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SCHEME OF WORK
Geography
Form 4 2025
TERM I
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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
1

Reporting and Opener Exams

2 1
STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA
Age- sex pyramids.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Define the term cohort.
Recall steps for constructing an age-sex pyramid.



Q/A: review previously studied statistical methods of presenting data.
Examine population census results of age and sex.
Teacher explains construction of an age-sex pyramid.



Census results.



KLB BOOK IV

Pg 1-2
2 2
STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA
Age- sex pyramids.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Construct an age-sex pyramid.
Supervised practice;
Written exercise.
Tabulated data.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 2-3
2 3
STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA
Analysis and interpretation of age-sex pyramids. Advantages and disadvantages of age-sex pyramids
Dot maps/ Distribution maps.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Analyse and interpret age-sex pyramids.
State advantages and disadvantages of presenting data in form of age- sex pyramids.
Charts ? types of age- sex pyramids.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 2-3
2 4
STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA
Constructing dot maps.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Construct dot maps.
Exposition of steps for constructing dot maps.
Practical activity- making dot maps.
Supervised practice.
Calculators, tabulated data.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 4-5
2 5
STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA
Advantages & disadvantages of dot maps.
Choropleth maps.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages & limitations of dot maps.
Review previous assignment.
Brief discussion on construction of dot maps.
Assignment.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 5
3 1
STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA
LAND RECLAMATION
Advantages & disadvantages of choropleth maps.
Introduction. Irrigation schemes in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages & disadvantages of chloropleth maps.
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.
map
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 7
3 2
LAND RECLAMATION
Mwea-Tebere irrigation scheme.
Perkerra irrigation scheme.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State factors influencing location of the scheme.
Describe establishment of the scheme.
Probing questions;
Detailed discussion on case study.
map
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 10-11
3 3
LAND RECLAMATION
Significance of irrigation farming in Kenya. Problems associated with irrigation farming in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline significance of irrigation farming in Kenya.


Outline the problems associated with irrigation farming in Kenya.
Q/A & brief discussion.



Brain storming;
Q/A & brief discussion.
map
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 12-13
3 4
LAND RECLAMATION
Methods of land reclamation. Irrigation.
Drainage of swamps & pest control.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline types of irrigation.
Exposition of new concepts;
Brief discussion.
Map
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 14-15
3 5
LAND RECLAMATION
Other methods of land reclamation.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain other methods of land reclamation.
Exposition of new concepts;
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.
map
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 16-18
4 1
LAND RECLAMATION
FISHING
Land reclamation in the Netherlands.
Factors influencing fishing.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight features of Delta Plan project.
State the benefits of the Delta Plan project.
Expository approach & case studies on Delta Plan project.
Brief discussion on benefits of the project;
Topic review questions.
Map- ocean currents of Africa.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 20-21
4 2
FISHING
Types of fish & Methods of fishing.
Major fishing grounds in the world. - Atlantic fishing grounds.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of fish.
Outline methods of fishing.
State advantages & disadvantages of specific methods of fishing.
Teacher exposes and explains new concepts related to types of fish and fishing methods.
Probing questions on advantages & disadvantages of each method.
Illustrative maps.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 25-28
4 3
FISHING
- Pacific fishing grounds.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Account for the extensive and highly developed fish farming in the Pacific fishing grounds.
Discussion on Atlantic fishing grounds;
N.E. Asia, West America.
Illustrative maps.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 32-33
4 4
FISHING
Fishing grounds in Africa.
Fishing in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major fishing grounds in Africa.
Descriptive approach.

Assignment method.
Illustrative maps ? fishing grounds in Africa.
Map: drainage system in Kenya.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 33-35
4 5
FISHING
Fish farming in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite significance of fish farming in Kenya and reasons why it should be encouraged.
State advantages & disadvantages of fish farming compared to other farming methods.
Describe establishment of fish farming in Kenya.
Brain storming,

Brief discussion.
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 38-40
5 1
FISHING
Problems associated with fishing industry in Kenya.
Management and conservation of fisheries in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify problems associated with fishing industry.
Suggest possible solutions to the problems.
Brain storming,

Brief discussion.
Map
KLB BOOK IV  Pg 40
5 2
FISHING
Fishing in Tanzania.
Fishing in Uganda.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe marine fishing and inland fishing in Tanzania.
Q/A & brief discussion.

Superficial case studies.
Map: drainage system in Tanzania.
Map: drainage systems in Uganda.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 40-41
5 3
FISHING
Fishing in Japan.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Account for establishment and development of fishing in Japan.
Case study.
Map showing location of Japan.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 47-48
5 4
WILDLIFE AND TOURISM
Distribution of wildlife in East Africa.
Game Parks in East Africa.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Explain the factors influencing distribution of wildlife in East Africa.



Detailed discussion.

Q/A and brief discussion.
Map: distribution of major game parks in East Africa.
Map
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 50-52
5 5
WILDLIFE AND TOURISM
Significance and problems facing Wildlife in East Africa.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline the significance of wildlife in East Africa.
Outline problems facing wildlife in East Africa.
Suggest possible solutions to the problems.
Oral questions;
Explanations and open discussion.
Map
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 54-57
6 1
WILDLIFE AND TOURISM
Management and conservation of wildlife in East Africa.
Tourism: Introduction. Factors of tourism in Kenya.
Tourist attractions in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight some of the measures being taken to conserve wildlife in East Africa.
Probing questions & discussion.
Newspaper cuttings.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 57-59
6 2
WILDLIFE AND TOURISM
Significance of tourism. Problems associated with tourism.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline benefits of tourism to Kenya.

Identify problems associated with tourism.
Give specific examples of tourism benefits.
Give specific examples of problems associated with tourism.
Newspaper extracts.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 69-73
6 3
WILDLIFE AND TOURISM
ENERGY
Tourism in Switzerland.
Renewable sources of energy.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Account for development of tourism industry in Switzerland.
Superficial case study.
Map: location of Switzerland.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 71
6 4
ENERGY
Non- renewable sources of energy
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify non- renewable sources of energy.
Brain storming;

Brief discussion.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 80-82
6 5
ENERGY
H.E.P. stations & geothermal stations in Kenya.
H.E.P. stations in Uganda.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe establishment and development of H.E.P. & geothermal stations in Kenya.
Brain storming;

Brief discussion.
Map: HEP stations in Kenya.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 83-85
7 1
ENERGY
Geothermal power projects in Africa.
Energy crisis.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major geothermal power sites in Africa.
Brief case study on Kariba and Akosombo dams.
Map- HEP power projects in Africa.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 86-87
7 2
ENERGY
Management and conservation of energy.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline measures taken to manage and conserve energy.
Brief discussion with probing questions.
Review questions.
Map- HEP power projects in Africa.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 91
7 3
INDUSTRY
Introduction. Definition and importance.
Types of industries.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define the terms industry and industrialization.
Give reasons why industrialization is essential.


Brain storming;

Discussion.
Newspaper extracts.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 93-97
7 4
INDUSTRY
Jua kali industries.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the role of jua kali industries in the growth of an economy.
Oral questions, brief discussion.
Newspaper extracts.
KLB BOOK IV

pg 103- 107
7 5
INDUSTRY
Distribution of Agricultural industries in Kenya.
Distribution of non-agricultural industries in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the distribution of Agricultural industries in Kenya.
Cite specific examples and the materials dealt in.
Newspaper extracts.
KLB BOOK IV
8

Mid Term Exams and Break
9 1
INDUSTRY
Significance of industrialization in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight the significance of industrialization in Kenya.
Oral questions, brief discussion.
Newspaper extracts.
KLB BOOK IV
9 2
INDUSTRY
Problems facing industrialization & industries in Kenya.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify problems facing industrialization & industries in Kenya.
Suggest possible solutions to the problems.
Q/A & brief discussion.
Newspaper extracts.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 104-5
9 3
INDUSTRY
Cottage industry in India. Iron & steel industry in the Ruhr region.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe cottage industry in India.
Explain the success of cottage industry in India.
Explain factors that have led to development of iron & steel industry in the Ruhr region of Germany.
Brief discussion.

Give examples of activities in Cottage industry.

Expository approach with specific examples.
Map: industrial centers of India & Germany.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 104-7



Pg 113
9 4
INDUSTRY
Car manufacturing & Electronics industry in Japan.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors that have led to development of car manufacturing & electronics industry in Japan.
Expository approach with specific examples.
Maps: Japan?s major industrial centres.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 116-118
9 5
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Introduction. Road transport.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define the terms transport, communication & tele-communication.
State advantages & disadvantages of road transport.
Identify problems facing road transport.
Suggest ways of combating these problems.



Brainstorming, brief discussion;
Maps: major airports in Africa.
KLB BOOK IV Pg 120-121
10 1
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Railway transport.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages & disadvantages of railway transport.
Identify problems facing railway transport in Africa.
Oral questions, brief discussion.
Maps: major airports in Africa.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 121-2
10 2
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Water transport.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite reasons for development of water transport in Africa.
State advantages & disadvantages of water transport.
Identify problems facing water transport in Africa.
Q/A ,brief discussion.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 123-4
10 3
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Air transport.
Pipelines, lifts & escalators.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite reasons for development of air transport in Africa.
State advantages & disadvantages of air transport.
Identify problems facing air transport in Africa.
Q/A, brief discussion.
Maps: major airports in Africa.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 124 -5
10 4
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Types of communication systems.
Major lines of transport in Africa.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of communication systems in Africa.
Q/A, discussion & exposition of new concepts e.g. Facsimile, internet and
e-mail.
Maps: major airports in Africa.
Illustrative maps.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 127-8
10 5
TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA- TION.
Role of transport & communication.
Problems facing transport and communication in Africa.
Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the role of transport & communication in the economic development of Africa.
Brainstorming, probing questions & discussion.
Illustrative maps.
KLB BOOK IV

Pg 134-8
11-12

Pre-Mocks Exams

13

Closing

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