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SCHEME OF WORK
History
Form 4 2025
TERM III
School


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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
2 1
Cooperation in Africa
Pan-Africanism - Origins and Early Development
Development of Pan-Africanism - Key Figures
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the origin of Pan-Africanism
Explain the role of the African diaspora
Identify early Pan-Africanist leaders
Describe the first Pan-African conferences
Study of Pan-Africanism origins
Research on diaspora contributions
Biographical study of early leaders
Analysis of early conferences
Origin charts
Leader biographies
Conference records
Diaspora maps
Leader comparison charts
Ideological analysis materials
Approach comparison diagrams
Activity timeline
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 60-62
2 2
Cooperation in Africa
Pan-Africanism After 1945
Achievements of Pan-Africanism
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain Pan-Africanism activities after 1945
Describe the Manchester Conference
Analyze the shift to Africa
Evaluate the impact on independence movements
Study of post-1945 developments
Analysis of Manchester Conference
Discussion on continental shift
Research on independence impact
Post-1945 timeline
Conference documentation
Continental shift maps
Independence records
Achievement records
Independence timeline
Consciousness development data
Limitation analysis charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 65-67
2 3
Cooperation in Africa
Organization of African Unity - Formation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the origin and structure of OAU
Explain the Addis Ababa Conference
Describe the OAU Charter
Analyze the dissolution of rival groups
Study of OAU formation process
Analysis of founding conference
Examination of Charter provisions
Discussion on group unification
Formation documentation
Conference records
Charter excerpts
Group unification charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 68-71
2 4
Cooperation in Africa
Organization of African Unity - Structure and Objectives
OAU Performance - Achievements and Challenges
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the structure of OAU
Describe the main organs
Identify objectives and principles
Analyze decision-making processes
Detailed study of OAU structure
Analysis of organizational organs
Discussion on objectives achievement
Examination of decision procedures
Structure diagrams
Organ function charts
Objectives analysis
Decision-making flowcharts
Achievement case studies
Liberation support records
Challenge analysis materials
Performance data
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 71-73
3 1
Cooperation in Africa
The African Union - Formation and Objectives
African Union - Structure and Organs
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the formation and structure of the AU
Explain the objectives of AU
Describe differences from OAU
Analyze the transition process
Study of AU formation
Analysis of AU objectives
Comparison with OAU
Discussion on transition challenges
Formation timeline
Objectives charts
Comparison materials
Transition documentation
Structure diagrams
Organ charts
Institution profiles
Effectiveness analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 76-80
3 2
Cooperation in Africa
East African Community - Formation and Objectives
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the formation of East African Community
Describe the 1967 treaty
Identify EAC objectives
Analyze the organizational structure
Study of EAC formation history
Analysis of founding treaty
Discussion on community objectives
Examination of organizational setup
Formation history charts
Treaty documents
Objectives analysis
Structure diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 81-84
3 3
Cooperation in Africa
EAC - Achievements and Collapse
New EAC (2001) - Revival and Expansion
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain EAC achievements up to 1977
Describe challenges leading to collapse
Analyze reasons for failure
Evaluate lessons learned
Case study of EAC achievements
Analysis of collapse factors
Discussion on failure reasons
Lesson extraction exercise
Achievement records
Collapse factor analysis
Failure reason charts
Lesson documentation
Revival timeline
Membership expansion charts
New objectives analysis
Performance data
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 84-89
3 4
Cooperation in Africa
ECOWAS - Formation and Objectives
ECOWAS - Performance and Challenges
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the formation of ECOWAS
Explain the Treaty of Lagos
Describe membership and objectives
Analyze organizational structure
Study of ECOWAS formation
Analysis of founding treaty
Discussion on West African cooperation
Examination of organizational setup
Formation documentation
Treaty analysis
Cooperation benefits charts
Structure diagrams
Achievement case studies
Trade statistics
Security challenge data
Peacekeeping records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 90-92
4 1
Cooperation in Africa
COMESA - Formation and Structure (Part 1)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the structure of COMESA
Explain The Authority and Council of Ministers
Describe Court of Justice functions
Identify Committee of Governors roles
Study of COMESA organizational structure
Analysis of top-level organs
Discussion on decision-making hierarchy
Examination of judicial functions
Structure charts
Authority function diagrams
Council role analysis
Court procedure materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 93-95
4 2
Cooperation in Africa
COMESA - Structure and Functions (Part 2)
COMESA - Performance and Achievements
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the structure of COMESA
Explain Intergovernmental Committee roles
Describe Technical Committees
Identify Secretariat and Consultative Committee functions
Continued study of COMESA structure
Analysis of technical operations
Discussion on secretariat functions
Examination of consultative processes
Technical committee charts
Secretariat role diagrams
Consultative process materials
Function analysis
Achievement documentation
Trade facilitation data
Project records
Integration progress charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 95-96
4 3
Cooperation in Africa
COMESA - Challenges and Future Prospects
Regional Integration - Comparative Analysis
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the challenges facing COMESA
Explain membership and loyalty issues
Describe economic disparities
Analyze solutions and future prospects
Analysis of COMESA challenges
Discussion on membership conflicts
Study of economic disparities
Brainstorming on solutions
Challenge analysis materials
Membership conflict data
Economic disparity charts
Solution proposal templates
Comparison charts
Success factor analysis
Best practice examples
Future projection materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 97-98
4 4
Cooperation in Africa
Continental Integration - AU and Regional Bodies
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain relationship between AU and regional organizations
Describe coordination mechanisms
Analyze integration challenges
Evaluate prospects for continental unity
Study of AU-regional body relationships
Analysis of coordination mechanisms
Discussion on integration obstacles
Future prospects evaluation
Relationship diagrams
Coordination charts
Integration challenge analysis
Unity prospect materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 76-98
5 1
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
Democratic Republic of Congo - Political situation at independence and Congo Crisis
DRC - Lumumba assassination and Coalition Government
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the political situation in DRC at independence
Describe the Congo Crisis
Analyze the army mutiny and Belgian intervention
Evaluate the Katanga secession
Study of DRC independence context
Analysis of Congo Crisis causes
Discussion on army mutiny
Research on Katanga secession
Independence timeline
Congo Crisis documentation
Army mutiny records
Katanga secession maps
Assassination documentation
Coalition government charts
Political fragmentation maps
UN intervention records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 135-137
5 2
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
The contributions of Mobutu to the history of the DRC
The economic development in DRC between 1960-1994
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the contributions of Mobutu to the History of DRC
Describe his rise to power
Analyze his authoritarian rule
Evaluate his overthrow and legacy
Study of Mobutu's rise to power
Analysis of his policies and rule
Discussion on authoritarianism
Research on his eventual downfall
Mobutu biography materials
Authoritarian rule charts
Policy analysis documents
Downfall timeline
Economic development charts
Mining industry data
Infrastructure project records
Economic decline analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 138-141
5 3
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
Social development in DRC since independence
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the social development in DRC since independence
Describe cultural revival policies
Analyze education expansion
Evaluate social service provision
Study of social development programs
Analysis of authenticity campaign
Discussion on education policies
Research on social services
Social development timeline
Cultural revival documentation
Education expansion records
Social service analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 142-143
5 4
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
Tanzania - Political developments from independence to 1985
The contributions of Mwalimu Julius Nyerere to Tanzania
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the major political development in Tanzania between 1961-1985
Describe the union with Zanzibar
Explain the Arusha Declaration
Analyze one-party state development
Study of Tanzania's independence
Analysis of union formation
Discussion on Arusha Declaration
Research on TANU dominance
Independence timeline
Union formation charts
Arusha Declaration documents
One-party system analysis
Nyerere biography materials
Ujamaa philosophy charts
Leadership analysis documents
Legacy assessment records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 142-144
6 1
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
Tanzania - Transition to multiparty democracy
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe Tanzania's transition to multiparty democracy
Explain Nyerere's retirement
Analyze Mwinyi's reforms
Evaluate democratic consolidation
Study of democratic transition
Analysis of leadership change
Discussion on political reforms
Research on multiparty elections
Democratic transition timeline
Leadership change charts
Reform documentation
Election records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 146-148
6 2
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
The economic development in Tanzania since independence
Social development in Tanzania since independence
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the economic developments in Tanzania since independence
Describe socialist economic policies
Analyze economic reforms from 1980s
Evaluate structural adjustment programs
Study of Tanzania's economic policies
Analysis of socialist experiments
Discussion on economic liberalization
Research on structural adjustments
Economic policy timeline
Socialist experiment data
Liberalization charts
Adjustment program records
Social development charts
Education/health expansion data
Ujamaa village records
Service delivery analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 148-149
6 3
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
Social, political and economic challenges in Africa since independence - Political challenges
Economic and social challenges in Africa since independence
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline the promises African leaders made to their people at independence
Explain political challenges in Africa since independence
Describe ethnic conflicts and border disputes
Analyze military coups and dictatorships
Study of independence promises
Analysis of political challenges
Discussion on ethnic conflicts
Research on military interventions
Independence promise charts
Political challenge analysis
Conflict documentation
Military coup records
Economic challenge charts
Social problem analysis
Health crisis documentation
Solution effort records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 149-152
6 4
Devolved Government
Meaning of devolved government
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the meaning of devolved government
Define decentralization and devolution
Identify the 47 counties in Kenya
Analyze the constitutional basis for devolution
Discussion on devolution concept
Definition and explanation of terms
Map work identifying counties
Study of constitutional provisions
Devolution definition charts
Kenya county maps
Constitutional excerpts
Decentralization diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 154-155
7 1
Devolved Government
Objectives and principles of devolved government
Structure and functions of county government - County Assembly
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the objectives of devolution of government
Describe the principles of devolved government
Analyze democratic participation
Evaluate separation of powers at county level
Study of devolution objectives
Analysis of guiding principles
Discussion on democratic principles
Research on power separation
Objectives analysis charts
Principles documentation
Democratic participation materials
Power separation diagrams
County structure diagrams
Assembly composition charts
MCA role documentation
Legislative process materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 154-155
7 2
Devolved Government
Process of Law Making in the County
County Executive Committee
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the process of law making in the county
Describe bill introduction procedures
Analyze committee functions
Evaluate the governor's role in legislation
Study of law-making process
Analysis of bill procedures
Discussion on committee work
Research on governor's powers
Law-making flowcharts
Bill procedure materials
Committee function charts
Governor powers documentation
Executive structure charts
Governor function diagrams
Executive role documentation
Service delivery analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 156-160
7 3
Devolved Government
Relationship between national and county government
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the relationship between national and county government
Describe cooperation mechanisms
Analyze conflict resolution procedures
Evaluate intergovernmental relations
Study of government relationships
Analysis of cooperation frameworks
Discussion on conflict resolution
Research on coordination mechanisms
Relationship diagrams
Cooperation framework charts
Conflict resolution procedures
Coordination materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 158-159
7 4
Devolved Government
Public Revenue and Expenditure in Kenya
Challenges facing county government and possible solutions
Principles of public finance and The National Budget
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the challenges facing county governments
Explain resource and capacity constraints
Describe corruption and governance issues
Analyze possible solutions and reforms
Analysis of county challenges
Discussion on resource limitations
Study of governance problems
Research on solution strategies
Challenge analysis charts
Resource constraint data
Governance issue documentation
Solution strategy materials
Public finance principle charts
Budget definition materials
Budget process diagrams
Importance analysis documents
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 159-160
8 1
Public Revenue and Expenditure in Kenya
Sources of public revenue for National Government
Sources of revenue for County Government and Expenditure types
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the sources of public revenue
Explain sources of revenue for the national government
Describe taxation systems
Analyze non-tax revenue sources
Study of revenue sources
Analysis of taxation types
Discussion on tax collection
Research on non-tax revenues
Revenue source charts
Taxation system diagrams
Tax collection materials
Non-tax revenue documentation
County revenue charts
Revenue generation materials
Expenditure type diagrams
Spending priority analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 162-163
8 2
Public Revenue and Expenditure in Kenya
Management of public finance - National and County levels
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the management of public finance
Describe control mechanisms at national level
Analyze county financial management
Evaluate oversight institutions
Study of financial management systems
Analysis of control mechanisms
Discussion on oversight roles
Research on accountability measures
Financial management charts
Control mechanism diagrams
Oversight institution materials
Accountability frameworks
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 164-165
8 3
Public Revenue and Expenditure in Kenya
The Electoral Process & Functions of Government in other parts of the world
Financial oversight institutions and Revenue allocation
Electoral process in USA - Presidential elections
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the functions of financial oversight institutions
Describe the role of Controller of Budget
Analyze Commission on Revenue Allocation
Evaluate Auditor-General functions
Study of oversight institutions
Analysis of Controller of Budget role
Discussion on revenue allocation
Research on audit functions
Oversight institution charts
Controller role diagrams
Revenue allocation materials
Audit function documentation
USA political timeline
Electoral process charts
Electoral College diagrams
Campaign procedure materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 165-166
8 4
The Electoral Process & Functions of Government in other parts of the world
Electoral process in USA - Congressional elections and voter qualifications
Functions of USA government - Legislature and Executive
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe Congressional elections
Explain Senate and House elections
Identify voter qualifications
Analyze nomination and campaigning
Study of Congressional structure
Analysis of Senate/House elections
Discussion on voter requirements
Research on nomination processes
Congressional structure charts
Election procedure diagrams
Voter qualification materials
Nomination process documentation
Government structure diagrams
Congressional function charts
Presidential powers materials
Separation of powers framework
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 170-172
9 1
The Electoral Process & Functions of Government in other parts of the world
USA Federal system and advantages
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages of federal system
Explain federal-state relationships
Describe benefits of federalism
Analyze disadvantages of federal system
Study of federal system structure
Analysis of federal-state relations
Discussion on federalism benefits
Research on system challenges
Federal system diagrams
Federal-state relationship charts
Federalism benefit materials
System challenge analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 174
9 2
The Electoral Process & Functions of Government in other parts of the world
Electoral process in Britain - General and by-elections
Functions of government of Britain - Monarchy and Legislature
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the electoral process in Britain
Explain general election procedures
Describe by-election processes
Analyze voter registration
Study of British electoral system
Analysis of election procedures
Discussion on by-elections
Research on voter registration
British electoral charts
Election procedure materials
By-election documentation
Voter registration diagrams
Government structure charts
Monarchy function diagrams
Parliamentary system materials
Legislative process documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 174-177
9 3
The Electoral Process & Functions of Government in other parts of the world
Functions of Britain government - Executive and Judiciary
Electoral process in India - Parliamentary and Presidential elections
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain Prime Minister's role
Describe Cabinet functions
Analyze judicial independence
Evaluate court system hierarchy
Study of executive functions
Analysis of PM and Cabinet roles
Discussion on judicial system
Research on court hierarchy
Executive function charts
PM/Cabinet role diagrams
Judicial system materials
Court hierarchy documentation
Indian electoral charts
Parliamentary election materials
Presidential process diagrams
Political party documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 179-180
9 4
The Electoral Process & Functions of Government in other parts of the world
Functions of government of India - Federal system and institutions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe functioning of India government
Explain federal structure
Analyze Prime Minister's role
Evaluate judicial independence
Study of Indian government structure
Analysis of federal system
Discussion on PM functions
Research on judicial system
Government structure diagrams
Federal system charts
PM function materials
Judicial system documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 183-186

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