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| WK | LSN | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | T/L ACTIVITIES | T/L AIDS | REFERENCE | REMARKS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 1 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Redox Reactions and Oxidation Numbers
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define redox reactions in terms of electron transfer - State rules for assigning oxidation numbers - Calculate oxidation numbers in compounds - Identify oxidation and reduction processes |
Q/A: Review previous knowledge
- Experiment 4.1: Iron filings + copper(II) sulphate - Experiment 4.2: Iron(II) ions + hydrogen peroxide - Discussion on oxidation number rules with examples |
Iron filings, 1M CuSO₄, 1M FeSO₄, 2M NaOH, 20V H₂O₂, test tubes
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 108-116
|
|
| 2 | 2 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Oxidation Numbers in Naming and Redox Identification
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Apply oxidation numbers to systematic naming - Use oxidation numbers to identify redox reactions - Distinguish oxidizing and reducing agents - Track electron movement in reactions |
Worked examples: Calculate oxidation numbers in complex compounds
- Practice IUPAC naming - Exercise 4.1: Identify redox reactions using oxidation numbers - Name compounds with variable oxidation states |
Compound charts, calculators, student books, practice exercises
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 109-116
|
|
| 2 | 3-4 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Displacement Reactions - Metals and Halogens
Electrochemical Cells and Cell Diagrams |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain displacement reactions using electron transfer - Arrange metals and halogens by reactivity - Predict displacement reactions - Compare oxidizing powers of halogens Define electrode potential and EMF - Describe electrochemical cell components - Draw cell diagrams using correct notation - Explain electron flow and salt bridge function |
Experiment 4.3: Metal displacement reactions - systematic testing
- Experiment 4.4: Halogen displacement (FUME CUPBOARD) - Tabulate results and arrange by reactivity Experiment 4.5: Set up Zn/Cu cell and other metal combinations - Measure EMF values - Practice writing cell notation - Learn conventional representation methods |
Various metals (Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Pb, Cu), metal salt solutions, halogens (Cl₂, Br₂, I₂), halide solutions
Metal electrodes, 1M metal salt solutions, voltmeters, salt bridges, connecting wires |
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 116-122
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 123-128 |
|
| 2 | 5 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Standard Electrode Potentials
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define standard electrode potential - Describe standard hydrogen electrode - List standard conditions - Use electrode potential tables effectively |
Study standard hydrogen electrode setup
- Discussion of standard conditions (25°C, 1M, 1 atm) - Introduction to electrode potential series - Practice reading potential tables |
Standard electrode potential table, diagrams, charts showing standard conditions
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 129-133
|
|
| 3 | 1 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Calculating Cell EMF and Predicting Reactions
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Calculate EMF using standard electrode potentials - Predict reaction spontaneity using EMF - Solve numerical problems on cell EMF - Apply EMF calculations practically |
Worked examples: Calculate EMF for various cells
- Practice EMF calculations - Exercise 4.2 & 4.3: Cell EMF and reaction feasibility problems - Distinguish spontaneous from non-spontaneous reactions |
Calculators, electrode potential data, worked examples, practice problems
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 133-137
|
|
| 3 | 2 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Types of Electrochemical Cells
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe functioning of primary and secondary cells - Compare different cell types - Explain fuel cell operation - State applications of electrochemical cells |
Study dry cell (Le Clanche) and lead-acid accumulator
- Hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell operation - Compare cell types and applications - Discussion on advantages/disadvantages |
Cell diagrams, sample batteries, charts showing cell applications
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 138-141
|
|
| 3 | 3-4 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Electrolysis of Aqueous Solutions I
Electrolysis of Aqueous Solutions II |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define electrolysis and preferential discharge - Investigate electrolysis of dilute sodium chloride - Compare dilute vs concentrated solution effects - Test products formed Analyze electrolysis of dilute sulphuric acid - Investigate electrolysis of metal salt solutions - Measure gas volumes and ratios - Apply theoretical predictions |
Experiment 4.6(a): Electrolysis of dilute NaCl
- Experiment 4.6(b): Electrolysis of brine - Test gases evolved - Compare results and explain differences Experiment 4.7: Electrolysis of dilute H₂SO₄ using U-tube - Experiment 4.8: Electrolysis of MgSO₄ solution - Collect and measure gases - Analyze volume ratios |
Dilute and concentrated NaCl solutions, carbon electrodes, gas collection tubes, test equipment
U-tube apparatus, 2M H₂SO₄, 0.5M MgSO₄, platinum/carbon electrodes, gas syringes |
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 141-146
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 146-148 |
|
| 3 | 5 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Effect of Electrode Material on Electrolysis
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Compare inert vs reactive electrodes - Investigate electrode dissolution - Explain electrode selection importance - Analyze copper purification process |
Experiment 4.9: Electrolysis of CuSO₄ with carbon vs copper electrodes
- Weigh electrodes before/after - Observe color changes - Discussion on electrode effects |
Copper and carbon electrodes, 3M CuSO₄ solution, accurate balance, beakers, connecting wires
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 141-148
|
|
| 4 | 1 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Factors Affecting Electrolysis
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify factors affecting preferential discharge - Explain electrochemical series influence - Discuss concentration and electrode effects - Predict electrolysis products |
Review electrochemical series and discharge order
- Analysis of concentration effects on product formation - Summary of all factors affecting electrolysis - Practice prediction problems |
Electrochemical series chart, summary tables, practice exercises, student books
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 153-155
|
|
| 4 | 2 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Factors Affecting Electrolysis
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify factors affecting preferential discharge - Explain electrochemical series influence - Discuss concentration and electrode effects - Predict electrolysis products |
Review electrochemical series and discharge order
- Analysis of concentration effects on product formation - Summary of all factors affecting electrolysis - Practice prediction problems |
Electrochemical series chart, summary tables, practice exercises, student books
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 153-155
|
|
| 4 | 3-4 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Factors Affecting Electrolysis
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify factors affecting preferential discharge - Explain electrochemical series influence - Discuss concentration and electrode effects - Predict electrolysis products |
Review electrochemical series and discharge order
- Analysis of concentration effects on product formation - Summary of all factors affecting electrolysis - Practice prediction problems |
Electrochemical series chart, summary tables, practice exercises, student books
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 153-155
|
|
| 4 | 5 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Applications of Electrolysis I
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe electrolytic extraction of reactive metals - Explain electroplating process - Apply electrolysis principles to metal coating - Design electroplating setup |
Discussion: Extraction of Na, Mg, Al by electrolysis
- Practical: Electroplate iron nail with copper - Calculate plating requirements - Industrial applications |
Iron nails, copper electrodes, CuSO₄ solution, power supply, industrial process diagrams
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 155-157
|
|
| 5 | 1 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Applications of Electrolysis II
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe manufacture of NaOH and Cl₂ from brine - Explain mercury cell operation - Analyze industrial electrolysis processes - Discuss environmental considerations |
Study mercury cell for NaOH production
- Flow chart analysis of industrial processes - Discussion on applications and environmental impact - Purification of metals |
Flow charts, mercury cell diagrams, environmental impact data, industrial case studies
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 155-157
|
|
| 5 | 2 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Applications of Electrolysis II
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe manufacture of NaOH and Cl₂ from brine - Explain mercury cell operation - Analyze industrial electrolysis processes - Discuss environmental considerations |
Study mercury cell for NaOH production
- Flow chart analysis of industrial processes - Discussion on applications and environmental impact - Purification of metals |
Flow charts, mercury cell diagrams, environmental impact data, industrial case studies
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 155-157
|
|
| 5 | 3-4 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Applications of Electrolysis II
Faraday's Laws and Quantitative Electrolysis |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe manufacture of NaOH and Cl₂ from brine - Explain mercury cell operation - Analyze industrial electrolysis processes - Discuss environmental considerations State Faraday's laws of electrolysis - Define Faraday constant - Calculate mass deposited in electrolysis - Relate electricity to amount of substance |
Study mercury cell for NaOH production
- Flow chart analysis of industrial processes - Discussion on applications and environmental impact - Purification of metals Experiment 4.10: Quantitative electrolysis of CuSO₄ - Measure mass vs electricity passed - Calculate Faraday constant - Verify Faraday's laws |
Flow charts, mercury cell diagrams, environmental impact data, industrial case studies
Accurate balance, copper electrodes, CuSO₄ solution, ammeter, timer, calculators |
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 155-157
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 161-164 |
|
| 5 | 5 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Faraday's Laws and Quantitative Electrolysis
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State Faraday's laws of electrolysis - Define Faraday constant - Calculate mass deposited in electrolysis - Relate electricity to amount of substance |
Experiment 4.10: Quantitative electrolysis of CuSO₄
- Measure mass vs electricity passed - Calculate Faraday constant - Verify Faraday's laws |
Accurate balance, copper electrodes, CuSO₄ solution, ammeter, timer, calculators
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 161-164
|
|
| 6 | 1 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Electrolysis Calculations I
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Calculate mass of products from electrolysis - Determine volumes of gases evolved - Apply Faraday's laws to numerical problems - Solve basic electrolysis calculations |
Worked examples: Mass and volume calculations
- Problems involving different ions - Practice with Faraday constant - Basic numerical problems |
Calculators, worked examples, practice problems, gas volume data, Faraday constant
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 161-164
|
|
| 6 | 2 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Electrolysis Calculations I
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Calculate mass of products from electrolysis - Determine volumes of gases evolved - Apply Faraday's laws to numerical problems - Solve basic electrolysis calculations |
Worked examples: Mass and volume calculations
- Problems involving different ions - Practice with Faraday constant - Basic numerical problems |
Calculators, worked examples, practice problems, gas volume data, Faraday constant
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 161-164
|
|
| 6 | 3-4 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Electrolysis Calculations II
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Determine charge on ions from electrolysis data - Calculate current-time relationships - Solve complex multi-step problems - Apply concepts to industrial situations |
Complex problems: Determine ionic charges
- Current-time-mass relationships - Multi-step calculations - Industrial calculation examples |
Calculators, complex problem sets, industrial data, student books
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 161-164
|
|
| 6 | 5 |
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
|
Advanced Applications and Problem Solving
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Solve examination-type electrochemistry problems - Apply all concepts in integrated problems - Analyze real-world electrochemical processes - Practice complex calculations |
Comprehensive problems combining redox, cells, and electrolysis
- Past examination questions - Industrial case study analysis - Advanced problem-solving techniques |
Past papers, comprehensive problem sets, industrial case studies, calculators
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 108-164
|
|
| 7 | 1 |
METALS
|
Chief Ores of Metals and General Extraction Methods
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Name chief ores of common metals - State formulas of metal ores - Explain general methods of ore concentration - Describe factors affecting extraction methods |
Q/A: Review metallic bonding and reactivity
- Study Table 5.1 - metal ores and formulas - Discussion on ore concentration methods - Froth flotation demonstration |
Chart of metal ores, ore samples if available, Table 5.1, flotation apparatus demonstration
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 139-140
|
|
| 7 | 2 |
METALS
|
Chief Ores of Metals and General Extraction Methods
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Name chief ores of common metals - State formulas of metal ores - Explain general methods of ore concentration - Describe factors affecting extraction methods |
Q/A: Review metallic bonding and reactivity
- Study Table 5.1 - metal ores and formulas - Discussion on ore concentration methods - Froth flotation demonstration |
Chart of metal ores, ore samples if available, Table 5.1, flotation apparatus demonstration
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 139-140
|
|
| 7 | 3-4 |
METALS
|
Occurrence and Extraction of Sodium
Occurrence and Extraction of Aluminium I |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe occurrence of sodium compounds - Explain Down's process for sodium extraction - Draw labeled diagram of Down's cell - Write electrode equations for sodium extraction Describe occurrence and ores of aluminium - Explain ore concentration process - Write equations for bauxite purification - Describe amphoteric nature of aluminium oxide |
Study sodium occurrence in nature
- Teacher demonstration: Down's cell diagram and operation - Discussion on calcium chloride addition - Write electrode reactions and overall equation Study aluminium occurrence and bauxite composition - Demonstration of amphoteric properties - Equations for bauxite dissolution in NaOH - Discussion on impurity removal |
Down's cell diagram, charts showing sodium occurrence, electrode reaction equations
Bauxite samples, NaOH solution, charts showing aluminium extraction steps, chemical equations |
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 140-142
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 142-143 |
|
| 7 | 5 |
METALS
|
Extraction of Aluminium II - Electrolysis
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain role of cryolite in aluminium extraction - Describe electrolytic extraction process - Write electrode equations - Explain why anodes need replacement |
Study Hall-Heroult process setup
- Analysis of electrolytic cell diagram - Write electrode reactions - Discussion on energy requirements and anode corrosion |
Electrolytic cell diagram, cryolite samples, graphite electrodes, energy consumption data
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 142-143
|
|
| 8 | 1 |
METALS
|
Occurrence and Extraction of Iron
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe iron ores and occurrence - Explain blast furnace operation - Write equations for iron extraction reactions - Describe slag formation process |
Study iron ores and blast furnace structure
- Analysis of temperature zones in furnace - Write reduction equations - Discussion on limestone role and slag formation |
Blast furnace diagram, iron ore samples, coke, limestone, temperature zone charts
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 143-145
|
|
| 8 | 2 |
METALS
|
Extraction of Zinc
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe zinc ores and occurrence - Compare reduction and electrolytic methods - Write equations for zinc extraction - Explain lead removal process |
Study zinc blende and calamine
- Compare two extraction methods - Roasting equations and reduction process - Discussion on electrolytic method advantages |
Zinc ore samples, flow charts showing both methods, electrolytic cell diagrams
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 145-148
|
|
| 8 | 3-4 |
METALS
|
Extraction of Lead and Copper
Physical Properties of Metals |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain extraction of lead from galena - Describe copper extraction from copper pyrites - Write relevant chemical equations - Compare purification methods Compare physical properties of sodium, aluminium, zinc, iron and copper - Explain metallic bonding effects - Relate structure to properties - Analyze property data |
Study galena roasting and reduction
- Copper pyrites multi-step extraction - Electrolytic purification processes - Discussion on blister copper formation Study Table 5.2 - physical properties comparison - Discussion on metallic bonding and electron sea model - Analysis of melting points, conductivity, and density trends |
Lead and copper ore samples, extraction flow charts, electrolytic purification diagrams
Table 5.2, metal samples, conductivity apparatus, density measurement equipment |
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 148-151
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 151-152 |
|
| 8 | 5 |
METALS
|
Chemical Properties I - Reaction with Air
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Investigate metal reactions with air and oxygen - Write balanced equations for metal oxidation - Compare reactivity patterns - Explain tarnishing and oxide formation |
Experiment 5.1: Heat metals in air - sodium, aluminium, zinc, iron, copper
- Observe color changes and products - Record observations in Table 5.3 - Write oxidation equations |
Deflagrating spoons, metal samples (Na, Al, Zn, Fe, Cu), Bunsen burners, safety equipment
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 152-154
|
|
| 9 |
Mid term |
|||||||
| 10 | 1 |
METALS
|
Chemical Properties II - Reaction with Water
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Test metal reactions with cold water and steam - Arrange metals by reactivity - Explain aluminium's apparent unreactivity - Write chemical equations for reactions |
Experiment 5.2: Test metals with cold water and steam
- Use Table 5.4 for observations - Test solutions with indicators - Arrange metals in reactivity order |
Metal samples, cold water, steam generator, test tubes, universal indicator, safety equipment
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 154-156
|
|
| 10 | 2 |
METALS
|
Chemical Properties II - Reaction with Water
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Test metal reactions with cold water and steam - Arrange metals by reactivity - Explain aluminium's apparent unreactivity - Write chemical equations for reactions |
Experiment 5.2: Test metals with cold water and steam
- Use Table 5.4 for observations - Test solutions with indicators - Arrange metals in reactivity order |
Metal samples, cold water, steam generator, test tubes, universal indicator, safety equipment
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 154-156
|
|
| 10 | 3-4 |
METALS
|
Chemical Properties II - Reaction with Water
Chemical Properties III - Reaction with Chlorine |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Test metal reactions with cold water and steam - Arrange metals by reactivity - Explain aluminium's apparent unreactivity - Write chemical equations for reactions Investigate metal reactions with chlorine gas - Write equations for chloride formation - Compare reaction vigor - Observe product characteristics |
Experiment 5.2: Test metals with cold water and steam
- Use Table 5.4 for observations - Test solutions with indicators - Arrange metals in reactivity order Experiment 5.3: React hot metals with chlorine gas (FUME CUPBOARD) - Observe color changes and fume formation - Record all observations - Write balanced equations |
Metal samples, cold water, steam generator, test tubes, universal indicator, safety equipment
Chlorine gas, gas jars, metal samples, tongs, deflagrating spoons, fume cupboard, safety equipment |
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 154-156
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 156-157 |
|
| 10 | 5 |
METALS
|
Chemical Properties III - Reaction with Chlorine
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Investigate metal reactions with chlorine gas - Write equations for chloride formation - Compare reaction vigor - Observe product characteristics |
Experiment 5.3: React hot metals with chlorine gas (FUME CUPBOARD)
- Observe color changes and fume formation - Record all observations - Write balanced equations |
Chlorine gas, gas jars, metal samples, tongs, deflagrating spoons, fume cupboard, safety equipment
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 156-157
|
|
| 11 | 1 |
METALS
|
Chemical Properties IV - Reaction with Acids
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Test metal reactions with dilute and concentrated acids - Compare reaction patterns - Write chemical equations - Explain passivation effects |
Experiment 5.4: Test metals with various acids - HCl, HNO₃, H₂SO₄
- Use Table 5.5 for systematic recording - Observe gas evolution - Discuss passivation |
Various acids (dilute and concentrated), metal strips, test tubes, gas collection apparatus, safety equipment
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 157-158
|
|
| 11 | 2 |
METALS
|
Chemical Properties IV - Reaction with Acids
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Test metal reactions with dilute and concentrated acids - Compare reaction patterns - Write chemical equations - Explain passivation effects |
Experiment 5.4: Test metals with various acids - HCl, HNO₃, H₂SO₄
- Use Table 5.5 for systematic recording - Observe gas evolution - Discuss passivation |
Various acids (dilute and concentrated), metal strips, test tubes, gas collection apparatus, safety equipment
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 157-158
|
|
| 11 | 3-4 |
METALS
|
Uses of Metals I - Sodium and Aluminium
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State uses of sodium and its compounds - Explain aluminium applications - Relate properties to uses - Describe alloy formation and uses |
Discussion on sodium uses in industry
- Aluminium applications in transport and construction - Study duralumin and other alloys - Property-use relationships |
Charts showing metal applications, alloy samples, aircraft parts, cooking vessels
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 158-159
|
|
| 11 | 5 |
METALS
|
Uses of Metals II - Zinc, Copper and Iron
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain galvanization process - Describe copper electrical applications - Compare iron, steel, and cast iron uses - Analyze alloy compositions and properties |
Study galvanization and rust prevention
- Copper in electrical applications - Different types of steel and their compositions - Alloy property comparisons |
Galvanized sheets, copper wires, steel samples, alloy composition charts, brass and bronze samples
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 159-161
|
|
| 12 | 1 |
METALS
|
Steel Types and Alloys
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Compare cast iron, wrought iron, and steel - Analyze different steel compositions - Explain alloy property enhancement - Describe specialized steel applications |
Study cast iron, wrought iron, mild steel, and stainless steel
- Analyze carbon content effects - Specialized steels for tools and instruments - Discussion on alloy design |
Steel samples with different compositions, carbon content charts, specialized tools, stainless steel items
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 159-161
|
|
| 12 | 2 |
METALS
|
Steel Types and Alloys
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Compare cast iron, wrought iron, and steel - Analyze different steel compositions - Explain alloy property enhancement - Describe specialized steel applications |
Study cast iron, wrought iron, mild steel, and stainless steel
- Analyze carbon content effects - Specialized steels for tools and instruments - Discussion on alloy design |
Steel samples with different compositions, carbon content charts, specialized tools, stainless steel items
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 159-161
|
|
| 12 | 3-4 |
METALS
|
Steel Types and Alloys
Environmental Effects of Metal Extraction |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Compare cast iron, wrought iron, and steel - Analyze different steel compositions - Explain alloy property enhancement - Describe specialized steel applications Identify environmental impacts of mining - Explain pollution from metal extraction - Describe waste management strategies - Discuss NEMA regulations in Kenya |
Study cast iron, wrought iron, mild steel, and stainless steel
- Analyze carbon content effects - Specialized steels for tools and instruments - Discussion on alloy design Analysis of mining environmental impact - Air, water, and land pollution from extraction - Waste management and slag utilization - NEMA role and regulations |
Steel samples with different compositions, carbon content charts, specialized tools, stainless steel items
Environmental impact case studies, pollution images, NEMA regulation documents, waste management examples |
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 159-161
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 161-162 |
|
| 12 | 5 |
METALS
|
Environmental Effects of Metal Extraction
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify environmental impacts of mining - Explain pollution from metal extraction - Describe waste management strategies - Discuss NEMA regulations in Kenya |
Analysis of mining environmental impact
- Air, water, and land pollution from extraction - Waste management and slag utilization - NEMA role and regulations |
Environmental impact case studies, pollution images, NEMA regulation documents, waste management examples
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 4, Pages 161-162
|
|
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