CLASSIFICATION II

Animal Kingdoms. Kingdom Monera.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify the five animal kingdoms.

State characteristics of members of kingdom Monera.
To identify and draw various bacteria.
To explain how bacteria affect our lives.

Expository approach -The teacher will expose the five kingdoms.
Discussion- General characteristics of unicellular and microscopic organisms.
Drawing and labeling a bacterium.

Q/A: Economic importance of bacteria.

Chart- Types of bacteria

KLB BK III.P 3. CERTIFICATE PG 4

CLASSIFICATION II

Kingdom Protoctista.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To give examples of members of kingdom Protoctista.
To state general characteristics of members of kingdom Protoctista.

Teacher leads in a discussion.

chart

KLB BK III.
PP 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 8

CLASSIFICATION II

Organisms with varied forms.
Organisms in pond water.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw and label an amoeba, paramecium, spirogyra, e.t.c.
To identify organisms in pond water.

Drawing and labelling organisms with varied forms.
Examine a drop of pond water on a glass slide under a microscope.
Draw diagrams of organisms observed.
Compare the observed organisms with those previously drawn and labelled.

Wall charts.
Microscope
Water dropper
Pond water
Glass slides.

KLB BK III. P 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 9
KLB BK III. P. 4-5. CERTIFICATE PG 10

CLASSIFICATION II

Kingdom Fungi. Characteristics of Kingdom Fungi.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To give examples of members of kingdom fungi.
To discuss economic importance of fungi.
To state general characteristics of fungi.

Detailed discussion.
Exposition of new concepts/ terms.

Mushrooms,
Yeast,
Bread mould.

KLB BK III. P 6. CERTIFICATE PG 11

CLASSIFICATION II

Diagrams of Fungi.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw and label various fungi.

Examine bread mould.
Draw and label diagrams of various fngi.

Wall charts,
Bread mould,
Yeast,
Edible mushroom.

KLB BK III. P 6. CERTIFICATE PG 12

CLASSIFICATION II

Diagrams of Fungi.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw and label various fungi.

Examine bread mould.
Draw and label diagrams of various fngi.

Wall charts,
Bread mould,
Yeast,
Edible mushroom.

KLB BK III. P 6. CERTIFICATE PG 12

CLASSIFICATION II

Kingdom Plantae. General characteristics.
Division Bryophyta External structure of a Bryophyta.
Division Pteridophyta.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State general characteristics of plants.
To state general characteristics of Pteridophytes.
To draw and label external features of Pteridophytes.

Q/A: Compare plants with the aforementioned kingdoms, and then list down characteristics of plants.

Teacher leads in a discussion on characteristics of Pteridophytes.
Class experiments: To observe a live or preserved fern.
To draw and label the fern.

Moss plant,
Hand lens,
Slide.
A live or preserved fern.

KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 13
KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 15

CLASSIFICATION II

Division Pteridophyta.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of Pteridophytes.
To draw and label external features of Pteridophytes.

Teacher leads in a discussion on characteristics of Pteridophytes.
Class experiments: To observe a live or preserved fern.
To draw and label the fern.

A live or preserved fern.

KLB BK III. P 7. CERTIFICATE PG 15

CLASSIFICATION II

Division Spermatophyta.
Features of Spermatophytes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of spermatophytes.

Teacher leads in a discussion on spermatophytes.

text book
Complete specimens of bean plant with ponds/ maize plant/ a twig of cypress.

KLB BK III. P 9. CERTIFICATE PG 16

CLASSIFICATION II

Sub-division Gymnospermatophyta.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of gymnospermatophyta.

Detailed discussion.

text book

KLB BK III. P 9. CERTIFICATE PG16

CLASSIFICATION II

Subdivision Angiospermaphyta.
Class Monocotyledonae.
Class Dicotyledonae.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of angiospermaphyta.
To list down characteristics of Dicotyledonae.

Detailed discussion.
Q/A: Comparing gymnospermatophyta and angiospermaphyta.

Class experiments: Examine external features of bean plant/ black jack/ tea.
Discuss their external features.

text book
Maize plant/ wheat/ grass/ sugarcane.
Bean plant/ black jack/ tea.

KLB BK III. P 10. CERTIFICATE PG 16
KLB BK III. P 11. CERTIFICATE PG 17

CLASSIFICATION II

Kingdom Animalia.
Phyllum Arthropoda.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state characteristics of kingdom Animalia.

Q/A: To review general characteristics of animals as compared to those of plants.

text book

KLB BK III. P 12. CERTIFICATE PG 18

CLASSIFICATION II

Class Crustacea.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list down external features of a crab/ crayfish.

Examine preserved specimens of a crab/ crayfish and identify external features.
Draw and label diagrams.
Discuss their general characteristics.

Specimens of a crab/ crayfish.

KLB BK III. P 13. CERTIFICATE PG 21

CLASSIFICATION II

Class Chilopoda.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe external features of a centipede.

Examine a centipede.
Draw and label a centipede.
Discuss general characteristics of Chilopoda comparing them to those of other members of the kingdom Animalia.

A centipede.

KLB BK III. P 14. CERTIFICATE PG 20

CLASSIFICATION II

Class Diplopoda.
Class Arachnida.
Class Insecta.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe external features of a milipede.
To describe external features of common insects.

Examine a milipede.
Draw and label a milipede.
Discuss general characteristics of diplopoda comparing them to those of other members of the kingdom Animalia.

Examine live/ freshly killed specimens of ground beetle, honeybee, termite, e.t.c.
List down general characteristics of insecta.
Discuss economic importance of insects.

A milipede.
Specimens of freshly killed/ preserved arachnids.
Live/ freshly killed specimens of ground beetle, honey-bee, termite, e.t.c.

KLB BK III. P 15. CERTIFICATE PG 20
KLB BK III. P 15. CERTIFICATE PG 21

CLASSIFICATION II

Phyllum Chordata.
Class Pisces.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify general characteristics of chordates.

Q/A: Identify classes of phylum chordata.
Discussion: characteristics of chordates.

Chart tilapia fish.

KLB BK III. PP 16-18. CERTIFICATE PG 22

CLASSIFICATION II

Class Amphibia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To compare observable features of a tilapia fish and those of a frog.

Group experiments- Observing specimens and placing them in their respective classes.

Preserved specimens ? fish, amphibians.

KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 23

CLASSIFICATION II

Class Amphibia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To compare observable features of a tilapia fish and those of a frog.

Group experiments- Observing specimens and placing them in their respective classes.

Preserved specimens ? fish, amphibians.

KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 23

CLASSIFICATION II

Class Reptilia.
Class Aves.
Class Mammalia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state general characteristics of reptilia.
To state general characteristics of Mammalia.

Q/A: Comparing reptiles and amphibians/ aves
Discussion: General characteristics of reptilia.
Q/A: Examples of egg laying mammals, pouched mammals, primates, etc.

Chart- Diagrams of birds.
Diagrams of various mammals.

KLB BK III. P 18. CERTIFICATE PG 24
KLB BK III. P 20. CERTIFICATE PG  25

CLASSIFICATION II

Dichotomous key.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the rules used in constructing a dichotomous key.

Teacher exposes features of a dichotomous key.

KLB BK III. P 23. CERTIFICATE PG 27

CLASSIFICATION II

Features for identifying animals / plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To list identification features for animals/ plants.

Teacher exposes features for identifying animals/ plants.

KLB BK III. P 24. CERTIFICATE PG 27

CLASSIFICATION II

Examples of dichotomous keys.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To construct dichotomous keys using leaves, stems, e.t.c.

Teacher leads through constructed dichotomous keys.

Chart- Constructed dichotomous keys.

KLB BK III. P 24. CERTIFICATE PG28

CLASSIFICATION II
ECOLOGY

Construction of dichotomous keys.
Ecological pyramids of numbers.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To construct a guided dichotomous key of a given number of steps.
To use a constructed dichotomous key to identify given specimens.
To construct own dichotomous key.
To represent feeding relationships and energy flow using pyramids of numbers.

Supervised exercise.

Written exercise.

Exercise review.
Q/A: Review trophic levels.
Teacher explains features of pyramid of numbers.

Plants from different families.

Different plant species.
chart

KLB BK III. PP 24-30 CERTIFICATE PG30
KLB BK III. PP 41-42. CERTIFICATE PG 49

ECOLOGY

Constructing Pyramid of numbers from given data.
Inverted pyramid of numbers.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To construct pyramid of numbers from given data.

To interpret constructed pyramid of numbers from given data.

Q/A: Identifying trophic levels of organisms.

Use given date to construct pyramid of numbers.

Supervised Exercise.

text book
Chart- Inverted pyramid of numbers.

KLB BK III. PP 42-43 CERTIFICATE PG 49

ECOLOGY

Pyramid of Biomass.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define biomass of an organism.
To interpret the pyramid of biomass.
To construct a biomass from given data.

Teacher exposes new concepts; then leads in a detailed discussion.

Students construct biomass from given data.

chart

KLB BK III. PP 44-45. CERTIFICATE PG 50

ECOLOGY

Population.
Quadrat method of estimating population.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe some characteristics of populations.
To explain factors affecting population growth rate.

Q/A: Definition of population.
Discuss population density, dispersion and growth.
Q/A: Factors affecting population growth rate; including food availability, space, diseases such as HIV/AIDS, pests, e.t.c.

text book

KLB BK III. P 46.  CERTIFICATE PG 60

ECOLOGY

Quadrat method of estimating population.
Line - transect method of estimating population.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To estimate population using quadrat method.
To describe the line transect method of population.
To suggest limitations of line transect method of population.

Students? outdoor activity- Estimating population using standard quadrats.
Teacher explains procedure of line transect method of population.
Q/A: Students suggest limitations of line transect method of population.

Standard quadrats.
text book

KLB BK III. PP
46-47. CERTIFICATE PG 62
KLB BK III.
PP 47-48. CERTIFICATE PG 63

ECOLOGY

Belt transect method of estimating population.
Capture-recapture method.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To estimate population using belt transect method of population.

Group work ? outdoor activity.
Discussion.

Tape measure, quadrats, pegs, thermometer, pH indicator, e.t.c
specimen

KLB BK III. PP 48-49. CERTIFICATE PG 63

ECOLOGY

Xerophytes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state characteristics of dry habitats.
To identify adaptations of xerophytes to their habitats.

Q/A: Characteristics of dry habitats.
Discussion: Adaptations of xerophytes to dry habitats.

Specimens of xerophytes.

KLB BK III. P 50. CERTIFICATE PG 64

ECOLOGY

Mesophytes.
Hydrophytes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state characteristics of habitats of mesophytes.

To explain adaptations of mesophytes to their habitats.

Q/A: Characteristics of habitats where mesophytes thrive.

Discussion: Adaptations of mesophytes to their habitats.

Specimens of mesophytes.
Specimens of hydrophytes.

KLB BK III. P 51. CERTIFICATE PG 69

ECOLOGY

Halophytes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state characteristics of habitats of halophytes.
To explain adaptations of halophytes to their habitats.

Q/A: Characteristics of dry habitats.
Discussion: Adaptations of dry habitats.

Specimens of halophytes.

KLB BK III. P 52. CERTIFICATE PG 68

ECOLOGY

Adaptive features of plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Group experiments- Students examine given specimens and suggest their habitats.
Identify adaptive features.

Xerophytes Mesophytes
Hydrophytes
Hand lenses.

KLB BK III. P 50. CERTIFICATE PG 69

ECOLOGY

Pollution and its effects.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define pollution, pollutants.
To explain effects of pollution on human beings and other organisms.

Discussion punctuated with Q/A.

text book

KLB BK III. P 55. CERTIFICATE PG 70

ECOLOGY

Air pollution.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify causes and effects of air pollution.
To suggest control measures of air pollution.

Detailed discussion & probing questions.

topic related video

KLB BK III. PP 56-59. CERTIFICATE PG 70

ECOLOGY

Water pollution.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify causes and effects of water pollution.
To suggest control measures of water pollution.

Detailed discussion & Q/A.

video of water pollution

KLB BK III. P 60. CERTIFICATE PG 77

ECOLOGY

Water pollution.
Soil pollution.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify causes and effects of water pollution.
To suggest control measures of water pollution.


To identify causes and effects of soil pollution.
To suggest control measures of soil pollution.

Detailed discussion & Q/A.

video of water pollution
text book

KLB BK III. P 60. CERTIFICATE PG 77
KLB BK III. P 62. CERTIFICATE PG 80

ECOLOGY

Radioactive emissions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify effects of radioactive emissions.
To state uses of nuclear energy.

Brief discussion on radioactive emissions and nuclear energy

text book

KLB BK III. P 62. CERTIFICATE PG 72

ECOLOGY

Human diseases. Typhoid & cholera.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify disease predisposing factors.
To describe causative agents, symptoms, prevention of bacterial diseases.

Detailed discussion with probing questions.

text book

KLB BK III. P 63. CERTIFICATE PG 82

ECOLOGY

Protozoan diseases.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify causal agents, symptoms, prevention and treatment of amoebic dysentery and malaria.

Detailed discussion, Q/A.

magazine

KLB BK III. PP 66. CERTIFICATE PG 83

ECOLOGY

Prevention and control of protozoan diseases.
Ascaris lumbricoides.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain methods of preventing and controlling protozoan diseases.
To identify adaptive features of Ascaris lumbricoides.
To state and explain effects of a parasite on the host.
To suggest preventive and control measures.

Group activities: Students examine preserved specimens of Ascaris lumbricoides and identify some adaptive features.

Detailed discussion.

Preserved specimens of Ascaris lumbricoides.

CERTIFICATE PG  83
KLB BK III. P 67. CERTIFICATE PG 87

ECOLOGY

Bilharzia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify causal and transmission agents of bilharzia.
To describe effects of the parasite on its host.
To identify adaptive features of schistosoma.

Brief discussion
Q/A: Effects on host and control measures.

chart

KLB BK III. P 69. CERTIFICATE PG 86