ECOLOGY

Xerophytes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state characteristics of dry habitats.
To identify adaptations of xerophytes to their habitats.

Q/A: Characteristics of dry habitats.
Discussion: Adaptations of xerophytes to dry habitats.

Specimens of xerophytes.

KLB BK III. P 50. CERTIFICATE PG 64

ECOLOGY

Mesophytes.
Hydrophytes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state characteristics of habitats of mesophytes.

To explain adaptations of mesophytes to their habitats.

Q/A: Characteristics of habitats where mesophytes thrive.

Discussion: Adaptations of mesophytes to their habitats.

Specimens of mesophytes.
Specimens of hydrophytes.

KLB BK III. P 51. CERTIFICATE PG 69

ECOLOGY

Halophytes.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state characteristics of habitats of halophytes.
To explain adaptations of halophytes to their habitats.

Q/A: Characteristics of dry habitats.
Discussion: Adaptations of dry habitats.

Specimens of halophytes.

KLB BK III. P 52. CERTIFICATE PG 68

ECOLOGY

Adaptive features of plants.
Pollution and its effects.
Air pollution.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

To identify causes and effects of air pollution.
To suggest control measures of air pollution.

Group experiments- Students examine given specimens and suggest their habitats.
Identify adaptive features.
Detailed discussion & probing questions.

Xerophytes Mesophytes
Hydrophytes
Hand lenses.
text book
topic related video

KLB BK III. P 50. CERTIFICATE PG 69
KLB BK III. PP 56-59. CERTIFICATE PG 70

ECOLOGY

Water pollution.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify causes and effects of water pollution.
To suggest control measures of water pollution.

Detailed discussion & Q/A.

video of water pollution

KLB BK III. P 60. CERTIFICATE PG 77

ECOLOGY

Soil pollution.
Radioactive emissions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify causes and effects of soil pollution.
To suggest control measures of soil pollution.

Detailed discussion & Q/A.

text book

KLB BK III. P 62. CERTIFICATE PG 80

ECOLOGY

Human diseases. Typhoid & cholera.
Protozoan diseases.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify disease predisposing factors.
To describe causative agents, symptoms, prevention of bacterial diseases.

Detailed discussion with probing questions.

text book
magazine

KLB BK III. P 63. CERTIFICATE PG 82

ECOLOGY

Prevention and control of protozoan diseases.
Ascaris lumbricoides.
Bilharzia.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain methods of preventing and controlling protozoan diseases.
To identify adaptive features of Ascaris lumbricoides.
To state and explain effects of a parasite on the host.
To suggest preventive and control measures.

Group activities: Students examine preserved specimens of Ascaris lumbricoides and identify some adaptive features.

Detailed discussion.

Preserved specimens of Ascaris lumbricoides.
chart

CERTIFICATE PG  83
KLB BK III. P 67. CERTIFICATE PG 87

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Introduction
Cell division.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To differentiate between sexual and asexual reproduction.
To state importance of reproduction.

Q/A: Defination of reproduction.
Teacher illustrates and explains sexual and asexual reproduction.

text book
chart

KLB BK III. P 78. CERTIFICATE PG 99

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Mitosis.
Mitosis in a young root tip.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the process of mitosis.

Teacher leads in a detailed discussion.
Drawing diagrams showing stages of mitosis.

charts
Onion root tip.
Microscope
IM HCl
Cover slides.

KLB BK III.
P 80. CERTIFICATE PG 100

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Significance of mitosis.
Meiosis.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain significance of mitosis.

Detailed discussion.

text book

KLB BK III.
P 81. CERTIFICATE PG102

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

First and second meiotic divisions.
Meiosis in plant cells.
Significance of meiosis.
Asexual reproduction. Binary fission.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the processes of first and second meiotic divisions.
To explain significance of meiosis.

Explanations and drawing diagrams.
Detailed discussion.
Probing questions leading to differences between mitosis and meiosis.

Chart- stages of second meiotic division.
Flower buds
IM HCl
Source of heat
Glass slide
Filter paper
Microscope
Chart- Binary fission in amoeba

KLB BK III.
P 82. CERTIFICATE PG 104
KLB BK III.
P 82. CERTIFICATE PG 113

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Spore formation.
Budding.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the process of spore formation in bread// ugali mould.

Mould on bread /ugali.
Identify and draw hyphae and sporangia.

Microscope bread/ ugali mould
Hand lens.

KLB BK III.
P 88.CERTIFICATE PG 114

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Budding in yeast.
Sexual reproduction in plants. Structure of a flower.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain conditions necessary for budding in yeast.

Identifying, drawing and labeling yeast cells.

Previously prepared 10% sugar solution
Methylene blue
Microscope
Bean flower
Morning glory
Bauhinia Longitudinal section of a general flower.

KLB BK III.
P 89.CERTIFICATE PG 113

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Flower terminologies.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain terms related to flowers.

Exposition of new concepts.
Teacher demonstration- examining features of flowers.

Flowers.

KLB BK III.
P 91.CERTIFICATE PG 117

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Pollination. Insect-pollinated flowers.
Wind-pollinated flowers.
Adaptive features of wind-pollinated flowers.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define pollination.
To identify agents of pollination.
To describe the structure of insect-pollinated flowers.
To describe the structure of wind-pollinated flowers.

Q/A: Definition of pollination.
Agents of pollination.
Class experiment- Structure of insect pollinated flowers.
Students identify various parts.

Class experiment-examine inflorescence of star grass/ maize/ sugarcane.
Identify glumes, spikes and spikelets.
Compare them in text books/ charts.

Insect-pollinated flowers.
Wind-pollinated flowers.

KLB BK III.
P 93.CERTIFICATE PG 119
KLB BK III.
PP 93-94.CERTIFICATE PG 119

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Features hindering self-pollination.
Fertilisation process in flowering plants.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To discuss features and mechanisms that hinder self-pollination in plants.

Exposition and detailed discussion.

wind & inect pollinated flower
chart

KLB BK III. PP 93-94.

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Seed formation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

To explain formation of seeds.

Detailed discussion.

text book

KLB BK III.
P 97.CERTIFICATE PG 123

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Fruit development.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

To describe development of fruits in flowering plants.

Detailed discussion.

text book

KLB BK III.
P 98.CERTIFICATE PG 124

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Classification of fruits.
Placentation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To classify fruits using specific criteria.

To define placentation.
To describe the process of placentation.
To identify types of placentation.

Teacher presents several types of fruits and leads students in classifying them.
Detailed discussion, drawing of diagrams.


Teacher exposes the meaning of placentation.
Students examine ovaries of various fruits as the teacher exposes the types of placentation exhibited.
Students draw diagrams showing types of placentation.

A variety of fruits, petri dishes
Blades
Containers.

Fruits
Beans
Sunflower
Pawpaw
Orange
Primrose, e.t.c

KLB BK III.
P 99. CERTIFICATE PG 125
KLB BK III.
P 100.CERTIFICATE PG 130

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Fruit and seed dispersal.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain adaptive features of fruits and seeds to their agents of dispersal.

Students examine fruits and seeds, observe external features, and group them accordingly to methods of dispersal.
Detailed discussion of observations made.

text book

KLB BK III. PP. 102-103 CERTIFICATE PG 130

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Internal structure of fruits.
Sexual reproduction in animals. External fertilisation.
Internal fertilisation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To label the parts of internal structure of a fruit.

To identify the functions of internal parts of a fruit.

Teacher demonstration- Vertical sections of fruits.

Students draw and label the fruit internal structure.

charts
Strands of eggs of frogs.

KLB BK III. P. 104 

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Reproduction in mammals. Reproduction in human beings.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the reproduction process in mammals.


To draw and label the structure of male reproduction system.

Detailed discussion.



Drawing and labeling male reproduction system.

Wall charts-Reproduction system.

KLB BK III. P. 105 CERTIFICATE PG 149

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Functions of parts of male reproduction system.
Male reproduction system of a male animal.
Female reproduction system.
Functions of parts of female reproduction system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the male reproduction system.
To draw and label parts of the female reproduction system.

Detailed discussion.
Drawing and labeling.

text book
Reproduction system of a rabbit/ rat.
chart

KLB BK III. PP. 106-108 CERTIFICATE PG 150
KLB BK III. PP.
108-110. CERTIFICATE PG 164

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Female reproduction system of a female animal.
Formation of ova.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify parts of female reproduction system of a female animal.

Examine parts of a female reproduction system.
Identify the parts.

Dissected female rat/ mouse/rabbit.
text book

KLB BK III. P.110 CERTIFICATE PG 151

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Fertilisation process.
Implantation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain the fertilisation process.

Discussion
Drawing diagrams.

chart
text book

KLB BK III. PP. 113-114 CERTIFICATE PG 152

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

The placenta.
Role of the placenta. Placental exchanges.
Pregnancy and hormones.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the formation of the placenta and the structure of the placenta.

Exposition and discussion.

Chart- The placenta.
text book

KLB BK III. P. 115 CERTIFICATE PG 159

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Abortion, miscarriage, birth.
Lactation and parental care.
Secondary sexual characteristics.
The menstrual cycle.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe processes of abortion, miscarriage and birth.
To state secondary sexual characteristics in males and females.

Q/A: To elicit students responses on related issues.
Detailed discussion.

text book
Wall- charts mammary glands.
text book
Chart- Phases of human menstrual cycle.

KLB BK III. PP.
117-119 

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

28-day menstrual cycle.
Menopause, infertility and emerging issues.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To represent hormonal levels on a 28-day chart.

Open discussion.
Interpreting illustrative charts.

chart
text book

KLB BK III. PP.
122-123 CERTIFICATE PG 152

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Sexually Transmitted Infections & HIV/AIDS.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify the symptoms of STIs.
To explain the mode of transmission of STIs / AIDS and discuss methods of control.
To differentiate between HIV and AIDS.

Detailed discussion.
Q/A: Distinction and relationship between HIV and AIDS.

Chart- STIs causal agents, symptoms, prevention and control measures.

PP.
123-125 CERTIFICATE PG 169

GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT.

The concepts of growth and development.
Measurement of growth.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To distinguish growth from development.

Q/A: Aspects that occur during growth.
Detailed discussion of growth and development.

text book

KLB BK III. P. 134 CERTIFICATE PG 178

GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT.

Growth phases.
Intermittent growth curve.
Structure of the seed.
Longitudinal sections of monocots and dicots.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe lag and decelerating phases of growth.
Explain growth curve showing intermittent growth.

Students will have collected data, e.g. height of shoots of different ages.
Teacher assists students to draw growth curves.
Discussion- phases of growth.

Q/A: life cycles of insects.
Exposition and detailed discussion.

Shoots of known ages.
chart
Specimens of maize and bean seeds.
Hand lens
Maize and bean seeds.
Iodine
Scalpels.

KLB BK III. P. 135 CERTIFICATE PG 179

GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT.

Dormancy in seeds.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define seed dormancy.
To explain factors that cause dormancy and ways of breaking dormancy.

Detailed discussion.

video

KLB BK III. P. 137 CERTIFICATE PG 188

GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT.

Seed germination.
Epigeal germination.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the process of seed germination.
To investigate conditions necessary for germination.
To explain conditions necessary for germination.

Observe previously prepared specimens.
Discuss the observations.

Seeds
Cotton wool
Flat bottomed flasks
Corks
T-tubes
Thermometers
pyrogallic acid
NaOH solution.
Specimens of germinating bean/castor seed at different phases of germination.

KLB BK III.
P 140. CERTIFICATE PG 184

GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT.

Hypogeal germination.
Primary growth of a seedling.
Region of growth in a root.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe hypogeal germination.

Observe previously prepared specimens of germinating bean seed/ castor seed.
Drawing diagrams.

Specimens of germinating maize seed at different phases of germination.
Germinating bean seeds
Cork pin
Beaker
Indian ink
Blotting paper
Ruler.

KLB BK III. P. 141 CERTIFICATE PG 184

GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT.

Apical meristems.
Secondary growth.
Growth hormones.
Apical dominance.
Growth and development in insects.
Role of hormones in insect growth.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw and label longitudinal and transverse sections of apical meristems.


To explain role of hormones in growth of plants.

Drawing and labelling transverse sections of apical meristems.
Discuss the role of IAA, gibberellins, cytokinins, and abscisic acid e.t.c, in plant growth.

Charts- Apical meristems.
text book
text book
Shoot with lateral growth.
chart

KLB BK III. P. 144 CERTIFICATE PG 186
KLB BK III. P. 147 CERTIFICATE PG 190