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SCHEME OF WORK
Social Studies
Grade 8 2025
TERM II
School


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WK LSN STRAND SUB-STRAND LESSON LEARNING OUTCOMES LEARNING EXPERIENCES KEY INQUIRY QUESTIONS LEARNING RESOURCES ASSESSMENT METHODS REFLECTION
2 1-4
People, Population and Relationships
Scientific Theory about Human Origin - Evolution theory
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explore the scientific theory about human origin
-Describe how scientific theory is used to explain human origin
-Develop a sense of humanity based on common origin

- Learners discuss in groups how scientific theory is used to explain human origin and present
-Learners use digital technology to find out the places where early human remains were discovered in Africa
Why is Africa considered as the cradle of humanity?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 20
-Digital resources
-Maps
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
2

Opening assessment

3 1
People, Population and Relationships
Scientific Theory about Human Origin - Human remains
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Draw a map of Africa and locate where prehistoric human remains were discovered
-Identify the places where early human remains were discovered
-Develop a sense of humanity based on common origin

- Learners draw a map of Africa and locate where prehistoric human remains were discovered
-Learners use digital technology to find out the places where early human remains were discovered in Africa
Why is Africa considered as the cradle of humanity?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 20
-Maps
-Digital resources
- Oral questions -Project work -Observation
3 2
People, Population and Relationships
Scientific Theory about Human Origin - Different species
Scientific Theory about Human Origin - Changes in humans
Scientific Theory about Human Origin - Africa as cradle of humanity
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify the differences between various species of early humans
-Describe when various human species existed
-Appreciate the common origin of humans

- Learners brainstorm in groups on the differences between various species of early humans and when they existed
-Learners share their findings in class
Why is Africa considered as the cradle of humanity?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 21
-Charts, marker pens
-Digital resources
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 22
-Charts
-Approved textbooks
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
3 3
People, Population and Relationships
Scientific Theory about Human Origin - Preservation of remains
Early Civilisation - Origin of early visitors
Early Civilisation - Early visitors
Early Civilisation - Swahili civilisation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Discuss the preservation of remains of early humans
-Draw conclusions on common understanding of origin of humanity
-Develop a sense of humanity based on common origin

- Learners engage with a resource person to discuss the preservation of remains of early humans
-Learners debate on the scientific theory of human origin and Africa as the cradle of humanity
Why is Africa considered as the cradle of humanity?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 23
-Resource persons
-Digital resources
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 32
-Map of Africa
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 33
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 34
-Marker pens
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
3 4
People, Population and Relationships
Early Civilisation - East African city states
Early Civilisation - Architectural designs
Early Civilisation - Social organization
Early Civilisation - Impact of Swahili civilization
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify the major East African city states
-Locate the East African city states on a map
-Value cultural heritage

- Learners draw a map showing the location of major East African city states
-Learners discuss characteristics of the major East African city states
Why is cultural heritage important to society?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 35
-Map of Africa
-Digital resources
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 36
-Pictures
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 37
-Marker pens
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 38
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
4 1
People, Population and Relationships
Early Civilisation - Best practices
Trans-Saharan Slave Trade - Development factors
Trans-Saharan Slave Trade - Organization
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Show how the best practices from early civilisations have contributed to the modern world
-Role play the best practices from early civilisations
-Appreciate the best practices of early civilization

- Learners role play the best practices from early civilisations to the development of the modern world
-Learners reflect on their own during role-play
Why is cultural heritage important to society?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 38
-Digital resources
-Manilla papers
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 39
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 40
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
4 2
People, Population and Relationships
Trans-Saharan Slave Trade - Source regions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Draw a map of Africa and locate regions where slaves were sourced
-Identify major slave trade routes
-Desire to promote social justice in a society

- Learners draw a map of Africa and locate regions where slaves were sourced during the Trans-Saharan slave trade
-Learners trace the major slave trade routes on a map
Why do people subject others to slave trade?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 41
-Maps
-Digital resources
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
4 3
People, Population and Relationships
Trans-Saharan Slave Trade - Effects
Trans-Saharan Slave Trade - Resistance
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Outline the effects of Trans-Saharan slave trade in Africa
-Discuss how slave trade affected African communities
-Participate in promotion of social justice in the society

- Learners work together and discuss the effects of Trans-Saharan slave trade in Africa
-Learners appreciate diverse opinions as they work together
Why do people subject others to slave trade?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 42
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 43
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
4 4
People, Population and Relationships
Trans-Saharan Slave Trade - End of slave trade
Population Growth in Africa - Causes
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Discuss factors that led to the end of Trans-Saharan slave trade
-Explain the role of different groups in ending slave trade
-Participate in promotion of social justice in the society

- Learners research on factors that led to the end of Trans-Saharan slave trade
-Learners discuss the role of different groups in ending slave trade
Why do people subject others to slave trade?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 44
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 46
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
5 1
People, Population and Relationships
Population Growth in Africa - Effects
Population Growth in Africa - Demographic trends
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explore effects of population growth in Africa
-Research on the effects of population growth
-Create awareness on the effects of population growth

- Learners use digital and print resources to research on the effects of population growth in Africa
-Learners discuss how population growth affects communities
Why is it important to study demographic changes?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 47
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 48
-Recent census data
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
5 2
People, Population and Relationships
Population Growth in Africa - Types of migration
Population Growth in Africa - Factors of migration
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Examine types of migration in Africa
-Identify different types of migration
-Appreciate the impact of migration on population growth in Africa

- Learners brainstorm in groups on types of migration
-Learners identify different types of migration in Africa
Why is it important to study demographic changes?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 49
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 50
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
5 3
People, Population and Relationships
Population Growth in Africa - Awareness
Diversity, Inclusion and Interpersonal Skills - Social-cultural diversities
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Develop posters to create awareness of the effect of population growth
-Create awareness on the effects of population growth in the community
-Appreciate the impact of migration on population growth in Africa

- Learners exhibit team spirit as they develop posters to create awareness of the effect of population growth in the community
-Learners discuss the effects of rapid population growth
Why is it important to study demographic changes?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 51
-Manila papers
-Marker pens
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 55
-Digital resources
-Internet
- Oral questions -Observation -Project work
5 4
People, Population and Relationships
Diversity, Inclusion and Interpersonal Skills - Social cohesion
Diversity, Inclusion and Interpersonal Skills - Self-esteem
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Discuss personal and social cultural factors that influence social cohesion
-Explore their own beliefs and those of others
-Appreciate social cultural diversities in Kenya

- Learners explore their own beliefs and those of others as they discuss personal and social cultural factors that influence social cohesion
-Learners identify factors that influence social cohesion
How can we demonstrate respect and appreciation of Social Cultural Diversity and Inclusion?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 56
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 5
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
6 1
People, Population and Relationships
Diversity, Inclusion and Interpersonal Skills - Emotions
Diversity, Inclusion and Interpersonal Skills - Managing emotions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Describe the impact of emotions on self and others
-Watch video clips on ways of handling different emotional states
-Appreciate social cultural diversities in Kenya

- Learners watch video clips on ways of handling different emotional states
-Learners share experiences on handling different emotional states
How can we demonstrate respect and appreciation of Social Cultural Diversity and Inclusion?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 7
-Digital resources
-Video clips
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 8
-Resource person
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
6 2
People, Population and Relationships
Diversity, Inclusion and Interpersonal Skills - Peer pressure
Diversity, Inclusion and Interpersonal Skills - Positive peer pressure
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Managing peer pressure in a culturally diverse environment
-Role play ways of managing peer pressure
-Appreciate social cultural diversities in Kenya

- Learners practice inclusivity as they role play ways of managing peer pressure
-Learners discuss ways of managing peer pressure
How can we demonstrate respect and appreciation of Social Cultural Diversity and Inclusion?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 9
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 10
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
6 3
People, Population and Relationships
Diversity, Inclusion and Interpersonal Skills - Cultural diversities
Diversity, Inclusion and Interpersonal Skills - Cultural appreciation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Compose communication messages on social cultural diversities in Kenya
-Share the communication messages in class
-Appreciate social cultural diversities in Kenya

- Learners in groups, compose communication messages on social cultural diversities in Kenya
-Learners share the communication messages in class
How can we demonstrate respect and appreciation of Social Cultural Diversity and Inclusion?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 11
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 12
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
6 4
People, Population and Relationships
Diversity, Inclusion and Interpersonal Skills - Inclusivity
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explain the importance of inclusivity in a diverse environment
-Discuss ways of promoting inclusivity
-Appreciate social cultural diversities in Kenya

- Learners explain the importance of inclusivity in a diverse environment
-Learners discuss ways of promoting inclusivity
How can we demonstrate respect and appreciation of Social Cultural Diversity and Inclusion?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 13
-Digital resources
-Internet
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
7 1
People, Population and Relationships
Peace and Non-violent Conflict Resolution - Family conflicts
Peace and Non-violent Conflict Resolution - Peaceful resolution
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify situations that lead to conflicts in the family
-Discuss and present situations that may lead to conflicts in a family
-Appreciate the culture of peace in a society

- Learners speak clearly as they discuss and present situations that may lead to conflicts in a family
-Learners identify situations that lead to conflicts in the family
How can resolving conflicts help us live peacefully in the community?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 63
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 64
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
7 2
People, Population and Relationships
Peace and Non-violent Conflict Resolution - Experiences
Peace and Non-violent Conflict Resolution - Communication
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Resolve differences amicably as they discuss experiences from role play scenarios
-Discuss the experiences from the role play scenarios
-Show empathy with survivors of conflicts in the family

- Learners resolve differences amicably as they discuss the experiences from the role play scenarios
-Learners discuss experiences from the role play scenarios
How can resolving conflicts help us live peacefully in the community?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 65
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 66
-Manila papers
-Marker pens
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
7 3
People, Population and Relationships
Peace and Non-violent Conflict Resolution - Empathy
Peace and Non-violent Conflict Resolution - Healthy relationships
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Show empathy with survivors of conflicts in the family
-Role play a scenario in the family where empathy is shown
-Appreciate the culture of peace in a society

- Learners exchange new ideas as they role play a scenario in the family where empathy is shown
-Learners undertake group activities
How can resolving conflicts help us live peacefully in the community?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 67
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 68
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
7 4
People, Population and Relationships
Peace and Non-violent Conflict Resolution - Empathetic moments
Peace and Non-violent Conflict Resolution - Peace in the family
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Reflect on past empathetic moments
-Journal in their books and share
-Show empathy with survivors of conflicts in the family

- Learners reflect on past empathetic moments, journal in their books and share
-Learners discuss past empathetic moments
How can resolving conflicts help us live peacefully in the community?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 70
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
8 1
People, Population and Relationships
Peace and Non-violent Conflict Resolution - Conflict triggers
Peace and Non-violent Conflict Resolution - Peace culture
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify triggers of conflict in the family
-Discuss how to avoid conflict triggers
-Appreciate the culture of peace in a society

- Learners identify triggers of conflict in the family
-Learners discuss how to avoid conflict triggers
How can resolving conflicts help us live peacefully in the community?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 71
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 72
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
8 2
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Map Reading and Interpretation - Marginal information
Map Reading and Interpretation - Types of scales
Map Reading and Interpretation - Scale conversions
Map Reading and Interpretation - Measuring distances
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Interpret maps using marginal information
-Identify the different types of marginal information on a map
-Appreciate the use of marginal information to interpret maps

- Learners exchange new ideas when discussing in groups the marginal information on a map
-Learners present their findings in class
How can critical thinking be used in map interpretation?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 75
-Maps
-Digital resources
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 76
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 77
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 78
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
8 3
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Map Reading and Interpretation - Calculating areas
Map Reading and Interpretation - Drainage features
Map Reading and Interpretation - Relief features
Map Reading and Interpretation - Vegetation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate the area of different places on a topographical map
-Use scales to determine areas
-Apply critical thinking skills in map reading and interpretation

- Learners calculate the area of different places on a topographical map
-Learners share their findings in class
How can critical thinking be used in map interpretation?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 79
-Maps
-Digital resources
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 80
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 81
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 82
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
8 4
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Map Reading and Interpretation - Drawing diagrams
Map Reading and Interpretation - Critical thinking
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Draw diagrams of the relief and drainage features on a topographical map
-Interpret physical features using diagrams
-Apply critical thinking skills in map reading and interpretation

- Learners draw diagrams of the relief and drainage features on a topographical map
-Learners share their work in class
How can critical thinking be used in map interpretation?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 83
-Maps
-Digital resources
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 84
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
9 1
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Map Reading and Interpretation - Application
Map Reading and Interpretation - Practical application
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply knowledge of map reading in practical situations
-Interpret maps with different scales
-Apply critical thinking skills in map reading and interpretation

- Learners interpret different types of maps
-Learners apply their knowledge in practical map reading exercises
How can critical thinking be used in map interpretation?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 85
-Maps
-Digital resources
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 86
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
9 2
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Weather and Climate - Factors influencing weather
Weather and Climate - Factors influencing climate
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Examine the factors influencing weather in Africa
-Identify factors that affect day-to-day weather conditions
-Recognise the effects of weather and climate on human activities

- Learners use print or digital resources to research on the factors influencing weather in Africa
-Learners share their findings in class
-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 94
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 95
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
9 3
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Weather and Climate - Climatic regions
Weather and Climate - Desert regions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Illustrate the distribution of major climatic regions of Africa
-Draw a map showing climatic regions
-Recognise the effects of weather and climate on human activities

- Learners draw a map of Africa and indicate the major climatic regions (desert, semi-desert, tropical, mediterranean and mountain)
-Learners display their maps in class
-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 96
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 97
-Video clips
- Oral questions -Observation -Project work
9 4
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Weather and Climate - Semi-desert regions
Weather and Climate - Tropical regions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Illustrate the characteristics of semi-desert regions in Africa
-Identify semi-desert regions on a map
-Recognise the effects of weather and climate on human activities

- Learners view a video clip/film or use print materials on the distribution and characteristics of semi-desert regions
-Learners make short notes on the semi-desert regions
-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 98
-Digital resources
-Video clips
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 99
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
10 1
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Weather and Climate - Mediterranean regions
Weather and Climate - Mountain regions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Illustrate the characteristics of mediterranean regions in Africa
-Identify mediterranean regions on a map
-Recognise the effects of weather and climate on human activities

- Learners view a video clip/film or use print materials on the distribution and characteristics of mediterranean regions
-Learners make short notes on the mediterranean regions
-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 100
-Digital resources
-Video clips
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 101
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
10 2
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Weather and Climate - Stress management
Weather and Climate - Causes of climate change
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explore positive ways of managing stress during disasters caused by climate change
-Discuss ways of managing stress during disasters
-Recognise the effects of weather and climate on human activities

- Learners discuss ways of managing stress caused during disasters caused by climate change
-Learners share their experiences on managing stress
-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 102
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 103
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
10 3
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Weather and Climate - Effects of climate change
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify effects of climate change
-Brainstorm on the effects of climate change
-Apply problem solving skills in addressing effects of climate change on the environment

- Learners brainstorm on the effects of climate change
-Learners share their findings in class
-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 104
-Digital resources
-Internet
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
10 4
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Weather and Climate - Problem solving
Weather and Climate - Human activities
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply problem solving skills to address effects of climate change
-Perform a skit on problem solving skills to address effects of climate change
-Apply problem solving skills in addressing effects of climate change on the environment

- Learners become aware of their own responsibility in the society as they perform a skit on problem solving skills to address effects of climate change
-Learners discuss problem solving approaches
-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 105
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 106
-Resource person
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
11 1
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Vegetation in Africa - Factors influencing vegetation
Vegetation in Africa - Field excursion
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explain factors influencing vegetation distribution in Africa
-Brainstorm on factors influencing vegetation in Africa
-Appreciate vegetation conservation within the environment

- Learners brainstorm in groups on factors influencing vegetation in Africa
-Learners do a presentation in class
Why should we care for vegetation in our environment?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 108
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 109
-Immediate environment
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
11 2
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Vegetation in Africa - Vegetation regions
Vegetation in Africa - Characteristics
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify the vegetation regions in Africa
-Use digital or print resources to research on vegetation regions
-Appreciate vegetation conservation within the environment

- Learners use digital or print resources to find out the vegetation regions in Africa
-Learners share their findings in class
Why should we care for vegetation in our environment?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 110
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 111
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
11 3
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Vegetation in Africa - Map drawing
Vegetation in Africa - Conservation methods
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Locate the major vegetation regions of Africa
-Draw a map of Africa showing vegetation regions
-Appreciate vegetation conservation within the environment

- Learners draw the map of Africa and indicate the vegetation regions
-Learners display their maps in class
Why should we care for vegetation in our environment?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 112
-Digital resources
-Maps
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 113
-Manila papers
- Oral questions -Observation -Project work
11 4
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Vegetation in Africa - Caring for vegetation
Vegetation in Africa - Importance
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Write essays on ways of caring for vegetation
-Discuss ways of caring for vegetation
-Appreciate vegetation conservation within the environment

- Learners write essays on ways of caring for vegetation in the school community
-Learners share their essays
Why should we care for vegetation in our environment?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 114
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 115
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
12 1
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Selected sites
Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Map drawing
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Locate selected historical sites and monuments in Africa
-Trace selected historical sites and monuments in Africa
-Value conservation of historical sites and monuments in the locality

- Learners use digital or print resources to trace selected historical sites and monuments in Africa (Fort Jesus, Kilwa, Great Zimbabwe, Giza pyramids, Meroe, Timbuktu, and Robben Island)
-Learners present their findings in class
Why should we conserve historical sites and monuments?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 120
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 121
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
12 2
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Importance
Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Conservation ways
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Examine the importance of historical sites and monuments for the preservation of cultural heritage
-Brainstorm on the importance of historical sites and monuments
-Value conservation of historical sites and monuments in the locality

- Learners develop the skill of constructive dialogue as they brainstorm in groups on the importance of historical sites and monuments in Africa
-Learners share their findings in class
Why should we conserve historical sites and monuments?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 122
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 123
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
12 3
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Creative thinking
Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Overcoming challenges
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply creative thinking in preserving cultural heritage
-Discuss ways of applying creative thinking in preserving cultural heritage
-Value conservation of historical sites and monuments in the locality

- Learners discuss ways of applying creative thinking in preserving cultural heritage
-Learners share their ideas on creative approaches
Why should we conserve historical sites and monuments?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 124
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 125
- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests
12 4
Natural and Historic Built Environments
Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Photo album
Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Field visit
Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Awareness creation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Create an album of historical sites and monuments
-Collect pictures and photographs of historical sites and monuments
-Value conservation of historical sites and monuments in the locality

- Learners display national pride as they collect pictures and photographs and create an album of historical sites and monuments
-Learners display their albums in class
Why should we conserve historical sites and monuments?
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 126
-Digital resources
-Pictures and photographs
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 127
-Historical site or monument
-Manila papers
- Oral questions -Observation -Project work

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