Hygiene Practices

Cleaning Waste Disposal Facilities - Importance of cleaning waste disposal facilities
Cleaning Waste Disposal Facilities - Waste bins, sinks, and open drains

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explain the importance of cleaning waste disposal facilities.
-Identify different waste disposal facilities.
-Value cleanliness of waste disposal facilities.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Study pictures of different waste disposal facilities.
-Identify the facilities shown in the pictures.
-Discuss ways in which each facility should be cleaned.
-Share ideas with other groups.

How does cleaning waste disposal facilities promote hygiene?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 52
-Digital devices
-Pictures of waste disposal facilities
-Resource person
MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 53
-Print resources

Assessment rubrics -Written questions -Oral questions -Observation

Hygiene Practices

Cleaning Waste Disposal Facilities - Importance of cleaning waste bins

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explain the importance of cleaning waste bins.
-Describe qualities of a good waste bin.
-Value cleaning of waste bins.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Discuss the importance of cleaning waste bins.
-Describe qualities of a good waste bin.
-Share findings with classmates.

Why is it important to clean waste bins?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 53-54
-Digital devices
-Resource person

Assessment rubrics -Written questions -Oral questions -Observation

Hygiene Practices

Cleaning Waste Disposal Facilities - Importance of cleaning sinks
Cleaning Waste Disposal Facilities - Importance of cleaning open drains

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explain the importance of cleaning sinks.
-Describe types of sinks.
-Value cleaning of sinks.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Discuss the importance of cleaning sinks.
-Describe different types of sinks.
-Share findings with classmates.

Why is it important to clean sinks?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 54
-Digital devices
-Resource person
MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 54-55

Assessment rubrics -Written questions -Oral questions -Observation

Hygiene Practices

Cleaning Waste Disposal Facilities - Cleaning a galvanized iron waste bin

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Outline materials needed for cleaning a galvanized iron waste bin.
-Clean a galvanized iron waste bin.
-Appreciate a clean waste bin.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Identify materials needed for cleaning a galvanized iron waste bin.
-Clean a galvanized iron waste bin following these steps:
-a) Tie the liner at the top and empty the bin.
-b) Check for maggots or molds.
-c) Scrub with a brush dipped in warm soapy water.
-d) Dry with a soft cloth immediately.

How do we clean a galvanized iron waste bin?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 56
-Warm soapy water
-Soft brush
-Cold water
-Disinfectant
-Soft cloth
-Galvanized iron waste bin

Assessment rubrics -Activity journal -Observation -Practical assessment

Hygiene Practices

Cleaning Waste Disposal Facilities - Cleaning a stainless steel sink
Cleaning Waste Disposal Facilities - Cleaning a ceramic sink

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Outline materials needed for cleaning a stainless steel sink.
-Clean a stainless steel sink.
-Appreciate a clean sink.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Identify materials needed for cleaning a stainless steel sink.
-Clean a stainless steel sink following these steps:
-a) Clean with warm soapy water.
-b) Rinse with clean water.
-c) Pour a mixture of vinegar and baking soda down the sink occasionally.
-d) Flash with hot water and dry the sink.

How do we clean a stainless steel sink?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 57
-Warm soapy water
-Soft cloth
-Vinegar
-Baking soda
-Stainless steel sink
MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 58
-Soap
-Nylon sponge or soft rag
-Warm water
-Disinfectant
-Ceramic sink

Assessment rubrics -Activity journal -Observation -Practical assessment

Hygiene Practices

Cleaning Waste Disposal Facilities - Cleaning an open drain

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Outline materials needed for cleaning an open drain.
-Clean an open drain.
-Appreciate a clean open drain.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Identify materials needed for cleaning an open drain.
-Clean an open drain following these steps:
-a) Pick any litter or leaves.
-b) Scrub with warm soapy water or sweep it.
-c) Rinse with clean water with disinfectant.
-d) Occasionally use baking soda when cleaning.

How do we clean an open drain?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 59
-Warm soapy water
-Broom
-Disinfectant
-Baking soda

Assessment rubrics -Activity journal -Observation -Practical assessment

Hygiene Practices

Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Meaning of laundering and disinfecting
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Methods of disinfecting clothing and household articles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Define the terms laundering and disinfecting.
-Explain the difference between laundering and disinfecting.
-Appreciate the importance of laundering and disinfecting.

In pairs, learners are guided to:
-Use digital or print resources to find out the meaning of laundering and disinfecting.
-Discuss how the processes are carried out in their homes.
-Write down discussion points and share with classmates.

What is the difference between laundering and disinfecting?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 62
-Digital devices
-Print resources
-Resource person
MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 63

Assessment rubrics -Written questions -Oral questions -Observation

Hygiene Practices

Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Using sunlight for disinfection
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Using salt for disinfection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explain how sunlight is used for disinfection.
-Identify clothing and household articles suitable for sun disinfection.
-Value disinfection using sunlight.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Explain how sunlight is used for disinfection.
-Identify clothing and household articles suitable for sun disinfection.
-Discuss advantages and disadvantages of using sunlight for disinfection.
-Share findings with classmates.

How is sunlight used for disinfection of clothing and household articles?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 64
-Digital devices
-Resource person

Assessment rubrics -Written questions -Oral questions -Observation

Hygiene Practices

Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Using boiling for disinfection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explain how boiling is used for disinfection.
-Identify clothing and household articles suitable for boiling disinfection.
-Value disinfection using boiling.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Explain how boiling is used for disinfection.
-Identify clothing and household articles suitable for boiling disinfection.
-Discuss advantages and disadvantages of using boiling for disinfection.
-Share findings with classmates.

How is boiling used for disinfection of clothing and household articles?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 65
-Digital devices
-Resource person

Assessment rubrics -Written questions -Oral questions -Observation

Hygiene Practices

Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Using disinfectants
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Using ironing for disinfection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explain how disinfectants are used for disinfection.
-Identify clothing and household articles suitable for disinfectant use.
-Value disinfection using disinfectants.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Explain how disinfectants are used for disinfection.
-Identify different types of disinfectants (white vinegar, borax, hydrogen peroxide, pine oil, sodium hypochlorite).
-Identify clothing and household articles suitable for disinfectant use.
-Share findings with classmates.

How are disinfectants used for disinfection of clothing and household articles?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 65
-Digital devices
-Resource person

Assessment rubrics -Written questions -Oral questions -Observation

Hygiene Practices

Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Safety precautions during disinfection

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify safety precautions during disinfection.
-Explain the importance of safety precautions.
-Value safety during disinfection.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Brainstorm safety precautions that one should consider when using different disinfection methods.
-Explain the importance of each safety precaution.
-Share findings with classmates.

What safety precautions should be observed during disinfection?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 66
-Digital devices
-Resource person

Assessment rubrics -Written questions -Oral questions -Observation

Hygiene Practices

Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Disinfecting aprons using sunlight
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Disinfecting gloves using commercial disinfectants

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Outline steps for disinfecting aprons using sunlight.
-Disinfect aprons using sunlight.
-Appreciate sunlight as a disinfection method.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Outline steps for disinfecting aprons using sunlight.
-Disinfect aprons following these steps:
-a) Sort the aprons.
-b) Wash using correct method and detergents.
-c) Rinse in warm then cold water.
-d) Dry in direct sunlight until totally dry.

How do we disinfect aprons using sunlight?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 67
-Warm water
-Soap
-Clothes line
-Aprons
-Commercial disinfectant
-Gloves

Assessment rubrics -Activity journal -Observation -Practical assessment

Hygiene Practices

Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Disinfecting white cotton towel using boiling

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Outline steps for disinfecting a white cotton towel using boiling.
-Disinfect a white cotton towel using boiling.
-Appreciate boiling as a disinfection method.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Outline steps for disinfecting a white cotton towel using boiling.
-Disinfect a white cotton towel following these steps:
-a) Wear protective clothing.
-b) Wash the towel in warm soapy water.
-c) Heat water until it boils.
-d) Put towel in boiling water for 2-5 minutes.
-e) Allow water to cool with towel inside.
-f) Remove towel and rinse in warm then cold water.
-g) Hang to dry in direct sunlight.

How do we disinfect a white cotton towel using boiling?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 68
-White cotton towel
-Warm soapy water
-Clean water
-Plastic buckets with lids
-Wooden stick
-Jiko or stove
-Sufuria
-Pot holder
-Protective clothing

Assessment rubrics -Activity journal -Observation -Practical assessment

Hygiene Practices

Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Disinfecting a dustcoat by ironing
Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Disinfecting handkerchiefs using salt

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Outline steps for disinfecting a dustcoat by ironing.
-Disinfect a dustcoat by ironing.
-Appreciate ironing as a disinfection method.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Outline steps for disinfecting a dustcoat by ironing.
-Disinfect a dustcoat following these steps:
-a) Sort dustcoats according to fiber.
-b) Wash using correct laundry method.
-c) Rinse and dry appropriately, but leave slightly damp.
-d) Set iron box to correct temperature.
-e) Iron with high heat to complete dryness.

How do we disinfect a dustcoat by ironing?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 69
-Warm water
-Soap
-Basin
-Iron box
-Ironing board
-Dustcoat
MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 70
-Salt
-Cold water
-Handkerchiefs

Assessment rubrics -Activity journal -Observation -Practical assessment

Hygiene Practices

Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Disinfecting socks using commercial disinfectant

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Outline steps for disinfecting socks using commercial disinfectant.
-Disinfect socks using commercial disinfectant.
-Appreciate commercial disinfectant for socks.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Outline steps for disinfecting socks using commercial disinfectant.
-Disinfect socks following these steps:
-a) Sort the socks.
-b) Wash using correct laundry method.
-c) Rinse in warm water.
-d) Prepare disinfectant as per instructions.
-e) Soak socks in solution for 5-10 minutes.
-f) Rinse and dry appropriately.

How do we disinfect socks using commercial disinfectant?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 71
-Water
-Soap
-Disinfectant
-Basin
-Socks

Assessment rubrics -Activity journal -Observation -Practical assessment

Hygiene Practices
Production Techniques

Disinfecting Clothing and Household Articles - Importance of disinfecting clothing and household articles
Grafting in Plants - Meaning and methods of grafting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explain the importance of disinfecting clothing and household articles.
-Appreciate the importance of disinfecting for hygiene purposes.
-Value disinfection as a hygiene practice.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Use digital or printed resources to search for the importance of disinfecting clothing and household articles for hygiene purposes.
-Make presentations to classmates on the findings.

Why is it important to disinfect clothing and household articles?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 71
-Digital devices
-Print resources
-Resource person
MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 74

Assessment rubrics -Written questions -Oral questions -Presentations

Production Techniques

Grafting in Plants - Observing the grafting process

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Describe the grafting process from pictures.
-Identify materials used in grafting.
-Value grafting as a propagation method.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Study pictures showing the grafting process.
-Describe what is happening in the pictures.
-Identify materials used in grafting.
-Share findings in class.

What happens during the grafting process?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 75
-Pictures of grafting process
-Digital devices

Assessment rubrics -Written questions -Oral questions -Observation

Production Techniques

Grafting in Plants - Reasons for grafting
Grafting in Plants - Grafting for aesthetic purposes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify reasons for grafting plants.
-Explain different purposes of grafting.
-Appreciate various purposes of grafting.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Identify reasons for grafting plants (repair, aesthetic value, rejuvenation, improvement).
-Explain different purposes of grafting.
-Share findings in class.

What are the reasons for grafting plants?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 76
-Digital devices
-Print resources
-Resource person
MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 77

Assessment rubrics -Written questions -Oral questions -Observation

Production Techniques

Grafting in Plants - Practical grafting for aesthetic purposes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Prepare materials for grafting for aesthetic purposes.
-Carry out grafting for aesthetic purposes.
-Embrace grafting for aesthetic purposes.

In groups with the help of a resource person, learners are guided to:
-Prepare materials for grafting for aesthetic purposes.
-Carry out grafting for aesthetic purposes following these steps:
-a) Select rootstock plant.
-b) Prepare the scion.
-c) Prepare the rootstock.
-d) Insert the scion.
-e) Secure the graft.
-f) Care for the grafted plant.

How do we carry out grafting for aesthetic purposes?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 77-78
-Ornamental plant (hibiscus or bougainvillea)
-Scion of related species
-Sharp knife
-Grafting tape
-Gloves
-Resource person

Assessment rubrics -Activity journal -Observation -Practical assessment

Production Techniques

Grafting in Plants - Grafting for rejuvenation
Grafting in Plants - Practical grafting for rejuvenation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Outline steps for grafting for rejuvenation.
-Identify materials needed for grafting.
-Value grafting for rejuvenation.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Discuss grafting for rejuvenation.
-Outline steps for grafting for rejuvenation.
-Identify materials needed for grafting.
-Share findings in class.

How is grafting done for rejuvenation?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 78
-Digital devices
-Print resources
-Resource person
MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 78-79
-Old tree stump
-Scions
-Sharp knife
-Grafting tape
-Gloves
-Wax

Assessment rubrics -Written questions -Oral questions -Observation

Production Techniques

Grafting in Plants - Grafting for improvement purposes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Outline steps for grafting for improvement purposes.
-Identify materials needed for grafting.
-Value grafting for improvement.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Discuss grafting for improvement purposes.
-Outline steps for grafting for improvement purposes.
-Identify materials needed for grafting.
-Share findings in class.

How is grafting done for improvement purposes?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 79-80
-Digital devices
-Print resources
-Resource person

Assessment rubrics -Written questions -Oral questions -Observation

Production Techniques

Grafting in Plants - Practical grafting for improvement purposes
Grafting in Plants - Caring for grafted plants

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Prepare materials for grafting for improvement purposes.
-Carry out grafting for improvement purposes.
-Embrace grafting for improvement purposes.

In groups with the help of a resource person, learners are guided to:
-Prepare materials for grafting for improvement purposes.
-Carry out grafting for improvement purposes following these steps:
-a) Select rootstock plant (lemon seedling).
-b) Prepare scion (orange seedling).
-c) Prepare rootstock.
-d) Insert scion.
-e) Secure graft.
-f) Care for grafted plant.

How do we carry out grafting for improvement purposes?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 79-80
-Orange plant seedling
-Lemon plant seedling
-Sharp knife
-Grafting tape
-Wax
-Gloves
-Resource person
MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 81
-Pictures of plant care
-Digital devices

Assessment rubrics -Activity journal -Observation -Practical assessment

Production Techniques

Grafting in Plants - Practical care for grafted plants

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Demonstrate care for grafted plants.
-Monitor grafted plants regularly.
-Value proper care for grafted plants.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Demonstrate care for grafted plants following these methods:
-a) Check graft union weekly.
-b) Remove emerging shoots from rootstock.
-c) Water plant if rainfall is insufficient.
-d) Remove grafting tape once grafting is successful.
-Monitor grafted plants regularly.

How do we practically care for grafted plants?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 81
-Grafted plants
-Watering can
-Pruning shears

Assessment rubrics -Activity journal -Observation -Practical assessment

Production Techniques

Grafting in Plants - Selecting plants for grafting
Grafting in Plants - Record keeping for grafted plants

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Select suitable plants for grafting.
-Identify factors to consider when selecting plants.
-Value proper plant selection for grafting.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Select suitable plants in the school compound for grafting.
-Identify plants to provide rootstock and scion.
-Discuss factors to consider when selecting plants for grafting.
-Share findings in class.

What factors should be considered when selecting plants for grafting?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 82
-School compound with plants
-Resource person
-Record keeping chart
-Pencil
-Grafted plants

Assessment rubrics -Written questions -Oral questions -Observation

Production Techniques

Homemade Sun Dryer - Concept and importance
Homemade Sun Dryer - Materials for construction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explain the concept of a homemade sun dryer.
-Identify reasons for preserving vegetables.
-Value homemade sun dryers for preservation.

In pairs, learners are guided to:
-Brainstorm on how a homemade sun dryer for preserving vegetables can be made.
-Identify reasons for preserving vegetables (reduce wastage, control spoilage, ensure availability, maintain quality).
-Share points with classmates.

Why do we need a homemade sun dryer for vegetables?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 86
-Digital devices
-Resource person
MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 87
-Video clip

Assessment rubrics -Written questions -Oral questions -Observation

Production Techniques

Homemade Sun Dryer - Design and sketching

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Draw a sketch of a homemade sun dryer.
-Include measurements in the sketch.
-Value proper design for functionality.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Use information from previous lessons to draw a sketch of a homemade sun dryer.
-Include measurements in the sketch.
-Share sketches with classmates.

How do we design a homemade sun dryer?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 87
-Drawing materials
-Ruler
-Paper

Assessment rubrics -Sketches -Observation -Peer assessment

Production Techniques

Homemade Sun Dryer - Measuring and cutting materials
Homemade Sun Dryer - Making the framework

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Measure and cut materials for a homemade sun dryer.
-Use tools safely.
-Value precision in measurement.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Use the sketch of a homemade sun dryer to measure and cut materials.
-Measure and cut pieces of timber to the length shown in the sketch.
-Observe safety when using tools.

How do we measure and cut materials for a homemade sun dryer?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 88
-Timber
-Measuring tape
-Saw
-Safety gear
-Cut timber pieces
-Nails
-Hammer
-Wire mesh

Assessment rubrics -Activity journal -Observation -Practical assessment

Production Techniques

Homemade Sun Dryer - Covering the structure

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Cover the structure with polythene paper.
-Ensure proper fitting of the cover.
-Value proper covering for effectiveness.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Cover the structure using polythene paper.
-Cut polythene according to the size of the sides to be covered, including the door.
-Ensure proper fitting of the cover.

How do we cover a homemade sun dryer?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 88
-Framework structure
-Polythene paper
-Scissors
-Stapler/nails
-Safety gear

Assessment rubrics -Activity journal -Observation -Practical assessment

Production Techniques

Homemade Sun Dryer - Preparing vegetables for drying
Homemade Sun Dryer - Using the sun dryer

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Prepare vegetables for drying.
-Explain steps for preparing vegetables.
-Value proper preparation for quality preservation.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Choose fresh vegetables without physical damage.
-Wash vegetables using clean water.
-Cut or shred vegetables thinly.
-Blanch vegetables to maintain original color.
-Arrange vegetables in a single layer on the tray.

How do we prepare vegetables for drying?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 89
-Fresh vegetables
-Clean water
-Knife
-Cutting board
-Container for blanching
-Heat source
-Homemade sun dryer
-Prepared vegetables
-Cleaning materials

Assessment rubrics -Activity journal -Observation -Practical assessment

Production Techniques

Homemade Sun Dryer - Monitoring the drying process

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Monitor the vegetable drying process.
-Record changes during drying.
-Value monitoring for quality preservation.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Check the progress of vegetables regularly.
-Note that vegetables in upper trays may dry faster.
-Ensure vegetables are dried until brittle.
-Monitor drying process every two days and record changes.

How do we monitor the vegetable drying process?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 89
-Homemade sun dryer with vegetables
-Notebook
-Pen

Assessment rubrics -Activity journal -Observation records -Practical assessment

Production Techniques

Homemade Sun Dryer - Packaging dried vegetables
Homemade Sun Dryer - Promoting vegetable preservation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Package dried vegetables appropriately.
-Identify suitable packaging materials.
-Value proper packaging for storage.

In groups, learners are guided to:
-Ensure vegetables are completely dry.
-Remove dried vegetables from the dryer.
-Package dried vegetables in airtight containers.
-Label packages with type of vegetable and date.

How do we package dried vegetables?

MENTOR Agriculture Learner's Book p. 89
-Dried vegetables
-Airtight containers
-Labels
-Pen
-Digital camera/phone
-Digital platforms

Assessment rubrics -Activity journal -Observation -Practical assessment

Production Techniques

Homemade Sun Dryer - Promoting vegetable preservation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to: