CATTLE

Methods of calf rearing.
Weaning of calves.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State merits & demerits of natural and artificial methods of calf rearing.

Q/A & discussion.

Chart - weaning guide.

KLB BK IV
Pg 29-30
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 26-29

CATTLE

Rearing replacement stock.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe routine management practices for rearing replacement stock.
Give reasons for carrying out varying routine practices.

Q/A: review common management routine practices.

Discussion & Q/A. parasite control, castration, disease control, identification, dehorning.

video

KLB BK IV
Pg 32-3

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 30

CATTLE

Calf housing.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of calf pens.
Outline requirements for calf pens.

Exposition of new concepts.
Q/A & explanations.

Calf houses.

KLB BK IV
Pg 33-34
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 31

CATTLE

Routine management practices in poultry.
Factors affecting milk composition.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Analyze routine management practices in calf rearing.

Q/A: review routine management practices in livestock.
Brief discussion.

video

KLB BK IV
Pg 34-36
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 31

CATTLE

Milk secretion and let-down.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the structure of the mammary gland.
Describe the flow of milk from the alveoli to the teat canal.

Drawing and labeling diagram of the udder.
Exposition of new concepts.

Chart-
Structure of the udder.

KLB BK IV
Pg 38-40

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 33-34

CATTLE

Clean milk.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State characteristics of clean milk.
Outline essentials of clean milk production.

Oral questions & brief discussion.

milk

KLB BK IV
Pg 40-42
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 34-35

CATTLE

Milking materials and equipment.
Milking procedure and technique.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
List down necessary milking materials and equipment.
State the purpose of the milking materials and equipment.

Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Discussion.

Strip cup.
Lactating cow, basic milking equipment.

KLB BK IV
Pg 42-44

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 35-37

CATTLE

Dry cow therapy. Milk products. Marketing of milk and beef.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the concept of dry cow therapy.

Name various milk products.
Describe marketing of milk, beef & their by-products in Kenya.

Explanations & brief discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 46-47

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 38-40

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Electrical system of a tractor.
Tractor ignition system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Name the components in the electrical system of a tractor.
Highlight methods of maintaining a tractor battery.

Refer to diagram for electrical system of a tractor;
Brief discussion.

Chart-  electrical system.
Chart - ignition system.

KLB BK IV
Pg 65-67

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 61

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Tractor cooling system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Briefly describe air-cooled and water-cooled systems.
Discuss proper maintenance of cooling system.

Brief discussion.

Chart- water cooling system.

KLB BK IV
Pg 69-71

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 63-64

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Lubrication system of an engine.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the lubrication system of an engine.
Outline importance of maintaining the lubrication system.

Exposition;
Brief discussion.

diagram of a lubrication system

KLB BK IV
Pg 71-72
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 64-5

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Power transmission system of an engine.
Tractor servicing.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the function of power transmission system.
State the function of the clutch, gearbox and the differential.

Teacher exposes the parts of power transmission system.
Refer to diagrams to identify parts of a power transmission system;
Brief discussion.

Chart- power transmission
system.

KLB BK IV
Pg 72-76

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 64-65

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Tractor drawn implements.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Classify tractor drawn implements on basis of attachment to the tractor.
List down maintenance practices for a trailer.

Teacher?s explanations.


Q/A: maintenance practices.

Charts-
Tractor drawn implements.

KLB BK IV
Pg 77-80

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 66-7

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Disc plough.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Label parts of a disc plough
List down maintenance practices for a disc plough.

Q/A: review primary and secondary cultivation.

Drawing labeled diagrams.

Q/A & discussion.

Chart- Disc plough

KLB BK IV
Pg 79-80

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 68-9

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Mould board plough.
Harrows.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State operational differences between the disc plough and mould board plough.

Chart- Mould board plough
harrows 

KLB BK IV
Pg 80-82
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 70-1

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Other farm implements.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the functional features of subsoilers, ridgers, rotary tillers & mowers.
List down maintenance practices for the
implements.

Exposition & brief discussion.
Excursion & exhibitions.

illustrative video

KLB BK IV
Pg 85-91

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 78-82

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.
AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Animal drawn implements.
Household firm relationship.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of animal drawn implements and state their functions.
List down maintenance practices for an ox-plough, an ox-plough, and an ox-cart.
State merits & demerits of using animal-drawn implements compared to tractor power.

Drawing and labeling an ox-plough;
Probing questions;
Discussion.

Chart:
An ox-plough.
resource person

KLB BK IV
Pg 91-94


Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 82-83

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Gross domestic product (GDP) and Gross National product (GNP). Per Capita Income.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the terms GDP & GNP.
Define the term gross national income (GNI).


Define the term per capita income.

Exposition & explanations.



Calculations.

calculator

KLB BK IV
Pg 97-98

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 87-88

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Contribution of Agriculture to national development.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain contribution of Agriculture to development.

Brain storming;
Discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 98-9
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 90-91

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Land as a factor of production.
Labor as a factor of production.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the economic value of production of crops and livestock and space for construction of farm buildings, agro-industries & infrastructure.
List down methods of land acquisition.

Exposition of new concepts;
Probing questions to elicit responses;
Brief discussion.

student book
chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 99-100

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 92-3

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Capital.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term capital.
Identify types of capital.
List sources of capital.

Oral questions, exposition & discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 102-3
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 94-95

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Management as a production factor.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State functions of a manager in a farm.
Identify good qualities of a manager.

Q/A & discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 103-4

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Production function.
Production function curves.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define production function.
State characteristics of variable and fixed inputs.

Q/A: examples of inputs & outputs; variable and fixed inputs;
Brief discussion.

Graph papers.

KLB BK IV
Pg 104-6
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 96-7

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Increasing returns production functions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Illustrate and interpret Increasing returns production functions.
Give empirical examples where increasing returns production functions are experienced.

Tabulate inputs and outputs.
Graphical representation of increasing returns production functions.

Graph papers.

KLB BK IV
Pg 107-8
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 99

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Constant returns production functions.
Decreasing returns production functions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Constant returns production functions.
Give empirical examples where Increasing returns production functions are experienced.

Tabulate inputs and outputs.
Graphical representation of constant returns production functions.

charts
graphs

KLB BK IV
Pg 108-9

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 99

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Law of diminishing returns.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the law oh diminishing returns.

Refer to illustrative tables.
Plot graphs from the tables;
Discuss shape of the curve.

graphs

KLB BK IV
Pg 112

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 100-1

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Zones of a PF curve.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Divide a production function into three zones.
Identify rational zones of production.

Q/A: review AP, MP.
Guided discovery of the three zones.

Chart - Curve showing 3 zones of PF.

KLB BK IV
Pg 113-5
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 101-2

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

The principles of substitution. Input-input relationship.
Product-product relationship. Supplementary and complementary products.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the principles of substitution.
Give examples illustrating principles of substitution.
Identify ways of combining inputs.

Exposition.

Illustrative examples, brief discussion.

charts

KLB BK IV
Pg 115-6

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 102

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

The principle of equi-marginal returns. The concept of cost.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the principle of equi-marginal returns.

Determine the cost of production.
Identify the role of cost in production.
List types of costs.

Discussion.


Exposition;
Worked examples.

KLB BK IV
Pg 117-9

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 104-5,6

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Types of revenue.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Compute total revenue, net revenue and marginal revenue given the relevant information.

Worked examples;
Explanations.

KLB BK IV
Pg 119-120
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 107

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Farm planning.
Making a farm plan.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State factors to consider when drawing a farm plan.

Exposition, Q/A & discussion.

charts

KLB BK IV
Pg 121-2
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 108

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Farm budgeting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define a farm budget.
Analyse importance of farm budgeting.

Exposition & discussion.

chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 123
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 110

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Types of farm budgets.
Farmer?s support services Extension, training & banking.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe types of farm budgets.
Give examples of contexts where certain types of budgets are used.
Draw a partial budget.
Draw a complete budget.

Exposition & discussion,
Worked examples;
Supervised practice;
Written exercises.

chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 124-7

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 110-1

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Credit. Sources of credit.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term credit.
Identify types of credit.
Differentiate between hard & soft credit.
List down sources of credit.
Identify problems associated with credits.

Detailed discussion
& exposition of new concepts.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 128-130



Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 113-5

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Artificial insemination & Agricultural research.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe A.I. services provided to farmers.
Identify objectives of Agricultural research.
Give examples of Agricultural research centers in Kenya.

Detailed discussion
& exposition of new concepts.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 130-2

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 115-6

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Marketing. Farm input suppliers Tractor hire service
Risks and uncertainties in farming.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite examples of organizations that help farmers in marketing their produce.
Cite organizations where farmers can obtain farm inputs.
State merits & demerits of tractor hire service.
Cite points of tractor hire service.

Writing initials in full e.g. KPCU.

Brief discussion

resource person

KLB BK IV
Pg 132-4


Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 112-3

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Adjusting to uncertainties and risks.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline ways of adjusting to risks and uncertainties.

Brain storming;
Detailed discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 135-6

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 118-9

AGRO FORESTRY

Definition of Agroforestry. Forms of agroforestry.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define the term agroforestry.

Describe forms of agroforestry.

Probing questions & explanations.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 200-1

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 166-7

AGRO FORESTRY

Importance of agroforestry.
Tree nursery.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the importance of agroforestry.

Tree nurseries.

KLB BK IV
Pg 201-2
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 167-8

AGRO FORESTRY

Nursery management practices & Care and management of trees.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify practices carried out on the nursery in order to produce healthy tree seedlings.
Describe the care and management of trees.

Brain storming;
Discussion;
Practical activities ? transplanting seedlings.

Tree nurseries.

KLB BK IV
Pg 205-8

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 173-177