Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Components of Integrated Science as a field of study

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a mixture
- Differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures
- Show interest in learning about mixtures

- Brainstorm on the meaning of mixtures
- Discuss examples of mixtures found at home and school
- Categorize mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous

How do we identify different types of mixtures in our environment?

Master Integrated Science pg. 72
- Digital resources
- Internet access

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Categorising mixtures as homogenous or heterogeneous
Mixtures - Solute, solvent and solution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify mixtures in the environment
- Categorise mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous
- Appreciate the importance of understanding different types of mixtures

- Take a walk in the school environment to identify mixtures
- Record different types of mixtures observed
- Use a table to categorise mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous

What makes a mixture homogeneous or heterogeneous?

Master Integrated Science pg. 72
- Exercise books
- Environment for observation
Master Integrated Science pg. 74
- Salt and water
- Beakers and stirring rods

- Practical work - Observation - Checklist

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Identifying solute, solvent and solution in mixtures
Mixtures - Separation by evaporation
Mixtures - Separation by crystallisation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify solute, solvent and solution in various mixtures
- Explain the process of dissolving
- Appreciate the concept of solutions in daily life

- Carry out activity using salt and water to identify solute, solvent and solution
- Observe and record the dissolving process
- Discuss observations with peers

What happens when a solute dissolves in a solvent?

Master Integrated Science pg. 74
- Common salt
- Water
- Beakers
- Stirring rods
Master Integrated Science pg. 76
- Salt, water
- Evaporating dish
- Bunsen burner
- Tripod stand
Master Integrated Science pg. 78
- Salt, distilled water
- Filter paper and funnel

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Simple distillation setup
Mixtures - Separation by simple distillation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify apparatus used in simple distillation
- Set up simple distillation apparatus
- Appreciate the importance of proper apparatus setup

- Identify distillation apparatus
- With teacher guidance, set up distillation apparatus
- Discuss the function of each apparatus
- Practice safety measures

Why is proper setup important in distillation?

Master Integrated Science pg. 80
- Distillation apparatus
- Safety equipment
- Salt solution
- Complete distillation setup
- Thermometer

- Practical work - Observation - Checklist

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Fractional distillation setup
Mixtures - Separation by fractional distillation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify apparatus for fractional distillation
- Explain the function of fractionating column
- Appreciate the complexity of fractional distillation

- Identify fractional distillation apparatus
- Discuss the function of glass beads in fractionating column
- Compare with simple distillation setup

What makes fractional distillation different from simple distillation?

Master Integrated Science pg. 82
- Fractional distillation apparatus
- Digital devices for research
- Water and ethanol mixture
- Complete fractional distillation setup

- Observation - Oral questions - Research presentation

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by sublimation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define sublimation and deposition
- Demonstrate separation using sublimation
- Appreciate sublimation as a separation method

- Separate iodine from impurities using sublimation
- Observe purple vapour formation
- Collect pure iodine crystals on cool surfaces
- Discuss other substances that sublime

How does sublimation help in purifying substances?

Master Integrated Science pg. 84
- Impure iodine
- Evaporating dish
- Filter funnel
- Cotton wool

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by solvent extraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain solvent extraction method
- Extract oil from nuts using solvent extraction
- Show interest in extraction processes

- Crush groundnuts and add propanone
- Allow mixture to settle and decant solution
- Evaporate solvent to obtain oil
- Test oil properties using filter paper

How are useful substances extracted from natural materials?

Master Integrated Science pg. 86
- Groundnuts or seeds
- Propanone
- Mortar and pestle
- Filter paper

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Observation schedule

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by chromatography
Mixtures - Extended chromatography activity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define paper chromatography
- Demonstrate chromatography technique
- Appreciate chromatography as an analytical tool

- Prepare filter paper strip
- Apply ink spot and dip in propanone
- Observe separation of ink components
- Measure distances travelled by components

How does chromatography separate components of colored mixtures?

Master Integrated Science pg. 88
- Black ink
- Filter paper
- Propanone
- Measuring cylinder
Master Integrated Science pg. 90
- Various pen inks
- Filter papers
- Droppers

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Applications of separation methods in daily life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify applications of separation methods in industries
- Explain real-life uses of separation techniques
- Appreciate the importance of separation methods in society

- Study images showing industrial applications
- Discuss separation methods used in salt production
- Research applications using digital devices
- Present findings to classmates

How are separation methods applied in industries and daily life?

Master Integrated Science pg. 92
- Digital devices
- Industrial application images
- Reference materials

- Research presentation - Oral questions - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Matching separation methods with applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Match separation methods with appropriate applications
- Explain choice of separation method for specific mixtures
- Show appreciation for scientific problem-solving

- Complete table matching activities with separation methods
- Discuss why specific methods are used for particular applications
- Analyze real-world separation scenarios

Which separation method is most suitable for a given mixture?

Master Integrated Science pg. 94
- Activity tables
- Course book
- Reference materials

- Written assignments - Assessment rubrics - Oral questions

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Review of separation methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarize all separation methods learned
- Compare advantages and disadvantages of different methods
- Demonstrate understanding of separation principles

- Review all separation methods covered
- Create summary charts of separation techniques
- Discuss when to use each method
- Practice problem-solving with mixture separation

How do we choose the best separation method for a given situation?

Master Integrated Science pg. 72-94
- Summary charts
- Previous practical results

- Written tests - Observation - Assessment rubrics

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Assessment and application synthesis
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Introduction to acids and bases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply knowledge of separation methods to solve practical problems
- Evaluate effectiveness of different separation techniques
- Show confidence in handling separation challenges

- Solve complex separation problems
- Design separation procedures for given mixtures
- Evaluate and critique separation methods
- Present solutions to separation challenges

How can we design effective separation procedures for complex mixtures?

Master Integrated Science pg. 72-94
- Problem scenarios
- Assessment materials
Master Integrated Science pg. 95
- Common household items
- Course book

- Assessment rubrics - Practical work - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Using litmus paper to identify acids and bases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use litmus paper to test acids and bases
- Classify household solutions as acids or bases
- Appreciate the use of indicators in identification

- Test various household solutions with red and blue litmus papers
- Record color changes in a table
- Classify solutions as acids or bases
- Discuss results with classmates

How do we use litmus paper to identify acids and bases?

Master Integrated Science pg. 96
- Red and blue litmus papers
- Various household solutions
- Test tubes

- Practical work - Observation schedule - Assessment rubrics

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Resource person on plant extract indicators

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the use of plant extracts as indicators
- Identify plants suitable for indicator preparation
- Show appreciation for natural indicators

- Listen to resource person on plant extract indicators
- Ask questions for clarification
- Write notes on key points discussed
- Discuss applications of natural indicators

Why can some plants be used as acid-base indicators?

Master Integrated Science pg. 98
- Resource person
- Note-taking materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Note-taking assessment

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Preparing indicators from plant extracts
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Alternative plant extract preparation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Prepare acid-base indicators from plant flowers
- Extract colored substances from plant materials
- Show interest in natural indicator preparation

- Collect colored flowers from school environment
- Cut flowers into small pieces
- Crush flowers with ethanol to extract color
- Filter the extract to obtain colored solution

How do we extract useful indicators from plants?

Master Integrated Science pg. 98
- Plant flowers
- Ethanol
- Mortar and pestle
- Filter paper
Master Integrated Science pg. 100
- Red cabbage or beetroot
- Extraction apparatus

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Observation

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Testing solutions with plant extract indicators

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use plant extract indicators to test solutions
- Classify solutions as acidic or basic using natural indicators
- Show appreciation for natural indicator effectiveness

- Test various household solutions with plant extract indicators
- Record color changes observed
- Complete classification table
- Compare results with litmus paper tests

How effective are plant extract indicators compared to litmus paper?

Master Integrated Science pg. 100
- Plant extract indicators
- Various household solutions
- Test tubes
- Droppers

- Practical work - Observation schedule - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Physical properties of acids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe physical properties of acids
- Investigate appearance, texture, and smell of acids
- Show safe handling practices with acids

- Observe appearance of lemon juice
- Safely smell acidic solutions by wafting
- Feel texture using gloved hands
- Test with litmus papers
- Record observations in a table

What are the distinctive physical properties of acids?

Master Integrated Science pg. 102
- Lemon juice
- Safety equipment
- Litmus papers
- Test tubes

- Practical work - Observation - Safety assessment

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Physical properties of bases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe physical properties of bases
- Compare properties of bases with acids
- Appreciate differences between acids and bases

- Observe appearance of baking powder solution
- Test texture and smell safely
- Test with litmus papers
- Compare with acidic solution properties
- Record comparative observations

How do physical properties of bases differ from acids?

Master Integrated Science pg. 102
- Baking powder solution
- Safety equipment
- Litmus papers
- Comparison tables

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Comparative analysis

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Solubility of acids and bases
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Electrical conductivity of acids and bases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Investigate solubility of acids and bases in water
- Explain formation of homogeneous mixtures
- Show understanding of solution formation

- Add water to lemon juice and observe mixing
- Add water to baking powder solution and observe
- Discuss formation of homogeneous solutions
- Compare solubility characteristics

Why do acids and bases dissolve in water?

Master Integrated Science pg. 102
- Acidic and basic solutions
- Water
- Test tubes
- Observation sheets
- Battery and bulb setup
- Connecting wires
- Metal rods

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Uses of acids in daily life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify uses of acids in food, industry, and medicine
- Explain applications of acids in various sectors
- Appreciate importance of acids in society

- Use digital devices to research acid applications
- Study images of acid uses in various industries
- Discuss food preservation using acids
- Explore medicinal uses of acids

How are acids useful in our daily lives?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Digital devices
- Application images
- Reference materials

- Research presentation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Uses of bases in daily life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify uses of bases in cooking, cleaning, and medicine
- Explain applications of bases in agriculture
- Show appreciation for base applications

- Discuss baking soda uses in cooking
- Explore cleaning applications of bases
- Research medicinal uses of antacids
- Study soil treatment with bases

What important roles do bases play in our lives?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Household base products
- Digital resources
- Application examples

- Observation - Research activities - Oral presentations

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Uses of indicators in various sectors
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Reading product labels for acids and bases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain uses of indicators in agriculture, medicine, and laboratories
- Identify importance of indicators in testing
- Appreciate indicator applications in quality control

- Research indicator uses in soil testing
- Discuss medical test strips
- Explore food freshness indicators
- Study laboratory indicator applications

How do indicators help in testing and quality control?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Test strips examples
- Digital resources
- Laboratory indicators
- Household product containers
- Label reading worksheets
- Classification tables

- Research presentation - Assessment rubrics - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Applications in food and cooking

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain uses of acids and bases in food preparation
- Identify preservative and flavoring applications
- Appreciate chemical processes in cooking

- Study food preservatives containing acids
- Explore baking powder use in cooking
- Discuss vinegar applications in food
- Analyze food flavoring with citric acid

How do acids and bases contribute to food preparation and preservation?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Food product examples
- Cooking ingredients
- Preservative labels

- Observation - Practical demonstrations - Oral questions

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Applications in agriculture

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain soil pH management using acids and bases
- Identify fertilizer applications
- Show understanding of agricultural chemistry

- Discuss soil acidity testing
- Explore lime application to neutralize acidic soils
- Study fertilizer use in farming
- Connect with Agriculture and Nutrition concepts

How do farmers use acids and bases to improve soil quality?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Soil testing materials
- Agricultural examples
- pH testing demonstrations

- Practical demonstrations - Assessment rubrics - Cross-curricular connections

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Applications in medicine and health

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify medicinal uses of acids and bases
- Explain antacid function in treating heartburn
- Appreciate chemical solutions to health problems

- Study antacid tablet ingredients
- Discuss stomach acid neutralization
- Explore pain relief medications containing acids
- Research medical applications of acids and bases

How do acids and bases help solve health problems?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Medicine examples
- Antacid products
- Medical application research

- Research activities - Oral presentations - Written assignments

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Applications in cleaning and industry
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Review and synthesis of concepts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain cleaning applications of acids and bases
- Identify industrial uses of acids and bases
- Show appreciation for chemical solutions in industry

- Study toilet cleaners containing acids
- Explore soap and detergent base content
- Discuss car battery acid applications
- Research industrial acid and base uses

What roles do acids and bases play in cleaning and industrial processes?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Cleaning product examples
- Industrial application images
- Safety material examples
Master Integrated Science pg. 95-105
- Review materials
- Concept mapping resources

- Practical demonstrations - Assessment rubrics - Industrial application analysis

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Problem-solving with acids and bases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply knowledge to solve practical problems
- Design experiments to test unknown solutions
- Show confidence in handling acid-base problems

- Solve identification problems with unknown solutions
- Design testing procedures using available indicators
- Evaluate effectiveness of different testing methods
- Present solutions to practical challenges

How can we use our knowledge to solve real acid-base problems?

Master Integrated Science pg. 95-105
- Unknown solution samples
- Various indicators
- Problem scenarios

- Problem-solving assessment - Practical work - Assessment rubrics

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds
Living Things and Their Environment

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Integration and future applications
Human Reproductive System - Parts of the human reproductive system

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Connect learning to future chemistry studies
- Identify career applications of acid-base knowledge
- Show enthusiasm for continued learning in chemistry

- Discuss connections to future chemistry topics
- Explore career paths using acid-base knowledge
- Plan investigations for continued learning
- Celebrate learning achievements

How will this knowledge help us in future chemistry studies?

Master Integrated Science pg. 95-105
- Career information resources
- Future learning pathways
- Master Integrated Science pg. 106
- Charts showing reproductive systems
- Digital resources

- Reflection activities - Career exploration - Learning celebration

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Parts of the human reproductive system
Human Reproductive System - Functions of reproductive system parts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify parts of the female reproductive system
- Draw and label the female reproductive system
- Appreciate the importance of reproductive health

- Study images and identify parts of the female reproductive system
- Use charts to identify parts labeled V, W, X, Y and Z
- Draw and label parts of the female reproductive system
- Compare drawings with classmates

What are the main parts of the female reproductive system?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 107
- Charts showing female reproductive system
- Digital devices
- Master Integrated Science pg. 109
- Reference books
- Charts

- Observation - Practical work - Written assignments

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Functions of reproductive system parts
Human Reproductive System - Physical changes in boys during adolescence
Human Reproductive System - Physical changes in girls during adolescence

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe functions of parts of the female reproductive system
- Explain roles of ovaries, oviduct, uterus and vagina
- Appreciate the complexity of human reproduction

- Match parts of female reproductive system with their functions
- Complete crossword puzzles on reproductive system
- Fill in blank spaces in reproduction story
- Practice identifying functions through games

How do the parts of the female reproductive system function?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 110
- Charts
- Digital resources
- Master Integrated Science pg. 111
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Master Integrated Science pg. 112
- Reference books

- Written assignments - Observation - Checklist

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Understanding adolescence and puberty
Human Reproductive System - Developmental challenges during adolescence
Human Reproductive System - Common challenges faced by adolescents

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define adolescence and puberty
- Explain the age range of adolescents
- Show understanding of normal development

- Listen to resource person discuss adolescent changes
- Ask questions about physical changes
- Write short notes in exercise books
- Compare notes with classmates

What is adolescence and when does it occur?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 113
- Resource person
- Note books
- Master Integrated Science pg. 114
- Digital devices
- Manila papers
- Master Integrated Science pg. 116
- Case study materials
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Checklist

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Coping mechanisms for adolescent challenges

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Develop strategies for managing adolescent challenges
- Practice effective communication about body changes
- Show responsibility in health maintenance

- Discuss coping mechanisms for developmental challenges
- Practice open communication with trusted adults
- Focus on strengths beyond appearance
- Participate in group activities

What strategies help adolescents cope with developmental challenges?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 117
- Group activity materials
- Reference books

- Assessment rubrics - Observation - Checklist

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Planning to manage developmental challenges

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Develop a personal plan to manage adolescent challenges
- Set realistic goals for health maintenance
- Take responsibility for personal development

- Study Nzive's plan for managing developmental challenges
- Copy and complete planning table
- Make personal plans on plain paper
- Show plans to classmates and keep in portfolio

How can adolescents create effective plans to manage developmental challenges?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 118
- Planning templates
- Portfolio folders

- Written assignments - Portfolio assessment - Self-assessment

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Review and assessment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarize key concepts about human reproduction
- Demonstrate understanding of adolescent development
- Apply knowledge to real-life situations

- Define reproduction and identify body systems
- Name parts and state functions of reproductive systems
- List physical changes during adolescence
- Provide advice for developmental challenges

How can knowledge of human reproduction help in daily life?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 119
- Assessment materials
- Review sheets

- Written tests - Assessment rubrics - Oral questions

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Extended activities and reflection
Human Reproductive System - Integration and application

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply reproductive health knowledge in community contexts
- Communicate effectively about adolescent development
- Show maturity in discussing sensitive topics

- Discuss physical changes with parents or guardians
- Complete extended activities from textbook
- Reflect on learning about human reproduction
- Share appropriate experiences with classmates

How can learning about reproduction benefit families and communities?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 106
- Community resources
- Family involvement
- Career information
- Cross-curricular materials

- Community feedback - Reflection journals - Peer assessment

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Assessment and remediation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate mastery of reproductive system concepts
- Identify areas needing improvement
- Set goals for continued learning

- Complete comprehensive assessment on reproductive system
- Identify strengths and weaknesses in understanding
- Receive feedback on performance
- Plan for improvement in weak areas

What have I learned about human reproduction and how can I improve?

- Assessment papers
- Feedback forms
- Improvement plans

- Summative assessment - Self-evaluation - Teacher feedback

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Enrichment and extension

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore advanced concepts in human reproduction
- Research current issues in reproductive health
- Demonstrate leadership in health education

- Research current topics in reproductive health
- Prepare presentations on specialized topics
- Mentor younger students on health topics
- Create educational materials for school use

How can I use my knowledge to help others understand human reproduction?

- Advanced reference materials
- Internet resources
- Presentation tools

- Research projects - Presentation assessment - Peer teaching evaluation

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Components of the excretory system

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify components of the excretory system
- Recognize the skin as an excretory organ
- Appreciate the importance of waste removal

- Brainstorm on waste removal in humans
- Identify excretory organs (skin, lungs, kidneys)
- Discuss the role of excretory system
- Compare different excretory organs

What organs make up the human excretory system?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 119
- Charts of excretory system
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical work

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - External parts of the skin
Human Excretory System - Structure of the skin

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify external parts of the skin using hand lens
- Observe hair and sweat pores
- Show interest in studying body structures

- Use hand lens to observe external parts of skin
- Identify visible parts of skin on arm
- Sketch external parts of skin as seen through hand lens
- Compare drawings with classmates

What parts of the skin can be seen with a hand lens?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 120
- Hand lenses
- Observation sheets
- Master Integrated Science pg. 121
- Skin structure charts
- Digital devices

- Practical work - Observation schedule - Checklist

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Functions of skin parts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe functions of skin parts
- Explain the sweating process
- Appreciate the skin's protective role

- Name waste products removed through skin
- Explain functions of sweat glands, ducts and pores
- Discuss other functions of skin parts
- Search for information on skin functions

How do the different parts of the skin function?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 122
- Reference materials
- Digital resources

- Oral questions - Written tests - Assessment rubrics

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Understanding excretion and waste products

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define excretion
- Identify waste products excreted by different organs
- Understand the importance of waste removal

- Complete puzzle on skin parts and functions
- Study story of sweating process
- Identify waste products from skin, lungs and kidneys
- Discuss harmful effects of waste accumulation

Why is excretion important for the human body?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 123
- Puzzle materials
- Story completion sheets

- Checklist - Anecdotal records - Written tests

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Parts of the urinary system
Human Excretory System - Modeling the urinary system

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify parts of the urinary system
- Label kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra
- Understand the urinary system structure

- Study diagram and identify urinary system
- Identify and name labeled parts A to E
- Draw well-labeled diagram of urinary system
- Compare drawings with classmates

What are the main parts of the urinary system?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 124
- Urinary system charts
- Digital devices
- Master Integrated Science pg. 125
- Locally available materials
- Model construction supplies

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Functions of urinary system parts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe functions of kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra
- Explain the process of urine formation
- Appreciate the complexity of kidney function

- Answer questions about functions of urinary system parts
- Use textbooks to search for function information
- Take turns reading questions and answering
- Share findings with classmates

How do the parts of the urinary system work together?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 126
- Function reference materials
- Question cards

- Assessment rubrics - Oral questions - Written assignments

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - External parts of the kidney

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify external parts of the kidney
- Label renal artery, renal vein, hilum and renal capsule
- Understand kidney structure

- Study diagram and identify parts marked A to C
- Use charts to compare answers
- Draw well-labeled diagram of kidney
- Search for information on kidney functions

What are the external parts of the kidney and their functions?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 127
- Kidney structure charts
- Digital resources

- Practical work - Observation schedule - Written tests

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Kidney disorders and their causes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify common kidney disorders
- Describe causes of kidney stones and kidney failure
- Understand the importance of kidney health

- Search for information on kidney disorders
- Read conversation with resource person
- Identify kidney disorders mentioned
- Discuss causes and prevention methods

What are common kidney disorders and what causes them?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 128
- Reference materials
- Case study conversations

- Checklist - Anecdotal records - Oral questions

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Prevention of kidney disorders
Human Excretory System - Promoting skin health

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe ways to prevent kidney disorders
- Develop healthy lifestyle habits
- Take responsibility for kidney health

- Discuss prevention methods for kidney disorders
- Listen to resource person on kidney health
- Write short notes on prevention strategies
- Present findings to classmates

How can kidney disorders be prevented?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 129
- Health promotion materials
- Resource person
- Master Integrated Science pg. 130
- Health education materials
- Digital devices

- Written tests - Assessment rubrics - Observation

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Promoting kidney health

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify practices that promote healthy kidneys
- Understand the role of diet and exercise
- Develop commitment to kidney health

- Discuss practices to promote kidney health
- Analyze effects of inadequate water intake
- Understand dietary advice for kidney health
- Search for kidney health information

What lifestyle practices promote healthy kidneys?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 131
- Nutrition information
- Health guidelines

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Self-assessment

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Developing daily health logs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create daily logs for skin and kidney health
- Plan health-promoting activities
- Take responsibility for personal health

- Study sample daily log for health activities
- Create personal plan using provided guide
- Show plan to family members
- Follow and monitor daily health activities

How can we plan and track activities that promote skin and kidney health?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 132
- Planning templates
- Family involvement

- Portfolio assessment - Self-monitoring - Family feedback

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Integration and health promotion
Human Excretory System - Review and assessment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Integrate knowledge of excretory system with health practices
- Share health knowledge with family
- Demonstrate leadership in health promotion

- Share learning with parents or guardians
- Discuss additional health promotion strategies
- Connect excretory system to nutrition concepts
- Develop health education materials

How can knowledge of the excretory system benefit families and communities?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 133
- Community health resources
- Family discussion guides
- Assessment papers
- Review materials
- Health case studies

- Community feedback - Health promotion projects - Presentation assessment

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Extension and enrichment
Human Excretory System - Final integration and reflection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore advanced concepts in excretory system function
- Research current health issues
- Demonstrate expertise in health education

- Research current topics in kidney and skin health
- Prepare health education presentations
- Create health promotion campaigns
- Mentor younger students on health topics

How can I use my knowledge to promote health in my community?

- Advanced health resources
- Research materials
- Presentation tools
- Reflection journals
- Integration activities
- Goal-setting materials

- Research projects - Presentation skills - Community impact assessment