CATTLE

Factors affecting milk composition.
Milk secretion and let-down.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Highlight factors affecting milk composition.

Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Discussion.

Chart-
Structure of the udder.

KLB BK IV
Pg 36-38
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 32

CATTLE

Clean milk.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State characteristics of clean milk.
Outline essentials of clean milk production.

Oral questions & brief discussion.

milk

KLB BK IV
Pg 40-42
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 34-35

CATTLE

Milking materials and equipment.
Milking procedure and technique.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
List down necessary milking materials and equipment.
State the purpose of the milking materials and equipment.

Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Discussion.

Strip cup.
Lactating cow, basic milking equipment.

KLB BK IV
Pg 42-44

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 35-37

CATTLE

Dry cow therapy. Milk products. Marketing of milk and beef.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the concept of dry cow therapy.

Name various milk products.
Describe marketing of milk, beef & their by-products in Kenya.

Explanations & brief discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 46-47

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 38-40

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Electrical system of a tractor.
Tractor ignition system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Name the components in the electrical system of a tractor.
Highlight methods of maintaining a tractor battery.

Refer to diagram for electrical system of a tractor;
Brief discussion.

Chart-  electrical system.
Chart - ignition system.

KLB BK IV
Pg 65-67

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 61

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Tractor cooling system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Briefly describe air-cooled and water-cooled systems.
Discuss proper maintenance of cooling system.

Brief discussion.

Chart- water cooling system.

KLB BK IV
Pg 69-71

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 63-64

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Lubrication system of an engine.
Power transmission system of an engine.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the lubrication system of an engine.
Outline importance of maintaining the lubrication system.

Exposition;
Brief discussion.

diagram of a lubrication system
Chart- power transmission
system.

KLB BK IV
Pg 71-72
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 64-5

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Tractor servicing.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe tractor servicing and maintenance practices.

Brief discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 776-77
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 65-6

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Tractor drawn implements.
Disc plough.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Classify tractor drawn implements on basis of attachment to the tractor.
List down maintenance practices for a trailer.

Teacher?s explanations.


Q/A: maintenance practices.

Charts-
Tractor drawn implements.
Chart- Disc plough

KLB BK IV
Pg 77-80

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 66-7

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Mould board plough.
Harrows.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State operational differences between the disc plough and mould board plough.

Chart- Mould board plough
harrows 

KLB BK IV
Pg 80-82
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 70-1

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Other farm implements.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the functional features of subsoilers, ridgers, rotary tillers & mowers.
List down maintenance practices for the
implements.

Exposition & brief discussion.
Excursion & exhibitions.

illustrative video

KLB BK IV
Pg 85-91

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 78-82

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.
AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Animal drawn implements.
Household firm relationship.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of animal drawn implements and state their functions.
List down maintenance practices for an ox-plough, an ox-plough, and an ox-cart.
State merits & demerits of using animal-drawn implements compared to tractor power.

Drawing and labeling an ox-plough;
Probing questions;
Discussion.

Chart:
An ox-plough.
resource person

KLB BK IV
Pg 91-94


Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 82-83

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Gross domestic product (GDP) and Gross National product (GNP). Per Capita Income.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the terms GDP & GNP.
Define the term gross national income (GNI).


Define the term per capita income.

Exposition & explanations.



Calculations.

calculator

KLB BK IV
Pg 97-98

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 87-88

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Contribution of Agriculture to national development.
Land as a factor of production.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain contribution of Agriculture to development.

Brain storming;
Discussion.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 98-9
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 90-91

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Labor as a factor of production.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term labor as used in production.
Explain ways of improving labor productivity.
Identify types of labor.

Oral questions & discussion.

chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 100-2

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 93-4

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Capital.
Management as a production factor.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term capital.
Identify types of capital.
List sources of capital.

Oral questions, exposition & discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 102-3
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 94-95

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Production function.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define production function.
State characteristics of variable and fixed inputs.

Q/A: examples of inputs & outputs; variable and fixed inputs;
Brief discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 104-6
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 96-7

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Production function curves.
Increasing returns production functions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Illustrate and interpret input-output relationship graphically.

Worked examples: supervised practice.

Graph papers.

KLB BK IV
Pg 106-7
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 98

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Constant returns production functions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Constant returns production functions.
Give empirical examples where Increasing returns production functions are experienced.

Tabulate inputs and outputs.
Graphical representation of constant returns production functions.

charts

KLB BK IV
Pg 108-9

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 99

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Decreasing returns production functions.
Law of diminishing returns.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Decreasing returns production functions.
Give empirical examples where decreasing returns production functions are experienced.

Tabulate inputs and outputs.
Graphical representation of decreasing returns production functions.

graphs

KLB BK IV
Pg 109-10

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Zones of a PF curve.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Divide a production function into three zones.
Identify rational zones of production.

Q/A: review AP, MP.
Guided discovery of the three zones.

Chart - Curve showing 3 zones of PF.

KLB BK IV
Pg 113-5
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 101-2

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

The principles of substitution. Input-input relationship.
Product-product relationship. Supplementary and complementary products.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the principles of substitution.
Give examples illustrating principles of substitution.
Identify ways of combining inputs.

Exposition.

Illustrative examples, brief discussion.

charts

KLB BK IV
Pg 115-6

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 102

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

The principle of equi-marginal returns. The concept of cost.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the principle of equi-marginal returns.

Determine the cost of production.
Identify the role of cost in production.
List types of costs.

Discussion.


Exposition;
Worked examples.

KLB BK IV
Pg 117-9

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 104-5,6

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Types of revenue.
Farm planning.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Compute total revenue, net revenue and marginal revenue given the relevant information.

Worked examples;
Explanations.

charts

KLB BK IV
Pg 119-120
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 107

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Making a farm plan.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline steps followed in making a farm plan.

Exposition, probing questions & discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 122-3
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 109

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Farm budgeting.
Types of farm budgets.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define a farm budget.
Analyse importance of farm budgeting.

Exposition & discussion.

chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 123
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 110

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Farmer?s support services Extension, training & banking.
Credit. Sources of credit.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe extension, training & banking as support services to the farmers.

Exposition & explanations.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 127-8

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 112-3

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Artificial insemination & Agricultural research.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe A.I. services provided to farmers.
Identify objectives of Agricultural research.
Give examples of Agricultural research centers in Kenya.

Detailed discussion
& exposition of new concepts.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 130-2

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 115-6

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Marketing. Farm input suppliers Tractor hire service
Risks and uncertainties in farming.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite examples of organizations that help farmers in marketing their produce.
Cite organizations where farmers can obtain farm inputs.
State merits & demerits of tractor hire service.
Cite points of tractor hire service.

Writing initials in full e.g. KPCU.

Brief discussion

resource person

KLB BK IV
Pg 132-4


Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 112-3

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Adjusting to uncertainties and risks.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline ways of adjusting to risks and uncertainties.

Brain storming;
Detailed discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 135-6

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 118-9

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Financial documents.
Books of accounts.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Outline details contained in an invoice, receipt, delivery note and a purchase order.

Oral questions & brief discussion.

Invoice, receipt, delivery note and a purchase order.

KLB BK IV
Pg 139-145

Longhorn Bk 4
121

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Cash book.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features of the cash book.
Balance cash book.

Oral questions & brief discussion.
Illustrative examples.

Cash book.

KLB BK IV
Pg 150
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 125

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Journal & Subsidiary books of the Journal.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features of the journal & subsidiary books of the journal.

Oral questions & brief discussion.
Illustrative tables.

KLB BK IV
Pg 151-3

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Financial statements. Balance sheet.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features of balance sheets.
Prepare a balance sheet.

Make entries in a balance sheet.
Prepare a balance sheet.
Supervised practice.

Balance sheet.

KLB BK IV
Pg 154-7
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 129-130

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Solvency of a business.
Profit and loss account.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Determine whether a business is solvent or insolvent.

chart 

KLB BK IV
Pg 154-7
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 130

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Cash analysis.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term cash analysis.
Draw a cash analysis.
Compute total receipt and total expenditure for a given accounting period.

Worked examples.
Supervised practice.
Written exercise.

chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 159-162

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 133-4