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SCHEME OF WORK
History
Form 4 2025
TERM III
School


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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
1

OPENING AND REPORTING OF STUDENTS

1 3
World wars
World war 1 (1914-1918) - Background and Alliance System
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the causes of world war 1
Explain the alliance system before 1914
Analyze the Triple Alliance and Triple Entente
Evaluate how alliances contributed to war
Definition and explanation of alliances
Map work showing European alliances
Discussion on alliance benefits and dangers
Q&A on pre-war tensions
Maps of Europe 1914
Alliance diagrams
Textbooks
Charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 2-4
1 4
World wars
Arms Race and Moroccan Crises
Balkan Nationalism and Sarajevo Incident
Course of World War 1 - Western Front
Course of World War 1 - Eastern Front and Global War
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the arms race between European powers
Describe the First and Second Moroccan Crises
Analyze German-French rivalry
Evaluate the impact on international relations
Discussion on military competition
Case study analysis of Moroccan crises
Statistical comparison of military forces
Timeline creation of crisis events
Statistical charts
Crisis timeline
Military comparison data
Maps of Morocco
Maps of Balkans
Assassination photographs
Ultimatum documents
War declaration timeline
Schlieffen Plan maps
Trench diagrams
Battle photographs
Casualty statistics
Eastern Front maps
Revolution timeline
Global war maps
Colonial participation data
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 3-5
1 5
World wars
End of World War 1 - Allied Victory
The peace settlement - Treaty of Versailles
Results of World War 1 - Political and Economic Impact
The league of Nations - Formation and Structure
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the advantages of allies
Explain reasons for Allied victory
Analyze American entry into the war
Evaluate factors leading to Central Powers defeat
Group analysis of Allied advantages
Discussion on American contribution
Statistical comparison of resources
Timeline of final campaigns 1918
Resource comparison charts
American contribution data
Victory timeline
Statistical materials
Peace conference photos
Treaty documents
Before/after maps
Territorial change charts
Comparative maps
Economic statistics
Empire collapse charts
New nations data
League Covenant
Organizational charts
Membership lists
Collective security diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 11-13
2 1
World wars
Performance of the League of Nations - Achievements
Performance of the League of Nations - Failures
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the achievements of the league
Describe successful interventions
Identify humanitarian work
Evaluate economic and social contributions
Case study analysis of successes
Research on humanitarian activities
Discussion on social achievements
Presentation preparation
Success case studies
Humanitarian reports
Social achievement records
Presentation materials
Failure case studies
Crisis documentation
Structural analysis charts
Debate materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 20-23
2 2
World wars
World War II (1939-1945) - Causes
Course of World War II - Outbreak and Early Campaigns
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the causes of World War II
Explain the failure of peace settlement
Describe the rise of dictatorships
Analyze economic and political factors
Analysis of Versailles Treaty impact
Study of dictators' rise to power
Discussion on Great Depression effects
Cause-and-effect relationship mapping
Treaty impact charts
Dictator biographies
Depression statistics
Causation diagrams
War outbreak timeline
Blitzkrieg diagrams
Campaign maps
Strategy analysis charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 23-27
2 3
World wars
Course of World War II - Global Expansion
Course of World War II - Allied Victory
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the war in Eastern Europe
Explain Operation Barbarossa
Describe Japanese entry and Pearl Harbor
Analyze the global nature of WWII
Study of Eastern Front campaigns
Analysis of Pearl Harbor attack
Map work on Pacific theater
Discussion on global warfare
Eastern Front maps
Pearl Harbor documentation
Pacific theater maps
Global warfare charts
Allied campaign maps
D-Day documentation
Atomic bomb data
Victory timeline
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 26-28
2 4
World wars
Results of World War II - Political Changes
Results of World War II - Economic, Social and Formation of UN
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the results of World War II
Describe emergence of superpowers
Analyze division of Germany
Evaluate impact on colonial empires
Study of post-war political changes
Analysis of superpower emergence
Map work on territorial changes
Discussion on decolonization
Political change charts
Superpower comparison
Post-war maps
Decolonization timeline
Economic impact data
Technology timelines
UN formation documents
Comparison charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 28-29
2 5
International relations
Introduction to International Relations
Formation of International Organizations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss how nations relate with each other
Define international relations
Explain the importance of international cooperation
Identify factors affecting international relations
Definition and explanation of international relations
Discussion on global interdependence
Case study analysis of bilateral relations
Q&A on cooperation benefits
Charts on global cooperation
World maps
Case study materials
Textbooks
Organization charts
Formation timeline
Post-war documentation
Global governance diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 30-31
3 1
International relations
The United Nations - Formation and Principles
UN Organs - General Assembly
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the formation of the United Nations
Describe the San Francisco Conference
Identify UN principles and purposes
Analyze the UN Charter provisions
Study of San Francisco Conference
Analysis of UN Charter
Discussion on UN principles
Comparison with League of Nations
Conference documentation
UN Charter excerpts
Principles charts
Comparison materials
UN structure diagrams
Assembly function charts
Voting procedure materials
Role-play cards
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 30-32
3 2
International relations
UN Organs - Security Council and Others
UN Organs - International Court of Justice
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the composition of Security Council
Describe the veto power system
Identify other UN organs
Analyze the effectiveness of UN structure
Study of Security Council composition
Analysis of veto power impact
Discussion on permanent vs non-permanent members
Examination of other organs
Security Council charts
Veto power examples
Organ function diagrams
Effectiveness analysis materials
ICJ structure charts
Case study materials
International law examples
Dispute resolution records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 32-34
3 3
International relations
Specialized Agencies - ILO, FAO, UNESCO
Specialized Agencies - WHO, World Bank, IMF
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the specialized agencies of the UN
Explain the functions of ILO
Describe the work of FAO and UNESCO
Analyze their impact on global development
Research on specialized agencies
Presentation on agency functions
Discussion on development impact
Case study analysis
Agency function charts
Development impact data
Presentation materials
Case study examples
WHO program data
World Bank project examples
IMF policy documents
Health initiative records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 35-38
3 4
International relations
Performance of the UN - Achievements
Performance of the UN - Decolonization and Human Rights
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the achievement of the UN
Explain peacekeeping operations
Describe humanitarian assistance
Analyze development programs
Case study of successful operations
Analysis of peacekeeping missions
Discussion on humanitarian work
Research on development projects
Peacekeeping mission data
Humanitarian reports
Development project records
Success story examples
Decolonization timeline
Human rights documents
Gender equality data
Democracy reports
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 38-39
3 5
International relations
Challenges of the UN - Structural and Financial
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the challenges of the UN
Explain structural weaknesses
Describe financial constraints
Analyze sovereignty versus intervention
Analysis of UN structural problems
Discussion on funding challenges
Debate on sovereignty issues
Case study of intervention dilemmas
Structural analysis charts
Financial constraint data
Sovereignty debate materials
Intervention case studies
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 39-40
4 1
International relations
Challenges of the UN - Contemporary Issues
The Commonwealth - Formation and Membership
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify modern challenges facing UN
Explain terrorism and security threats
Describe climate change challenges
Analyze reform proposals
Discussion on modern security threats
Analysis of climate change impact
Research on UN reform proposals
Debate on organizational effectiveness
Security threat reports
Climate change data
Reform proposal documents
Effectiveness analysis
Evolution timeline
Membership criteria charts
Association documents
Development records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 39-40
4 2
International relations
The Commonwealth - Principles and Structure
Functions of the Commonwealth
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the principles and ideals of the Commonwealth
Describe the organizational structure
Identify the main organs
Analyze decision-making processes
Study of Commonwealth principles
Analysis of organizational structure
Discussion on equality and cooperation
Examination of organs and functions
Principles documentation
Structure diagrams
Equality examples
Function charts
Function analysis charts
Assistance program data
Trade statistics
Educational exchange records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 42-44
4 3
International relations
Challenges facing the Commonwealth
The Cold War - Origins and Causes
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the challenges facing the commonwealth
Describe economic disparities
Identify political differences
Analyze declining relevance issues
Discussion on Commonwealth challenges
Analysis of economic disparities
Debate on political differences
Research on relevance issues
Challenge analysis materials
Economic disparity data
Political difference examples
Relevance studies
Origin analysis charts
Ideology comparison materials
Tension timeline
Rivalry documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 45-46
4 4
International relations
The Cold War - Iron Curtain and Early Conflicts
Course of the Cold War - European Division
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the Iron Curtain policy
Describe the Truman Doctrine
Analyze the Marshall Plan
Evaluate early Cold War developments
Study of Iron Curtain concept
Analysis of Truman Doctrine
Discussion on Marshall Plan impact
Timeline of early Cold War events
Iron Curtain maps
Doctrine documents
Marshall Plan data
Event timeline
Division maps
Alliance formation charts
Military bloc diagrams
Berlin Crisis documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 48-50
4 5
International relations
Course of the Cold War - Global Conflicts
Easing the Cold War - Détente
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe Cold War conflicts worldwide
Explain the Cuban Missile Crisis
Analyze proxy wars in developing countries
Evaluate superpower competition
Study of global Cold War conflicts
Detailed analysis of Cuban Missile Crisis
Discussion on proxy wars
Research on space race competition
Global conflict maps
Cuban Crisis documentation
Proxy war examples
Space race timeline
Détente policy documents
Arms control treaties
Relation improvement data
Coexistence timeline
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 52-54
5 1
International relations
End of Cold War - Factors and Consequences
Effects of the Cold War
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors that led to end of Cold War
Describe Gorbachev's reforms
Analyze the collapse of Soviet Union
Evaluate the emergence of new world order
Study of Cold War ending factors
Analysis of Soviet reforms
Discussion on USSR collapse
Research on post-Cold War world
Ending factors charts
Reform documentation
Collapse timeline
New world order analysis
Effects analysis charts
Political change data
Economic impact studies
Third World impact records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 54-56
5 2
International relations
The Non-Aligned Movement - Origins
Reasons for the rise of the NAM
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the origin of the Pan-Africanism
Explain the meaning of Non-Aligned Movement
Identify founder members
Describe the Bandung Conference
Study of NAM origins
Analysis of non-alignment concept
Research on founding leaders
Discussion on Bandung Conference
Origin documentation
Concept analysis materials
Founder biographies
Conference records
Formation reason charts
Pressure analysis data
Decolonization timeline
Independence records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 54-55
5 3
International relations
NAM Structure and Organization
Performance of the NAM - Achievements and Challenges
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the structure of NAM
Describe summit conferences
Identify key principles
Analyze decision-making processes
Study of NAM organizational structure
Analysis of summit conferences
Discussion on guiding principles
Examination of consensus building
Structure diagrams
Conference records
Principles documentation
Decision-making charts
Achievement records
Peace contribution data
Challenge analysis materials
Relevance studies
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 56-57
5 4
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
Democratic Republic of Congo - Political situation at independence and Congo Crisis
DRC - Lumumba assassination and Coalition Government
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the political situation in DRC at independence
Describe the Congo Crisis
Analyze the army mutiny and Belgian intervention
Evaluate the Katanga secession
Study of DRC independence context
Analysis of Congo Crisis causes
Discussion on army mutiny
Research on Katanga secession
Independence timeline
Congo Crisis documentation
Army mutiny records
Katanga secession maps
Assassination documentation
Coalition government charts
Political fragmentation maps
UN intervention records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 135-137
5 5
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
The contributions of Mobutu to the history of the DRC
The economic development in DRC between 1960-1994
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the contributions of Mobutu to the History of DRC
Describe his rise to power
Analyze his authoritarian rule
Evaluate his overthrow and legacy
Study of Mobutu's rise to power
Analysis of his policies and rule
Discussion on authoritarianism
Research on his eventual downfall
Mobutu biography materials
Authoritarian rule charts
Policy analysis documents
Downfall timeline
Economic development charts
Mining industry data
Infrastructure project records
Economic decline analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 138-141
6 1
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
Social development in DRC since independence
Tanzania - Political developments from independence to 1985
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the social development in DRC since independence
Describe cultural revival policies
Analyze education expansion
Evaluate social service provision
Study of social development programs
Analysis of authenticity campaign
Discussion on education policies
Research on social services
Social development timeline
Cultural revival documentation
Education expansion records
Social service analysis
Independence timeline
Union formation charts
Arusha Declaration documents
One-party system analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 142-143
6 2
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
The contributions of Mwalimu Julius Nyerere to Tanzania
Tanzania - Transition to multiparty democracy
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define Ujamaa and analyze the contribution of Mwalimu Julius Nyerere to the History of Tanzania
Explain his philosophy of socialism
Describe his leadership style
Evaluate his legacy
Study of Nyerere's political philosophy
Analysis of Ujamaa socialism
Discussion on his leadership approach
Research on his continental influence
Nyerere biography materials
Ujamaa philosophy charts
Leadership analysis documents
Legacy assessment records
Democratic transition timeline
Leadership change charts
Reform documentation
Election records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 144-146
6 3
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
The economic development in Tanzania since independence
Social development in Tanzania since independence
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the economic developments in Tanzania since independence
Describe socialist economic policies
Analyze economic reforms from 1980s
Evaluate structural adjustment programs
Study of Tanzania's economic policies
Analysis of socialist experiments
Discussion on economic liberalization
Research on structural adjustments
Economic policy timeline
Socialist experiment data
Liberalization charts
Adjustment program records
Social development charts
Education/health expansion data
Ujamaa village records
Service delivery analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 148-149
6 4
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
Social, political and economic challenges in Africa since independence - Political challenges
Economic and social challenges in Africa since independence
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline the promises African leaders made to their people at independence
Explain political challenges in Africa since independence
Describe ethnic conflicts and border disputes
Analyze military coups and dictatorships
Study of independence promises
Analysis of political challenges
Discussion on ethnic conflicts
Research on military interventions
Independence promise charts
Political challenge analysis
Conflict documentation
Military coup records
Economic challenge charts
Social problem analysis
Health crisis documentation
Solution effort records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 149-152
6 5
Devolved Government
Meaning of devolved government
Objectives and principles of devolved government
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the meaning of devolved government
Define decentralization and devolution
Identify the 47 counties in Kenya
Analyze the constitutional basis for devolution
Discussion on devolution concept
Definition and explanation of terms
Map work identifying counties
Study of constitutional provisions
Devolution definition charts
Kenya county maps
Constitutional excerpts
Decentralization diagrams
Objectives analysis charts
Principles documentation
Democratic participation materials
Power separation diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 154-155
7 1
Devolved Government
Structure and functions of county government - County Assembly
Process of Law Making in the County
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the structure and functions of county government
Explain the composition of County Assembly
Describe the role of Speaker and MCAs
Analyze legislative functions
Study of county government structure
Analysis of Assembly composition
Discussion on MCA roles
Research on legislative processes
County structure diagrams
Assembly composition charts
MCA role documentation
Legislative process materials
Law-making flowcharts
Bill procedure materials
Committee function charts
Governor powers documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 155-156
7 2
Devolved Government
County Executive Committee
Relationship between national and county government
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the composition of County Executive Committee
Describe the role of Governor and Deputy Governor
Analyze executive functions
Evaluate county service delivery
Study of executive structure
Analysis of governor's functions
Discussion on executive roles
Research on service delivery
Executive structure charts
Governor function diagrams
Executive role documentation
Service delivery analysis
Relationship diagrams
Cooperation framework charts
Conflict resolution procedures
Coordination materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 157-158
7 3
Devolved Government
Public Revenue and Expenditure in Kenya
Challenges facing county government and possible solutions
Principles of public finance and The National Budget
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the challenges facing county governments
Explain resource and capacity constraints
Describe corruption and governance issues
Analyze possible solutions and reforms
Analysis of county challenges
Discussion on resource limitations
Study of governance problems
Research on solution strategies
Challenge analysis charts
Resource constraint data
Governance issue documentation
Solution strategy materials
Public finance principle charts
Budget definition materials
Budget process diagrams
Importance analysis documents
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 159-160
7 4
Public Revenue and Expenditure in Kenya
Sources of public revenue for National Government
Sources of revenue for County Government and Expenditure types
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the sources of public revenue
Explain sources of revenue for the national government
Describe taxation systems
Analyze non-tax revenue sources
Study of revenue sources
Analysis of taxation types
Discussion on tax collection
Research on non-tax revenues
Revenue source charts
Taxation system diagrams
Tax collection materials
Non-tax revenue documentation
County revenue charts
Revenue generation materials
Expenditure type diagrams
Spending priority analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 162-163
7 5
Public Revenue and Expenditure in Kenya
Management of public finance - National and County levels
Financial oversight institutions and Revenue allocation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the management of public finance
Describe control mechanisms at national level
Analyze county financial management
Evaluate oversight institutions
Study of financial management systems
Analysis of control mechanisms
Discussion on oversight roles
Research on accountability measures
Financial management charts
Control mechanism diagrams
Oversight institution materials
Accountability frameworks
Oversight institution charts
Controller role diagrams
Revenue allocation materials
Audit function documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 164-165
8 1
The Electoral Process & Functions of Government in other parts of the world
Electoral process in USA - Presidential elections
Electoral process in USA - Congressional elections and voter qualifications
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Trace the background of USA
Discuss the electoral process in USA
Explain presidential election procedures
Analyze the Electoral College system
Study of USA political background
Analysis of presidential election process
Discussion on Electoral College
Research on campaign procedures
USA political timeline
Electoral process charts
Electoral College diagrams
Campaign procedure materials
Congressional structure charts
Election procedure diagrams
Voter qualification materials
Nomination process documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 167-170
8 2
The Electoral Process & Functions of Government in other parts of the world
Functions of USA government - Legislature and Executive
USA Federal system and advantages
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe functioning of USA government
Explain Congressional functions
Analyze Presidential powers
Evaluate separation of powers
Study of government structure
Analysis of Congressional roles
Discussion on Presidential functions
Research on checks and balances
Government structure diagrams
Congressional function charts
Presidential powers materials
Separation of powers framework
Federal system diagrams
Federal-state relationship charts
Federalism benefit materials
System challenge analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 172-174
8 3
The Electoral Process & Functions of Government in other parts of the world
Electoral process in Britain - General and by-elections
Functions of government of Britain - Monarchy and Legislature
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the electoral process in Britain
Explain general election procedures
Describe by-election processes
Analyze voter registration
Study of British electoral system
Analysis of election procedures
Discussion on by-elections
Research on voter registration
British electoral charts
Election procedure materials
By-election documentation
Voter registration diagrams
Government structure charts
Monarchy function diagrams
Parliamentary system materials
Legislative process documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 174-177
8 4
The Electoral Process & Functions of Government in other parts of the world
Functions of Britain government - Executive and Judiciary
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain Prime Minister's role
Describe Cabinet functions
Analyze judicial independence
Evaluate court system hierarchy
Study of executive functions
Analysis of PM and Cabinet roles
Discussion on judicial system
Research on court hierarchy
Executive function charts
PM/Cabinet role diagrams
Judicial system materials
Court hierarchy documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 179-180
8 5
The Electoral Process & Functions of Government in other parts of the world
COLONIAL ADMINISTRATION
Electoral process in India - Parliamentary and Presidential elections
Functions of government of India - Federal system and institutions
Introduction to Colonial Administration Systems
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the electoral process in India
Explain parliamentary elections
Describe presidential election procedures
Analyze political party roles
Study of Indian electoral system
Analysis of parliamentary elections
Discussion on presidential process
Research on political parties
Indian electoral charts
Parliamentary election materials
Presidential process diagrams
Political party documentation
Government structure diagrams
Federal system charts
PM function materials
Judicial system documentation
Maps showing colonial territories, Charts comparing systems, Students
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 180-183
9 1
COLONIAL ADMINISTRATION
Indirect Rule: Definition and Application in Kenya
Indirect Rule in Northern Nigeria: Application and Structure
Indirect Rule in Southern Nigeria and Its Shortcomings
Direct Rule: Definition and Application in Zimbabwe
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Define indirect rule system
Explain reasons why British used indirect rule in Kenya
Identify areas where indirect rule was applied
Analyze the role of traditional rulers in indirect rule

Detailed exposition on indirect rule definition and principles
Discussion on British experience in India and Uganda
Analysis of reasons: lack of funds, inadequate personnel, avoiding resistance
Case study of Wanga under Nabongo Mumia
Photographs of Fredrick Lugard, Maps of Kenya, Charts showing reasons, Students
Charts showing administrative structure, Maps of Northern Nigeria, Students
Maps showing ethnic groups in Nigeria, Photographs, Charts listing effects, Students
Photographs of Cecil Rhodes and Ian Smith, Maps of Zimbabwe, Students
KLB Secondary History Form 3, Pages 57-58
9 2
COLONIAL ADMINISTRATION
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE IN KENYA()1919-1969
THE FORMATION,STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA
Direct Rule Structure and Effects in Zimbabwe
Assimilation Policy in Senegal: Application, Effects, and Comparison
Examples of Independent Churches in Kenya
Introduction to Electoral System and Reasons for Elections
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Describe the structure of direct rule in Zimbabwe
Explain the effects of direct rule on Africans
Discuss the transition from company rule to crown colony
Analyze racial segregation under direct rule

Detailed analysis of administrative structure from Governor to village level
Discussion on Land Apportionment Act of 1930 and its effects
Exposition on UDI and armed struggle leading to independence
Case study of Robert Mugabe and Joshua Nkomo's resistance
Charts showing administrative structure, Maps, Photographs of leaders, Students
Maps of Senegal showing communes, Charts comparing systems, Photographs, Students
Photographs of church leaders
Maps showing locations
Students textbooks
Religious symbols and materials
Constitution of Kenya
Charts on democratic principles
Pictures of voting activities
KLB Secondary History Form 3, Pages 63-65
9 3
THE FORMATION,STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA
Principles of Electoral System and Voter Education
Voter Registration and Qualifications
Nomination of Candidates - Party and Independent
Qualifications for Different Elective Positions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the principles guiding Kenya's electoral system
Describe the process of voter education
Analyze the importance of informed voting
Discuss universal suffrage and fair representation
Detailed discussion on electoral principles
Group work on voter education importance
Analysis of fair representation concepts
Q/A on universal suffrage
Students textbooks
IEBC educational materials
Charts showing electoral principles
Voter education pamphlets
IEBC registration materials
Sample voter cards
Registration center pictures
Nomination forms samples
Charts showing candidate categories
Pictures of nomination activities
Constitution of Kenya
Charts comparing qualifications
IEBC guidelines
KLB Secondary History Form 3, Pages 164-165
9 4
THE FORMATION,STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA
Campaigns, Polling and Vote Counting
Presidential Elections and IEBC Functions
National and County Government Formation
Steps in Executive and Legislative Formation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the campaign process and regulations
Describe polling day procedures
Analyze vote counting and result transmission
Discuss electoral disputes and resolution
Discussion on campaign regulations and procedures
Analysis of polling day activities
Group work on vote counting processes
Q/A on dispute resolution mechanisms
Students textbooks
Sample ballot papers
Pictures of polling stations
IEBC procedural manuals
Constitution excerpts
IEBC organizational chart
Pictures of electoral officials
Government structure charts
Constitution of Kenya
Pictures of government buildings
Swearing-in ceremony pictures
Constitutional provisions
Government formation flowcharts
KLB Secondary History Form 3, Pages 168-169
9 5
THE FORMATION,STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA
Structure and Composition of Parliament
Functions of National Assembly and Senate
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the bicameral nature of Kenya's Parliament
Describe the composition of National Assembly
Analyze the composition of Senate
Discuss the role of Speakers in both houses
Discussion on bicameral system advantages
Analysis of National Assembly membership
Group work on Senate composition and roles
Q/A on Speaker election and functions
Students textbooks
Parliament structure charts
Pictures of parliamentary buildings
Constitutional provisions
Parliamentary procedure manuals
Sample bills and acts
Pictures of parliamentary sessions
KLB Secondary History Form 3, Pages 172-173
10 1
THE FORMATION,STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA
Law-Making Process and Parliamentary Procedures
Parliamentary Officers and Parliamentary Service Commission
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the process of drafting bills
Describe the stages of law-making in Parliament
Analyze different types of bills
Discuss presidential assent and bill passage
Detailed exposition on bill drafting process
Step-by-step analysis of law-making stages
Group work on different bill types
Q/A on presidential role in legislation
Students textbooks
Sample bills at different stages
Law-making process flowchart
Kenya Gazette samples
Parliamentary organizational charts
Pictures of parliamentary officers
PSC reports and documents
KLB Secondary History Form 3, Pages 174-176
10 2
THE FORMATION,STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA
Structure and Leadership of Executive
Presidential Powers and Functions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the composition of Executive arm
Describe the role of President as head of Executive
Analyze the position and functions of Deputy President
Discuss executive authority and leadership
Detailed discussion on executive structure
Analysis of presidential powers and functions
Group work on Deputy President's role
Q/A on executive decision-making processes
Students textbooks
Executive structure charts
Pictures of State House
Constitutional provisions on executive
Constitution excerpts
Pictures of presidential activities
Appointment procedure charts
KLB Secondary History Form 3, Pages 177-178
10 3
THE FORMATION,STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA
The Cabinet and Principal Secretaries
Public Service and National Security Organs
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the composition and functions of Cabinet
Describe the role of Cabinet Secretaries
Analyze the functions of Principal Secretaries
Discuss the Attorney-General's role
Discussion on Cabinet formation and responsibilities
Analysis of ministerial appointment process
Group work on PS functions and accountability
Q/A on Attorney-General's legal advisory role
Students textbooks
Cabinet organizational charts
Pictures of Cabinet meetings
Ministry structure diagrams
Security organs organizational charts
Pictures of security forces
Public service structure diagrams
KLB Secondary History Form 3, Pages 179-180
10 4
THE FORMATION,STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA
Challenges Facing Security Organs and Correctional Services
Structure and Independence of Judiciary
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Analyze challenges facing national security organs
Explain the functions of correctional services
Describe types of correctional institutions
Discuss solutions to security challenges
Group work on security challenges identification
Discussion on correctional services importance
Analysis of prison system organization
Assessment of proposed solutions
Students textbooks
Security reports and statistics
Pictures of correctional facilities
Problem-solution charts
Court system hierarchy charts
Pictures of court buildings
Constitutional provisions on judiciary
KLB Secondary History Form 3, Pages 181-183
10 5
THE FORMATION,STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA
Superior Courts - Supreme Court, Court of Appeal, and High Court
Subordinate Courts and Judicial Service Commission
Rule of Law, Natural Justice and Challenges
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the composition and functions of Supreme Court
Explain the role of Court of Appeal
Analyze the jurisdiction of High Court
Discuss the appointment of judges
Detailed exposition on Supreme Court functions
Analysis of appellate jurisdiction
Group work on High Court original jurisdiction
Discussion on judicial appointment process
Students textbooks
Pictures of court buildings
Constitutional provisions
Court jurisdiction charts
Court structure diagrams
Pictures of different courts
JSC organizational materials
Legal principle charts
Judicial reform documents
Pictures of court proceedings
KLB Secondary History Form 3, Pages 184-185

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