value the importance of accuracy in scale drawings

-Measure objects with regular shapes (rectangles, squares)
-Select appropriate scales for drawings
-Convert actual measurements to scale lengths
-Make accurate scale drawings

How do we create accurate scale drawings?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 155
-Drawing paper
-Ruler
-Various objects

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Scale Drawing - Making scale drawings (II)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Make more complex scale drawings
-Apply scale drawing principles
-Show interest in scale drawing applications

-Measure objects with irregular or complex shapes
-Choose suitable scales based on drawing space and object size
-Convert actual measurements to scale lengths
-Create detailed and accurate scale drawings

How do professionals use scale drawings?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 156
-Drawing paper
-Ruler
-Protractor

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Scale Drawing - Solving problems using scale drawings

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Solve problems using scale drawings
-Determine unknown measurements
-Value practical applications of scale drawings

-Study scale drawings with given scales
-Measure parts of the scale drawing
-Convert scale measurements to actual measurements
-Determine unknown dimensions of actual objects

Where do we use scale drawing in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 157
-Scale drawings
-Ruler
-Calculator

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Scale Drawing - Applications of scale drawings
Common Solids - Identification of common solids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply scale drawings in various contexts
-Appreciate real-world applications
-Show interest in practical uses of scale drawings

-Explore applications in architecture, engineering, cartography, etc.
-Examine scale drawings from different fields
-Discuss the importance of scale in different professions
-Create scale drawings for practical purposes

How do different professions use scale drawings?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 157
-Maps
-Blueprint samples
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 158
-Common solid objects

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Common Solids - Characteristics of common solids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Describe characteristics of common solids
-Differentiate between types of solids
-Value the properties of geometric solids

-Examine various solids: cubes, cuboids, prisms, pyramids, etc.
-Identify and count faces, edges, and vertices
-Determine the shapes of faces (triangular, rectangular, etc.)
-Classify solids based on their properties

What features define different types of solids?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 160
-Solid models
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Common Solids - Nets of cube and cuboid

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Sketch nets of cubes and cuboids
-Understand the relationship between nets and solids
-Show interest in nets of solids

-Use boxes with open tops for the activity
-Cut along edges and spread out the faces
-Sketch the shape of the spread faces
-Identify different possible nets for the same solid

How do we use common solids in real life?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 161
-Cardboard boxes
-Scissors
-Drawing materials

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Common Solids - Nets of pyramids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Sketch nets of pyramids
-Understand the components of pyramids
-Value the relationship between nets and solids

-Study pyramids with different base shapes
-Cut pyramids along edges to create nets
-Identify the shapes of faces in the nets
-Draw nets of pyramids with given dimensions

How do nets help us understand solids?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 163
-Pyramid models
-Scissors
-Drawing materials

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Common Solids - Nets of cylinders
Common Solids - Nets of cones

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Sketch nets of cylinders
-Understand the components of cylinders
-Show interest in cylinder properties

-Examine cylindrical objects
-Identify the components (circular bases and curved surface)
-Draw the net showing the rectangular curved surface and circular bases
-Calculate dimensions of the rectangular part from the cylinder's radius and height

How does a cylinder's net relate to its dimensions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 164
-Cylindrical objects
-Ruler
-Drawing materials
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 166
-Conical objects
-Compass

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Common Solids - Surface area of cubes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out surface area of cubes from nets
-Apply the formula for cube surface area
-Show interest in surface area calculations

-Draw nets of cubes with given dimensions
-Calculate the area of each face (all squares of same size)
-Find the sum of areas of all faces
-Derive and apply the formula: SA = 6a²

How do we calculate the surface area of a cube?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 166
-Cube models
-Calculator
-Drawing materials

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Common Solids - Surface area of cuboids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out surface area of cuboids from nets
-Apply the formula for cuboid surface area
-Value surface area applications

-Draw nets of cuboids with given dimensions
-Calculate the area of each rectangular face
-Find the sum of areas of all faces
-Derive and apply the formula: SA = 2(lb + lh + bh)

What's the relationship between dimensions and surface area?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 168
-Cuboid models
-Calculator
-Drawing materials

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Common Solids - Surface area of cylinders

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out surface area of cylinders from nets
-Apply the formula for cylinder surface area
-Show interest in cylinder properties

-Draw nets of cylinders with given dimensions
-Calculate the area of the circular bases and rectangular curved surface
-Find the sum of areas of all faces
-Derive and apply the formula: SA = 2πr² + 2πrh

How do we calculate the surface area of a cylinder?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 170
-Cylinder models
-Calculator
-Drawing materials

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Common Solids - Surface area of triangular prisms
Common Solids - Distance between points on solid surfaces

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out surface area of triangular prisms
-Apply appropriate formulas
-Value the properties of prisms

-Draw nets of triangular prisms with given dimensions
-Calculate the area of the triangular bases
-Calculate the area of the rectangular lateral faces
-Find the sum of areas of all faces

What factors affect a prism's surface area?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 171
-Triangular prism models
-Calculator
-Drawing materials
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 172
-Solid models
-Ruler
-String

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Common Solids - More on distance between points

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Solve complex problems involving distance on solid surfaces
-Apply problem-solving strategies
-Value geometric reasoning

-Study complex paths between points on different faces
-Draw nets showing the points and the path between them
-Calculate distances on different parts of the path
-Find the total distance of the path

How do we determine the shortest path between points?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 174
-Solid models
-String
-Calculator

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Common Solids - Making models of hollow solids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Make models of hollow solids
-Apply knowledge of nets
-Show interest in model making

-Draw nets of solids on paper or cardboard
-Cut out the nets along outlines
-Fold along internal lines
-Use glue or tape to join edges
-Create hollow models of various solids

How do architects and designers use geometric models?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 175
-Paper/cardboard
-Scissors
-Glue/tape

-Observation -Oral questions -Model creation

Geometry

Common Solids - Making skeleton models

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Make skeleton models of solids
-Understand edges and vertices
-Value different model types

-Use straws or wires to represent edges
-Use clay or adhesive to connect at vertices
-Create skeleton models of cubes, prisms, pyramids, etc.
-Compare skeleton and hollow models

What insights do skeleton models provide?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 176
-Straws/wires
-Clay/adhesive
-Scissors

-Observation -Oral questions -Model creation

Geometry

Common Solids - Making compact solid models
Common Solids - Applications of solids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Make compact solid models
-Apply geometric knowledge
-Show interest in solid models

-Use plasticine, clay, or other moldable materials
-Create models of various solids
-Use hollow models as molds for compact models
-Compare different types of models

How do we use common solids in real life?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 177
-Clay/plasticine
-Containers
-Tools for molding
-Sample objects
-Digital resources
-Models

-Observation -Oral questions -Model creation

Data Handling and Probability

Data Presentation and Interpretation - Drawing bar graphs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Draw bar graphs of data from real-life situations
-Apply appropriate scales in drawing graphs
-Show interest in bar graphs

-Collect data on birth months of class members
-Record data in a table
-Choose a suitable scale for the graph
-Draw bar graphs to represent the data
-Compare graphs with other groups

What are the different ways of representing data?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 178
-Graph paper
-Ruler
-Colored pencils

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Data Handling and Probability

Data Presentation and Interpretation - Interpreting bar graphs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Interpret bar graphs of data from real-life situations
-Extract information from bar graphs
-Value the importance of data interpretation

-Study bar graphs representing various data sets
-Identify highest and lowest values
-Calculate differences between values
-Answer questions based on information in the graphs

How do we interpret information from bar graphs?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 180
-Bar graph charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Data Handling and Probability

Data Presentation and Interpretation - Drawing line graphs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Draw line graphs of given data from real-life situations
-Apply appropriate scales in line graphs
-Show interest in line graph representation

-Collect data on temperature at different times of day
-Record data in a table
-Choose a suitable scale for axes
-Plot points accurately
-Join points with straight lines to create a line graph

How do we represent continuous data?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 183
-Graph paper
-Ruler
-Colored pencils

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Data Handling and Probability

Data Presentation and Interpretation - Interpreting line graphs
Data Presentation and Interpretation - Identifying the mode

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Interpret line graphs of data from real-life situations
-Extract information from line graphs
-Value the use of line graphs in data analysis

-Study line graphs showing journeys, prices, etc.
-Identify trends, highest and lowest points
-Calculate changes between points
-Answer questions based on information in the graphs

How do we determine the mean of data?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 185
-Line graph charts
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 187
-Data sets
-Calculator

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Data Handling and Probability

Data Presentation and Interpretation - Mode of grouped data

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Find the mode of grouped data
-Create frequency tables
-Value the mode as a measure of central tendency

-Organize data sets into frequency tables
-Count occurrences of each value
-Identify the value with highest frequency
-Discuss the significance of mode in data analysis

Why is the mode important in data analysis?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 190
-Data sets
-Calculator
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Data Handling and Probability

Data Presentation and Interpretation - Calculating the mean

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate the mean of a set of discrete data
-Apply mean in analyzing data sets
-Show interest in measures of central tendency

-Study data sets of ages, scores, etc.
-Find the sum of all values in the data set
-Divide the sum by the number of items
-Compare means of different data sets

What does the mean tell us about a data set?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 192
-Data sets
-Calculator
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Data Handling and Probability

Data Presentation and Interpretation - Mean of grouped data

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate the mean of grouped data
-Apply frequency tables in mean calculation
-Value the mean as a measure of central tendency

-Create frequency tables for data sets
-Multiply each value by its frequency
-Find the sum of products
-Divide by the total frequency (number of items)

How do we calculate the mean of large data sets?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 193
-Data sets
-Calculator
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Data Handling and Probability

Data Presentation and Interpretation - Determining the median
Data Presentation and Interpretation - Applications of measures of central tendency

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Determine the median of a set of discrete data
-Apply median in analyzing data sets
-Show interest in measures of central tendency

-Study data sets of ages, scores, etc.
-Arrange data in ascending order
-Identify the middle value for odd number of items
-Calculate average of two middle values for even number of items

What is the median and when is it useful?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 195
-Data sets
-Calculator
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 196
-Real-life data sets

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Data Handling and Probability

Probability - Identifying events involving chance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify events involving chance in real-life situations
-Classify events based on likelihood
-Show interest in probability concepts

-Classify events as likely, unlikely, must happen, or cannot happen
-Discuss examples from daily life
-Compare classifications with other groups
-Recognize events that involve chance

When do we consider chances that an event is likely to happen?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 197
-Event cards
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Data Handling and Probability

Probability - Performing chance experiments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Perform chance experiments in different situations
-Record outcomes of chance experiments
-Value experimental approaches to probability

-Flip coins and record heads or tails outcomes
-Toss dice and record number outcomes
-Discuss possible outcomes of each experiment
-Conduct multiple trials and record results

What factors affect probability outcomes?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 198
-Coins
-Dice
-Spinner wheels

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Data Handling and Probability

Probability - Writing experimental probability outcomes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Write the experimental probability outcomes
-Record frequency of different outcomes
-Show interest in experimental probability

-Toss a fair dice multiple times
-Record the outcomes in a frequency table
-Calculate relative frequency of each outcome
-Compare experimental results with theoretical expectations

Why is probability important in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 199
-Dice
-Cards
-Tally charts

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Data Handling and Probability

Probability - Expressing probability outcomes in fractions
Probability - Expressing probability in decimals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Express probability outcomes in fractions
-Calculate probability as a ratio of favorable outcomes
-Value fractional representation of probability

-Flip coins multiple times and record outcomes
-Count frequency of each outcome (heads/tails)
-Express results as fractions of total trials
-Compare experimental results with theoretical probability

How do we calculate probability as a fraction?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 200
-Coins
-Cards
-Recording sheets
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 202
-Spinner wheels
-Calculator

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Data Handling and Probability

Probability - Expressing probability in percentages

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Express probability outcomes in percentages
-Convert between fractions, decimals, and percentages
-Value percentage representation of probability

-Conduct probability experiments
-Calculate probability as fractions
-Convert fractions to percentages
-Interpret percentage probability in real-life contexts

How do percentages help us understand probability?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 203
-Cards
-Dice
-Calculator

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Data Handling and Probability

Probability - Applications in real life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply probability concepts in real-life situations
-Solve problems involving probability
-Value the importance of probability in decision-making

-Discuss real-life applications of probability
-Analyze situations involving chance
-Calculate probability in various contexts
-Use probability to make predictions

How is probability used in everyday life?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 204
-Real-life scenarios
-Digital resources
-Calculator

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments