Numbers

Integers - Identifying integers in different situations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
-Identify integers in different situations
-Use integers correctly in daily life
-Show interest in learning about integers

-Identify integers by carrying out activities involving positive and negative numbers and zero
-Make steps forward (positive) and backward (negative) from a reference point
-Mark a reference point on level ground and make five steps from the reference point in both directions

How small are atoms and are they divisible?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 1
-Number line charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Integers - Representing integers on a number line
Integers - Addition of integers on a number line
Integers - Subtraction of integers on a number line

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Represent integers on a number line
-Interpret positive and negative values correctly
-Appreciate the use of number line in representing integers

-Draw and represent integers on number lines
-Consider moving forward as positive and backward as negative
-Represent given integers on a number line and share with other groups

Where do we use integers in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 1
-Number lines
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 3
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 4
-Charts showing number lines

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Integers - Combined operations of integers on a number line
Integers - Games involving a number line
Fractions - Combined operations involving addition and subtraction
Fractions - Combined operations involving division and multiplication
Fractions - Combined operations involving brackets

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Perform combined operations of integers on a number line
-Solve real-life problems involving combined operations of integers
-Value the importance of combined operations

-Carry out combined operations involving division and multiplication of fractions
-Apply combined operations in solving problems
-Appreciate the importance of combined operations

-Perform combined operations of integers on a number line
-Starting at a point, move steps in appropriate directions for each operation
-Solve problems involving combined operations

-Discuss and use the correct order of operations in fractions
-Work out division, then multiplication in combined operations
-Solve real-life problems involving fractions

How do we carry out combined operations of integers?
How do we carry out combined operations on fractions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 6
-Number lines
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 7
-Number cards
-Internet access
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 8
-Fraction models
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 11
-Fraction models
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 13

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments
-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Fractions - Operations on fractions in real-life situations
Fractions - Using IT devices for learning fractions
Fractions - Consolidation and assessment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out operations on fractions in real-life situations
-Apply fractions in solving problems
-Appreciate the use of fractions in daily life

-Discuss and carry out operations on fractions from activities such as shopping
-Solve real-life problems involving fractions
-Apply fractions in real-life situations

How do we use fractions in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 14
-Fraction models
-Digital resources
-Internet access
-Assessment tools

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Decimals - Conversion of fractions to decimals
Decimals - Identifying recurring decimals
Decimals - Converting recurring decimals to fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Convert fractions to decimals
-Apply conversion in real-life situations
-Show interest in converting fractions to decimals

-Practice converting fractions to decimals
-Write equivalent fractions with denominator in the form 10ⁿ
-Divide numerator by denominator to obtain decimal form

How do we work out operations on decimals?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 14
-Decimal charts
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 17
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 19
-Conversion charts

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Decimals - Rounding off decimal numbers
Decimals - Expressing numbers to significant figures
Decimals - Expressing numbers in standard form

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Round off decimal numbers to required decimal places
-Apply rounding in real-life contexts
-Show interest in rounding decimal numbers

-Discuss and round off decimal numbers to a required number of decimal places
-Apply rounding rules correctly
-Solve problems involving rounding of decimals

How do we round off decimal numbers?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 20
-Decimal charts
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 21
-Number charts
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 23

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Decimals - Combined operations on decimals
Decimals - Applications of decimals in real life
Squares and Square Roots - Working out squares from tables
Squares and Square Roots - Squares of numbers greater than ten
Squares and Square Roots - Working out square roots from tables

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Carry out combined operations on decimals
-Apply the correct order of operations
-Value the importance of accurate calculations

-Work out squares of numbers greater than ten
-Use standard form in finding squares
-Appreciate the relationship between standard form and squares

-Work out combined operations on decimals in the correct order
-Apply BODMAS rule in decimal operations
-Solve real-life problems involving decimal operations

-Use standard form to find squares of large numbers
-Find squares of numbers between zero and one
-Apply squares in solving real-life problems

How do we use decimals in real life situations?
How do we find squares of large numbers?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 23
-Decimal charts
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 25
-Real-life objects
-Table of squares
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 29
-Table of squares
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 31
-Table of square roots

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments
-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Squares and Square Roots - Square roots of numbers greater than 100
Squares and Square Roots - Using a calculator for squares
Squares and Square Roots - Using a calculator for square roots

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out square roots of numbers greater than 100
-Use standard form in finding square roots
-Value the relationship between standard form and square roots

-Use standard form to find square roots of large numbers
-Find square roots of numbers between zero and one
-Apply square roots in solving real-life problems

How do we find square roots of large numbers?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 33
-Table of square roots
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 35
-Calculators
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 36

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Identifying rates
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Working out rates
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Expressing fractions as ratios

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify rates in different situations
-Recognize rates as quotients of different units
-Show interest in learning about rates

-Using a mobile phone, note the amount of airtime available
-Make calls and check the airtime used
-Compare different call rates from service providers

How do we use rates in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 36
-Mobile phones (if available)
-Rate charts
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 37
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 39
-Fraction models

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Comparing two ratios
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Comparing three ratios
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Dividing quantities in given ratios

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Compare two ratios in different situations
-Determine which ratio is greater
-Appreciate the importance of comparing ratios

-Use strips of paper to compare ratios
-Express ratios as fractions with common denominators
-Compare numerators to determine the greater ratio

How do we compare ratios?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 41
-Paper strips
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 43
-Ratio charts
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 46
-Concrete objects

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Working out ratios
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Ratio increase
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Ratio decrease
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Percentage change
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Direct proportion

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out ratios in different situations
-Find the ratio between two quantities
-Show interest in expressing quantities as ratios

-Work out percentage change of given quantities
-Calculate percentage increase and decrease
-Appreciate percentage change in real-life contexts

-Find the ratio between two given quantities
-Express quantities in simplest ratio form
-Solve problems involving ratios

-Discuss and determine percentage increase and decrease
-Calculate percentage change using formulas
-Solve real-life problems involving percentage change

How do we express quantities as ratios?
How do we calculate percentage change?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 48
-Ratio charts
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 50
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 51
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 52
-Percentage charts
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 53
-Proportion charts

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments
-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Working out direct proportions
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Indirect proportion
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Working out indirect proportions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out direct proportions in real life situations
-Apply direct proportion in problem-solving
-Value the importance of direct proportion

-Complete tables of directly proportional quantities
-Calculate unknown values using direct proportion
-Solve real-life problems involving direct proportion

How do we calculate using direct proportion?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 54
-Proportion charts
-Digital resources
-Hourglass (if available)
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 55

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Factorization of algebraic expressions
Algebraic Expressions - Factorization using the HCF
Algebraic Expressions - Addition and subtraction of algebraic fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify like terms in algebraic expressions
-Find the highest common factor of terms in expressions
-Show interest in learning algebraic expressions

-Discuss and identify like and unlike terms in expressions
-Find the highest common factor of terms in algebraic expressions
-Write algebraic expressions for real-life situations

How do we factorize algebraic expressions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 56
-Algebra tiles
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 57
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 58
-Algebra charts

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Simplification of algebraic fractions by factorization
Algebraic Expressions - Evaluating algebraic expressions
Algebraic Expressions - Applications of algebraic expressions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Simplify algebraic fractions by factorization
-Use factorization to simplify complex fractions
-Appreciate the use of factorization in simplification

-Write numerator and denominator as products of factors
-Identify and cancel common factors
-Simplify algebraic fractions using factorization

How do we simplify algebraic fractions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 59
-Algebra charts
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 60
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 61
-Internet access

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Algebra

Linear Equations - Forming linear equations in two unknowns
Linear Equations - Forming related linear equations
Linear Equations - Solving linear equations by substitution method
Linear Equations - More on substitution method
Linear Equations - Solving linear equations by elimination method

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Form linear equations in two unknowns
-Translate word problems into equations
-Show interest in linear equations

-Apply substitution method to various equations
-Solve complex simultaneous equations
-Appreciate the substitution method

-Role play activities such as shopping on two different items to form linear equations
-Represent price of items using letters
-Form equations from real-life situations

-Solve different types of linear equations using substitution
-Apply substitution method to practical problems
-Compare solutions with other methods

How do we solve linear equations in two unknowns?
How do we apply substitution method to different equations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 62
-Shop setup materials
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 64
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 66
-Equation charts
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 67
-Equation charts
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 68

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments
-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Algebra
Measurements

Linear Equations - More on elimination method
Linear Equations - Applying linear equations in real-life situations
Circles - Working out the circumference of a circle

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply elimination method to various equations
-Solve complex simultaneous equations
-Appreciate the elimination method

-Solve different types of linear equations using elimination
-Apply elimination method to practical problems
-Compare elimination with substitution method

When do we prefer elimination over substitution?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 70
-Equation charts
-Digital resources
-Internet access
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 71
-Circular objects
-Measuring tape or ruler

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Circles - Working out the circumference of circles in real life
Circles - Working out the length of an arc
Circles - Working out the length of an arc in real life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply knowledge of circumference in real-life contexts
-Calculate the circumference of circular objects
-Value the importance of circles in everyday life

-Discuss and find the circumference of different circular objects in the environment
-Measure diameter and calculate circumference
-Solve real-life problems involving circumference

How do we use circles in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 73
-Circular objects
-Digital resources
-Paper
-Pair of compasses
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 74
-Protractors

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Circles - Calculating the perimeter of a sector
Area - Calculating the area of a circle
Area - Working out the area of a circle in real life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate the perimeter of a sector of a circle
-Apply the formula for sector perimeter
-Show interest in using sectors

-Draw a circle and cut out the circle along its boundary
-Fold the circular cut-out into four equal parts and cut out one part
-Calculate the arc length of the sector
-Add the sum of the two radii to the arc length
-Determine the perimeter of the sector

How do we use sectors of a circle in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 75
-Paper
-Pair of compasses
-Scissors
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 77
-Graph paper
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 79
-Circular objects
-Measuring tools

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Area - Working out the area of a sector
Area - Working out the area of a sector in real life
Area - Working out the surface area of cubes
Area - Working out the surface area of cuboids
Area - Working out the surface area of cylinders

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate the area of a sector of a circle
-Apply the formula for sector area
-Appreciate sectors in everyday objects

-Work out the surface area of cuboids
-Apply the formula for cuboid surface area
-Show interest in cuboid measurements

-Use cut-outs of sectors from locally available materials
-Express the angle of sector as a fraction of 360°
-Calculate sector area using the formula
-Relate the angle of the sector to the area of the circle

-Use a model of a cuboid to identify faces
-Identify pairs of faces with equal dimensions
-Calculate area of each pair of faces
-Apply the formula for cuboid surface area

How do we calculate the area of a sector?
How do we calculate the surface area of a cuboid?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 80
-Paper
-Pair of compasses
-Protractors
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 81
-Sector models
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 82
-Cube models
-Measuring tools
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 84
-Cuboid models
-Measuring tools
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 86
-Cylindrical objects
-Paper
-Scissors

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Area - Working out the surface area of triangular prisms
Area - Working out the area of irregular shapes
Money - Identifying interest and principal

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Determine the surface area of triangular prisms
-Apply the formula for triangular prism surface area
-Show interest in prism measurements

-Use a model of triangular prism to identify faces
-Calculate areas of triangular faces and rectangular faces
-Find the sum of all face areas
-Apply the formula for triangular prism surface area

How do we calculate the surface area of a triangular prism?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 87
-Triangular prism models
-Measuring tools
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 88
-Square grid paper
-Irregular objects
-Tracing paper
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 89
-Financial brochures
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Money - Calculating simple interest
Money - More on simple interest
Money - Calculating compound interest for one year

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate simple interest in real-life situations
-Apply the formula for simple interest
-Value the importance of interest calculations

-Identify principal, rate, and time in scenarios
-Apply the formula I = PRT/100
-Solve problems involving simple interest
-Discuss terms of interest on deposits

What is interest in money?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 91
-Calculator
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 92
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 93

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Money - Calculating compound interest for two years
Money - Calculating compound interest for three years
Money - Working out appreciation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate compound interest for two years
-Apply step-by-step calculation method
-Show interest in long-term investments

-Calculate interest for the first year and new principal
-Calculate interest for the second year
-Find the total compound interest
-Discuss the growth of investments

How do we pay for goods on hire purchase?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 94
-Calculator
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 95
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 96

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements
Geometry

Money - Working out depreciation
Money - Working out hire purchase
Geometrical Constructions - Construction of parallel lines

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out depreciation of value
-Apply depreciation calculations to assets
-Understand depreciation in financial planning

-Research meaning of depreciation
-List items that depreciate in value
-Calculate value after depreciation
-Discuss impact of depreciation on investments

How do we calculate depreciation of value?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 97
-Calculator
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 98
-Brochures from shops
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 100
-Pair of compasses
-Ruler
-Drawing paper

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Construction of parallel lines using a set square
Geometrical Constructions - Construction of perpendicular lines from a point
Geometrical Constructions - Construction of perpendicular lines through a point

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Construct parallel lines using a set square and ruler
-Apply construction in real-life situations
-Value the importance of parallel lines

-Draw line ST and point P above the line
-Place one of the shorter edges of a set square along ST
-Put a ruler along the other edge of the set square to touch P
-Slide the set square along the ruler towards P
-Draw a straight line along the edge to create a parallel line

Where do we use polygons in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 103
-Set square
-Ruler
-Drawing paper
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 104
-Pair of compasses
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 105

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Dividing a line proportionally
Geometrical Constructions - Identifying angle properties of polygons
Geometrical Constructions - Construction of a regular triangle
Geometrical Constructions - Construction of a regular quadrilateral
Geometrical Constructions - Construction of a regular pentagon

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Divide a line proportionally
-Apply proportional division in solving problems
-Show interest in proportional division

-Construct a regular triangle
-Apply triangle construction in real-life situations
-Value the use of regular triangles

-Draw lines AB and AC of convenient lengths
-Mark five equal intervals from A along AC
-Join the last point to B
-Draw lines parallel to this line through the other points
-Mark the points where these parallel lines cut AB

-Construct line PQ of required length
-Using P and Q as centers and radius equal to side length, construct two arcs intersecting at R
-Join P to R and Q to R
-Measure the angles to confirm they are all 60°

How do we divide a line proportionally?
How do we construct regular polygons?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 106
-Pair of compasses
-Ruler
-Set square
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 108
-Polygon models
-Protractor
-Calculator
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 112
-Pair of compasses
-Ruler
-Protractor
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 113
-Set square
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 114

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Construction of a regular hexagon
Geometrical Constructions - Construction of irregular polygons
Geometrical Constructions - Construction of circles passing through vertices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate interior angles of a regular hexagon
-Construct a regular hexagon
-Show interest in regular hexagons

-Find the size of each interior angle of the hexagon (120°)
-Draw line PQ of required length
-At Q, draw the interior angle PQR with QR equal to side length
-Continue the process to locate S, T, and U
-Join U to P to complete the hexagon

What are the properties of a regular hexagon?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 115
-Pair of compasses
-Ruler
-Protractor
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 117
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 123

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Coordinates and Graphs - Drawing and labeling a Cartesian plane
Coordinates and Graphs - Identifying points on the Cartesian plane
Coordinates and Graphs - Plotting points on the Cartesian plane

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Draw a labelled Cartesian plane
-Identify different parts of the Cartesian plane
-Show interest in Cartesian planes

-Draw a horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis
-Mark the origin where the axes intersect
-Use a scale to mark positive and negative values on both axes
-Label the axes and quadrants

How do we plot coordinates on a Cartesian plane?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 128
-Graph paper
-Ruler
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 129
-Cartesian plane charts
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 130

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Coordinates and Graphs - Generating table of values for linear equations
Coordinates and Graphs - Determining appropriate scale
Coordinates and Graphs - Drawing linear graphs (I)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Generate table of values for a linear equation
-Substitute values in equations
-Value the relationship between variables

-Given linear equations, select appropriate x-values
-Substitute each x-value into the equation to find corresponding y-value
-Record the ordered pairs in a table
-Verify that the pairs satisfy the original equation

Where do we use linear graphs in real life?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 131
-Exercise books
-Calculator
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 133
-Graph paper
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 135
-Ruler
-Pencil

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Coordinates and Graphs - Drawing linear graphs (II)
Coordinates and Graphs - Solving simultaneous equations graphically (I)
Coordinates and Graphs - Solving simultaneous equations graphically (II)
Coordinates and Graphs - Applying simultaneous equations in real life (I)
Coordinates and Graphs - Applying simultaneous equations in real life (II)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Draw linear graphs for different equations
-Identify key features of linear graphs
-Show interest in graphical representations

-Solve more complex simultaneous equations
-Determine accurate solutions from graphs
-Show interest in solution techniques

-Generate tables of values for different linear equations
-Plot the points on a Cartesian plane
-Draw the lines representing the equations
-Discuss the gradient and y-intercept of each line

-Generate tables of values for equations with different forms
-Plot both equations on the same Cartesian plane
-Identify the point of intersection with precision
-Interpret the meaning of the solution

How does changing the equation affect the graph?
What are the advantages of graphical solutions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 136
-Graph paper
-Ruler
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 137
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 138
-Graph paper
-Ruler
-Calculator
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 140
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 141

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Coordinates and Graphs - Solving practical problems using graphs
Scale Drawing - Representing length to a given scale
Scale Drawing - Converting actual length to scale length

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Solve practical problems using graphs
-Make decisions based on graphical solutions
-Appreciate graphical problem-solving

-Study practical problems from different contexts
-Model the problems using simultaneous equations
-Solve graphically and analyze the solutions
-Compare graphical solutions with algebraic methods

Why are graphs useful in problem-solving?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 142
-Graph paper
-Calculator
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 143
-Measuring tape/ruler
-Various objects
-Drawing materials
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 145

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Scale Drawing - Converting scale length to actual length
Scale Drawing - Interpreting linear scales in statement form
Scale Drawing - Writing linear scales in statement form

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Convert scale length to actual length
-Apply conversion in real-life situations
-Show interest in scale conversion

-Study scale drawings with given scales
-Measure scale lengths in the drawings
-Convert scale lengths to actual lengths
-Verify conversions by measuring actual objects

How do we determine actual sizes from scale drawings?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 147
-Scale drawings
-Ruler
-Calculator
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 148
-Scale diagrams
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 149
-Various objects
-Measuring tools

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Scale Drawing - Interpreting linear scales in ratio form
Scale Drawing - Writing linear scales in ratio form
Scale Drawing - Converting linear scale from statement to ratio form

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Interpret linear scales in ratio form
-Understand ratio scales
-Value the use of ratio scales

-Study tables with scale lengths and actual lengths
-Convert both measurements to the same units
-Express the relationship as a ratio in the form 1:n
-Use the ratio scale to find other measurements

How do we read and use ratio scales?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 150
-Scale diagrams
-Ruler
-Calculator
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 151
-Various objects
-Measuring tools
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 152
-Maps with statement scales
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Scale Drawing - Converting linear scale from ratio to statement form
Scale Drawing - Making scale drawings (I)
Scale Drawing - Making scale drawings (II)
Scale Drawing - Solving problems using scale drawings
Scale Drawing - Applications of scale drawings

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Convert linear scales from ratio to statement form
-Apply conversion in real-life situations
-Show interest in different scale forms

-Make more complex scale drawings
-Apply scale drawing principles
-Show interest in scale drawing applications

-Study scales in ratio form (1:n)
-Determine what unit measurement the ratio represents
-Express the scale in statement form (1 cm represents x units)
-Verify that both forms represent the same scale

-Measure objects with irregular or complex shapes
-Choose suitable scales based on drawing space and object size
-Convert actual measurements to scale lengths
-Create detailed and accurate scale drawings

Why might we need to convert between scale forms?
How do professionals use scale drawings?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 153
-Maps with ratio scales
-Calculator
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 155
-Drawing paper
-Ruler
-Various objects
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 156
-Drawing paper
-Ruler
-Protractor
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 157
-Scale drawings
-Calculator
-Maps
-Blueprint samples
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Common Solids - Identification of common solids
Common Solids - Characteristics of common solids
Common Solids - Nets of cube and cuboid

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify common solids from the environment
-Classify solids based on properties
-Show interest in geometric solids

-Collect solids of different shapes from the environment
-Group them according to their shapes
-Count the number of faces, edges, and vertices in each solid
-Classify solids as polyhedra or non-polyhedra

What are common solids?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 158
-Common solid objects
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 160
-Solid models
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 161
-Cardboard boxes
-Scissors
-Drawing materials

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Common Solids - Nets of pyramids
Common Solids - Nets of cylinders
Common Solids - Nets of cones

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Sketch nets of pyramids
-Understand the components of pyramids
-Value the relationship between nets and solids

-Study pyramids with different base shapes
-Cut pyramids along edges to create nets
-Identify the shapes of faces in the nets
-Draw nets of pyramids with given dimensions

How do nets help us understand solids?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 163
-Pyramid models
-Scissors
-Drawing materials
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 164
-Cylindrical objects
-Ruler
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 166
-Conical objects
-Compass

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry

Common Solids - Surface area of cubes
Common Solids - Surface area of cuboids
Common Solids - Surface area of cylinders

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out surface area of cubes from nets
-Apply the formula for cube surface area
-Show interest in surface area calculations

-Draw nets of cubes with given dimensions
-Calculate the area of each face (all squares of same size)
-Find the sum of areas of all faces
-Derive and apply the formula: SA = 6a²

How do we calculate the surface area of a cube?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 166
-Cube models
-Calculator
-Drawing materials
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 168
-Cuboid models
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 170
-Cylinder models

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Geometry

Common Solids - Surface area of triangular prisms
Common Solids - Distance between points on solid surfaces
Common Solids - More on distance between points
Common Solids - Making models of hollow solids
Common Solids - Making skeleton models

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out surface area of triangular prisms
-Apply appropriate formulas
-Value the properties of prisms

-Solve complex problems involving distance on solid surfaces
-Apply problem-solving strategies
-Value geometric reasoning

-Draw nets of triangular prisms with given dimensions
-Calculate the area of the triangular bases
-Calculate the area of the rectangular lateral faces
-Find the sum of areas of all faces

-Study complex paths between points on different faces
-Draw nets showing the points and the path between them
-Calculate distances on different parts of the path
-Find the total distance of the path

What factors affect a prism's surface area?
How do we determine the shortest path between points?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 171
-Triangular prism models
-Calculator
-Drawing materials
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 172
-Solid models
-Ruler
-String
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 174
-Solid models
-String
-Calculator
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 175
-Paper/cardboard
-Scissors
-Glue/tape
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 176
-Straws/wires
-Clay/adhesive

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Geometry
Data Handling and Probability

Common Solids - Making compact solid models
Common Solids - Applications of solids
Data Presentation and Interpretation - Drawing bar graphs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Make compact solid models
-Apply geometric knowledge
-Show interest in solid models

-Use plasticine, clay, or other moldable materials
-Create models of various solids
-Use hollow models as molds for compact models
-Compare different types of models

How do we use common solids in real life?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 177
-Clay/plasticine
-Containers
-Tools for molding
-Sample objects
-Digital resources
-Models
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 178
-Graph paper
-Ruler
-Colored pencils

-Observation -Oral questions -Model creation

Data Handling and Probability

Data Presentation and Interpretation - Interpreting bar graphs
Data Presentation and Interpretation - Drawing line graphs
Data Presentation and Interpretation - Interpreting line graphs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Interpret bar graphs of data from real-life situations
-Extract information from bar graphs
-Value the importance of data interpretation

-Study bar graphs representing various data sets
-Identify highest and lowest values
-Calculate differences between values
-Answer questions based on information in the graphs

How do we interpret information from bar graphs?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 180
-Bar graph charts
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 183
-Graph paper
-Ruler
-Colored pencils
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 185
-Line graph charts

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Data Handling and Probability

Data Presentation and Interpretation - Identifying the mode
Data Presentation and Interpretation - Mode of grouped data
Data Presentation and Interpretation - Calculating the mean

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify the mode of a set of discrete data
-Apply mode in analyzing data sets
-Show interest in measures of central tendency

-Study data sets of shoe sizes, test scores, etc.
-Identify the numbers in the list without repetition
-Count frequency of each value
-Identify the value with highest frequency (mode)

What is the mode and how is it useful?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 187
-Data sets
-Calculator
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 190
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 192

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Data Handling and Probability

Data Presentation and Interpretation - Mean of grouped data
Data Presentation and Interpretation - Determining the median
Data Presentation and Interpretation - Applications of measures of central tendency
Probability - Identifying events involving chance
Probability - Performing chance experiments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate the mean of grouped data
-Apply frequency tables in mean calculation
-Value the mean as a measure of central tendency

-Apply mean, median and mode in real-life contexts
-Compare different measures of central tendency
-Value data analysis in decision-making

-Create frequency tables for data sets
-Multiply each value by its frequency
-Find the sum of products
-Divide by the total frequency (number of items)

-Apply all three measures (mean, median, mode) to data sets
-Compare the results and identify differences
-Discuss when each measure is most appropriate
-Analyze real-life data using appropriate measures

How do we calculate the mean of large data sets?
How do we choose the right measure of central tendency?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 193
-Data sets
-Calculator
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 195
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 196
-Real-life data sets
-Calculator
-Digital resources
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 197
-Event cards
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 198
-Coins
-Dice
-Spinner wheels

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Data Handling and Probability

Probability - Writing experimental probability outcomes
Probability - Expressing probability outcomes in fractions
Probability - Expressing probability in decimals
Probability - Expressing probability in percentages
Probability - Applications in real life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Write the experimental probability outcomes
-Record frequency of different outcomes
-Show interest in experimental probability

-Toss a fair dice multiple times
-Record the outcomes in a frequency table
-Calculate relative frequency of each outcome
-Compare experimental results with theoretical expectations

Why is probability important in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 199
-Dice
-Cards
-Tally charts
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 200
-Coins
-Recording sheets
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 202
-Spinner wheels
-Calculator
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 203
-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 204
-Real-life scenarios
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments