SOIL.

Soil constituents.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define the term soil.
Describe composition of soil.

Q/A: review soil profile, soil structure, etc.
Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 193-195

SOIL.

Soil formation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain processes through which soil is formed.

Q/A: review weathering.
Detailed discussion & illustrative diagrams.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 195-6

SOIL.

Factors of soil formation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors influencing soil formation.

Q/A & discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 196-8

SOIL.

Properties of soil.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify characteristics of soil.

Q/A & discussion &
practical activities e.g. determining soil pH; water retention capacity, porosity, etc.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 198-202

SOIL.

Soil degeneration within a locality.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types & causes of soil degeneration.

Q/A: loss of soil fertility.
Detailed discussion.
Fieldwork.

SOIL.

Soil degeneration.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types & causes of soil degeneration in a specific area.

Fieldwork.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 208-210

SOIL.

Agents of soil degeneration.
Effects of soil erosion.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify agents of soil degeneration.
Outline effects of soil erosion.

Brain storming;
Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 210-1

SOIL.

Types of soils: Zonal order.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Identify types of soils of the zonal order.
State characteristics of various types of soils of the zonal order.

Exposition & explanations.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 212

SOIL.

Azonal order.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify azonal order soils.
State characteristics of various types of soils.

Exposition & explanations.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 213

SOIL.

Intrazonal order.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of soils of the intrazonal order.
State characteristics of various intrazonal order soils.

Exposition & explanations.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 214

SOIL.

Soil conservation & management.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify soil conservation & management measures.

Brief discussion & assignment.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 215-8

AGRICULTURE

Factors influencing Agriculture.
Types of Agriculture.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the factors influencing Agriculture.
Identify various types of farming systems and methods.
State characteristics of each type of farming system and method.

Q/A: review various aspects of Agriculture, its importance, etc.
Probing questions on factors affecting Agriculture; biotic, edaphic, economic, climate, etc.
Q/A, detailed discussion.
Cite examples where each type of farming is successful.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 223-8

AGRICULTURE

Tea farming in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major tea-growing areas in Kenya.
State conditions necessary for tea growing.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of tea in Kenya.
Outline some achievements of KTDA.
Highlight some problems facing tea farming in Kenya.

Brain storming;

Probing questions;

Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 241-8

AGRICULTURE

Sugar cane growing in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major sugar cane-growing areas in Kenya.
State conditions necessary for sugar cane growing.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of sugar cane in Kenya.
Highlight some problems facing sugar cane farming in Kenya.

Brain storming;

Probing questions;

Brief discussion;

Assignments.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 248-254

AGRICULTURE

Maize growing in Kenya.
Cocoa in Ghana.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major maize-growing areas in Kenya.
State conditions necessary for maize growing.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of maize in Kenya.
Highlight some problems facing maize farming in Kenya.
Identify major cocoa growing areas in Ghana.
State conditions necessary for cocoa growing.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of cocoa in Ghana.
Highlight some problems facing cocoa growing in Ghana.

Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.
Oral questions, brief discussion & explanations.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 254-260

AGRICULTURE

Oil palm in Nigeria.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major oil palm-growing areas in Nigeria.
State conditions necessary for oil palm growing in Nigeria.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of oil palm in Nigeria.
Highlight some problems facing oil palm growing in Nigeria.

Brain storming;

Probing questions;

Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 265-269

AGRICULTURE

Coffee in Kenya.
Coffee in Brazil.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major coffee growing areas in Kenya.
State conditions necessary for coffee growing.
Describe cultivation, processing and marketing of coffee in Kenya.
Highlight some problems facing coffee farming in Kenya.
Identify conditions favourable for coffee farming in Brazil.
Outline problems facing coffee farming in Brazil.

Q/A, brief discussion
& Assignment.
Q/A & explanations & Assignment.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 271-4

AGRICULTURE

Wheat growing in Kenya & Canada.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify conditions favouring wheat growing in Kenya & Canada.

Q/A & explanations.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
277-282

AGRICULTURE

Horticulture in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify conditions favouring growing horticulture in Kenya.
Give examples of horticultural crops and their importance.
Describe marketing of horticultural crops in Kenya.
Highlight problems facing horticulture in Kenya.

Brain storming;

Probing questions;

Brief discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
283

AGRICULTURE

Horticulture in the Netherlands.
Commercial dairy & beef farming in Kenya & in Denmark.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify conditions favouring horticulture in the Netherlands.
Describe marketing of horticultural crops in the Netherlands.
Highlight problems facing horticulture in the Netherlands.
Outline conditions favouring commercial dairy & beef farming in Kenya.
Identify dairy / beef cattle breeds reared in Kenya.
Identify problems facing commercial dairy & beef farming in Kenya and the responses of the government to these problems.

Probing questions & brief discussion.
Probing questions, brief discussion & assignment.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 288

AGRICULTURE

Beef farming in Argentina.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify conditions favouring beef farming in Argentina.
Describe the organization of beef farms in Argentina.

Explanations, probing questions & discussion.

Cert. Geography
Bk III
Pg 306

STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA

Age- sex pyramids.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Define the term cohort.
Recall steps for constructing an age-sex pyramid.

Q/A: review previously studied statistical methods of presenting data.
Examine population census results of age and sex.
Teacher explains construction of an age-sex pyramid.

Census results.

KLB BOOK IV

Pg 1-2

STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA

Age- sex pyramids.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Construct an age-sex pyramid.

Supervised practice;
Written exercise.

Tabulated data.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 2-3

STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA

Analysis and interpretation of age-sex pyramids. Advantages and disadvantages of age-sex pyramids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Analyse and interpret age-sex pyramids.
State advantages and disadvantages of presenting data in form of age- sex pyramids.

Charts ? types of age- sex pyramids.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 2-3

STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA

Dot maps/ Distribution maps.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain factors taken into consideration when constructing a dot map.

Expository approach:
Teacher explains significance of dot value, dot size and dot location.
Simple calculations.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 3-4

STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA

Constructing dot maps.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Construct dot maps.

Exposition of steps for constructing dot maps.
Practical activity- making dot maps.
Supervised practice.

Calculators, tabulated data.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 4-5

STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA

Advantages & disadvantages of dot maps.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages & limitations of dot maps.

Review previous assignment.
Brief discussion on construction of dot maps.
Assignment.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 5

STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA

Choropleth maps.
Advantages & disadvantages of choropleth maps.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Draw a choropleth map.
State advantages & disadvantages of chloropleth maps.

Teacher exposes and explains new concepts related to choropleth maps.
Written exercise.
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 6-7

LAND RECLAMATION

Introduction. Irrigation schemes in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Define the terms land reclamation and land rehabilitation.
Identify various irrigation schemes in Kenya.

Probing questions related less useful land;
Brief discussion.

map

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 9-10

LAND RECLAMATION

Mwea-Tebere irrigation scheme.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State factors influencing location of the scheme.
Describe establishment of the scheme.

Probing questions;
Detailed discussion on case study.

map

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 10-11

LAND RECLAMATION

Perkerra irrigation scheme.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State factors influencing location of the scheme.
Describe establishment of the scheme.

Probing questions;
Detailed discussion on case study.

map

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 11-12

LAND RECLAMATION

Significance of irrigation farming in Kenya. Problems associated with irrigation farming in Kenya.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline significance of irrigation farming in Kenya.


Outline the problems associated with irrigation farming in Kenya.

Q/A & brief discussion.



Brain storming;
Q/A & brief discussion.

map

KLB BOOK IV  Pg 12-13